Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (3/157)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

That is, you will be assembled at the standing place for the Reckoning.

“And He is the One who created the heavens and the earth in truth.” It is said that the particle rendered “in” here conveys the sense of “for”: that is, He created them to manifest the truth, for He made His creation an evidence of His oneness. “And on the Day He says, ‘Be,’ and it is.” It is said that this refers to the heavens, the earth, and all created things, in the sense of decree and determination: every matter that He decreed and determined, He says to it, “Be,” and it comes to be.

It is also said that it refers to the Resurrection, indicating how swiftly the resurrection and the Hour will come to pass—as though He said: On the Day He says to creation, “Die,” they will die; and, “Rise,” they will rise. “His word is the truth”: that is, it is true and will inevitably come to pass. This means that what He has promised is certain to occur. “His is the dominion on the Day the Trumpet is blown”: that is, the dominion of kings will have vanished on that Day, as in His saying, “Master of the Day of Judgment,” and as He says, “The command on that Day belongs to Allah.” The command belongs to Him at all times, but on that Day no one will have any command alongside the command of Allah.

The Trumpet is a horn into which one blows. Mujahid said: it is like a trumpet. It was also said that this is the word for it in the language of the people of Yemen. Abu Ubaydah said: “The Trumpet” means “the forms,” the plural of “form”; this was also the view of al-Hasan. The first view, however, is more correct.

The evidence for this is what Muhammad ibn Abd Allah [ibn Abi Tawbah related to us; Abu Tahir al-Muharibi related to us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kisa'i related to us; Abu Abd Allah] (1) ibn Mahmud related to us: Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallal related to us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak related to us, from Sulayman al-Taymi, from Aslam, from Bishr ibn Shighaf, from Abd Allah ibn Amr ibn al-As, who said: A Bedouin came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and asked, “What is the Trumpet?” He replied, “A horn into which one blows.” (2)

Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Salihi related to us: Abu Sa'id Muhammad ibn Musa al-Sayrafi related to us; Abu Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Abd Allah al-Saffar related to us; Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa al-Burti related to us; Abu Hudhayfah related to us; Sufyan related from al-A'mash, from Atiyyah ibn Sa'd al-Awfi, from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “How can I enjoy ease when the bearer of the Trumpet has placed it to his mouth, inclined his ear, and lowered his forehead, awaiting the command?” They said, “O Messenger of Allah, what do you instruct us to say?” He said, “Say: ‘Allah is sufficient for us, and He is the best Disposer of affairs.’” (3)

Abu al-Ala said, on the authority of Atiyyah: He is awaiting the command to blow, and then he will blow.

(1) Omitted from manuscript A. (2) Narrated by al-Tirmidhi in al-Qiyamah, chapter “What Has Been Reported concerning the Trumpet,” 7:117. He said: “This is a sound, authentic hadith. More than one narrator transmitted it from Sulayman al-Taymi, and we know it only through his hadith.” He also narrated it in al-Tafsir, 9:116. It was also narrated by al-Darimi in al-Riqaq, chapter “On the Blowing of the Trumpet,” 2:325; authenticated by al-Hakim, 2:506 and 4:560, with al-Dhahabi concurring; by Ibn Hibban, p. 637 of Mawarid al-Zam'an; and by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad, 2:162, 196. (3) A sound hadith, narrated by al-Tirmidhi in Sifat al-Qiyamah, chapter “What Has Been Reported concerning the Trumpet,” 7:117-118. He said: “This is a sound hadith, and it has also been narrated through another route from Atiyyah, from Abu Sa'id, from the Prophet, with similar wording.” He also narrated it in his Tafsir of Surat al-Zumar, 9:116. It was authenticated by al-Hakim through Ibn Abbas, 4:559, and by Ibn Hibban, p. 637; and Imam Ahmad narrated it in al-Musnad, 4:374, on the authority of Zayd ibn Arqam. Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar said in Fath al-Bari: “Al-Tabarani narrated it from Zayd ibn Arqam, Ibn Mardawayh from Abu Hurayrah, and Ahmad and al-Bayhaqi from Ibn Abbas ... though there is criticism regarding the chains of transmission of each.” The author also narrated it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:103, and said: “This is a sound hadith.”

أَيْ: تُجْمَعُونَ فِي الْمَوْقِفِ لِلْحِسَابِ. ﴿وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ﴾ قِيلَ: الْبَاءُ بِمَعْنَى اللَّامِ، أَيْ: إِظْهَارًا لِلْحَقِّ لِأَنَّهُ جَعَلَ صُنْعَهُ دَلِيلًا عَلَى وَحْدَانِيَّتِهِ، ﴿وَيَوْمَ يَقُولُ كُنْ فَيَكُونُ﴾ قِيلَ: هُوَ رَاجِعٌ إِلَى السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَالْخَلْقُ، بِمَعْنَى: الْقَضَاءِ وَالتَّقْدِيرِ، أَيْ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ قَضَاهُ وَقَدَّرَهُ قَالَ لَهُ: كُنْ، فَيَكُونُ. وَقِيلَ: يَرْجِعُ إِلَى الْقِيَامَةِ، يَدُلُّ عَلَى سُرْعَةِ أَمْرِ الْبَعْثِ وَالسَّاعَةِ، كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ: وَيَوْمَ يَقُولُ للخلق: موتوا فيمومون، وَقُومُوا فَيَقُومُونَ، ﴿قَوْلُهُ الْحَقُّ﴾ أَيِ: الصِّدْقُ الْوَاقِعُ لَا مَحَالَةَ، يُرِيدُ أَنَّ مَا وَعَدَهُ حَقٌّ كَائِنٌ، ﴿وَلَهُ الْمُلْكُ يَوْمَ يُنْفَخُ فِي الصُّورِ﴾ يَعْنِي: مُلْكُ الْمُلُوكِ يَوْمَئِذٍ زَائِلٌ، كَقَوْلِهِ: "مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ"، وَكَمَا قَالَ: "وَالْأَمْرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ لِلَّهِ"، وَالْأَمْرُ لَهُ فِي كُلِّ وَقْتٍ، وَلَكِنْ لَا أَمْرَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ لِأَحَدٍ مَعَ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ، وَالصُّورُ: قَرْنٌ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ، قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: كَهَيْئَةِ الْبُوقِ، وَقِيلَ: هُوَ بِلُغَةِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ، وَقَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ: الصُّورُ هُوَ الصُّوَرُ وَهُوَ جَمْعُ الصُّورَةِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْحَسَنِ: وَالْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ. وَالدَّلِيلُ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ [بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ أَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ] (١) بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ أَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ شِغَافٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ قَالَ جَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: مَا الصُّورُ؟ قَالَ: "قَرْنٌ يُنْفَخُ فِيهِ" (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى الصَّيْرَفِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّفَّارُ أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْبِرْتِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ أَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ الْعَوْفِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: "كَيْفَ أَنْعَمُ وَصَاحِبُ الصُّورِ قَدِ الْتَقَمَهُ، وَأَصْغَى سَمْعَهُ وَحَنَى جَبْهَتَهُ يَنْتَظِرُ مَتَى يُؤْمَرُ"؟ فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ: "قُولُوا حَسْبُنَا اللَّهُ وَنِعْمَ الْوَكِيلُ" (٣) . وَقَالَ أَبُو الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ: مَتَى يُؤْمَرُ بِالنَّفْخِ فَيَنْفُخُ.

(١) ساقط من "أ". (٢) أخرجه الترمذي في القيامة، باب ما جاء في الصور: ٧ / ١١٧، وقال: هذا حديث حسن صحيح، وقد رواه غير واحد عن سليمان التيمي، ولا نعرفه إلا من حديثه، وأخرجه أيضا في التفسير: ٩ / ١١٦. وأخرجه الدارمي في الرقاق، باب في نفخ الصور: ٢ / ٣٢٥، وصححه الحاكم: ٢ / ٥٠٦، و٤ / ٥٦٠ ووافقه الذهبي. وابن حبان ص (٦٣٧) من موارد الظمآن، والإمام أحمد في المسند: ٢ / ١٦٢، ١٩٦. (٣) حديث صحيح أخرجه الترمذي في صفة القيامة، باب ما جاء في الصور: ٧ / ١١٧-١١٨ وقال هذا حديث حسن، وقد روي من غير هذا الوجه عن عطية عن أبي سعيد عن النبي ﷺ نحوه، وأخرجه في تفسير سورة الزمر: ٩ / ١١٦، وصححه الحاكم من حديث ابن عباس: ٤ / ٥٥٩، وابن حبان ص (٦٣٧) ، وأخرجه الإمام أحمد في المسند: ٤ / ٣٧٤ من حديث زيد بن أرقم. قال الحافظ ابن حجر في الفتح: وأخرجه الطبراني من حديث زيد بن أرقم، وابن مردويه من حديث أبي هريرة، وأحمد والبيهقي من حديث ابن عباس ... وفي أسانيد كل منها مقال". وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة:" ١٥ / ١٠٣ وقال: هذا حديث حسن.