Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Indeed, Allah is the Cleaver of grain and fruit-stones. He brings forth the living from the dead and brings forth the dead from the living. That is Allah; so how are you turned away? (95) He is the Cleaver of daybreak, and He made the night a repose, and the sun and the moon for calculation. That is the determination of the Mighty, the All-Knowing. (96) And He is the One who made the stars for you, so that you may be guided by them through the darknesses of land and sea. We have made the signs clear for a people who know. (97) And He is the One who brought you forth from a single soul; then there is a place of settlement and a place of storage. We have made the signs clear for a people who understand. (98)”

His words, exalted is He: “Indeed, Allah is the Cleaver of grain and fruit-stones.” Cleaving means splitting. Al-Hasan, Qatadah, and al-Suddi said: This means that He separates the grain from the ear and the fruit-stone from the palm tree, bringing them forth from them. Grain is the plural of a grain, and is a term for all seeds and grains, such as wheat, barley, millet, and everything that has no pit.

Al-Zajjaj said: He splits open the dry grain and the dry fruit-stone, bringing forth green leaves from them.

Mujahid said: It refers to the two halves within them; that is, He separates the grain from the plant and brings it forth from it, and He separates the fruit-stone from the palm tree and brings it forth from it. (1)

Fruit-stones is the plural of a fruit-stone, referring to everything that is not grain, such as dates, apricots, peaches, and the like.

Al-Dahhak said: “the Cleaver of grain and fruit-stones” means: the Creator of grain and fruit-stones. “He brings forth the living from the dead and brings forth the dead from the living. That is Allah; so how are you turned away?” That is, how are you turned away from the truth?

“The Cleaver of daybreak”: the One who splits the column of dawn from the darkness of the night and reveals it; and it is the first thing to appear in the day

(1) Omitted from manuscript B.
﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ ذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَنَّى تُؤْفَكُونَ (٩٥) فَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ سَكَنًا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ حُسْبَانًا ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ (٩٦) وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ النُّجُومَ لِتَهْتَدُوا بِهَا فِي ظُلُمَاتِ الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ (٩٧) وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْشَأَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَمُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمُسْتَوْدَعٌ قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَفْقَهُونَ (٩٨) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿إِنَّ اللَّهَ فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى﴾ الْفَلْقُ الشَّقُّ، قَالَ الْحَسَنُ وَقَتَادَةُ وَالسُّدِّيُّ: مَعْنَاهُ يَشُقُّ الْحَبَّةَ عَنِ السُّنْبُلَةِ وَالنَّوَاةَ عَنِ النَّخْلَةِ فَيُخْرِجُهَا مِنْهَا، وَالْحَبُّ جَمْعُ الْحَبَّةِ، وَهِيَ اسْمٌ لِجَمِيعِ الْبُذُورِ وَالْحُبُوبِ مِنَ الْبُرِّ وَالشَّعِيرِ وَالذُّرَةِ، وَكُلِّ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ نَوًى، [وَقَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ: يَشُقُّ الْحَبَّةَ الْيَابِسَةَ وَالنَّوَاةَ الْيَابِسَةَ فَيُخْرِجُ مِنْهَا أَوْرَاقًا خُضْرًا. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: يَعْنِي الشَّقَّيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ فِيهِمَا، أَيْ: يَشُقُّ الْحَبَّ عَنِ النَّبَاتِ وَيُخْرِجُهُ مِنْهُ وَيَشُقُّ النَّوَى عَنِ النَّخْلِ وَيُخْرِجُهَا مِنْهُ] (١) . وَالنَّوَى جَمْعُ النَّوَاةِ، وَهِيَ كُلُّ مَا لَمْ يَكُنْ حَبًّا، كَالتَّمْرِ وَالْمِشْمِشِ وَالْخَوْخِ وَنَحْوِهَا. وَقَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ: فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى يَعْنِي: خَالِقَ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَى، ﴿يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ ذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ فَأَنَّى تُؤْفَكُونَ﴾ تُصْرَفُونَ عَنِ الْحَقِّ. ﴿فَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ﴾ شَاقُّ عَمُودِ الصُّبْحِ عَنْ ظُلْمَةِ اللَّيْلِ وَكَاشِفُهُ [وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ مَا يَبْدُو مِنَ النَّهَارِ
(١) ساقط من "ب".

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