Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (1/90)

“And when We saved you from Pharaoh’s people, who subjected you to the worst punishment: slaughtering your sons and sparing your women. In that was a tremendous trial from your Lord. (49) And when We parted the sea for you, saved you, and drowned Pharaoh’s people while you looked on. (50)”

“And when We saved you”: that is, your forebears and ancestors. He counted it as a favour bestowed upon them because they were saved through their salvation. “From Pharaoh’s people”: that is, his followers and those of his religion. Pharaoh was al-Walid ibn Musʿab ibn al-Rayyan. He was one of the Coptic Amalekites and lived for more than four hundred years. “Who subjected you”: that is, they imposed upon you and made you suffer. “The worst punishment”: the most severe and most wretched punishment. It was also said: they subjected you to punishment in one way at one time and in another way at another, like camels let loose to graze in the open country. This was because Pharaoh made the Children of

﴿وَإِذْ نَجَّيْنَاكُمْ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَسُومُونَكُمْ سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ يُذَبِّحُونَ أَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَيَسْتَحْيُونَ نِسَاءَكُمْ وَفِي ذَلِكُمْ بَلَاءٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ عَظِيمٌ (٤٩) وَإِذْ فَرَقْنَا بِكُمُ الْبَحْرَ فَأَنْجَيْنَاكُمْ وَأَغْرَقْنَا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ وَأَنْتُمْ تَنْظُرُونَ (٥٠) ﴾ ﴿وَإِذْ نَجَّيْنَاكُمْ﴾ يَعْنِي: أَسْلَافَكُمْ وَأَجْدَادَكُمْ فَاعْتَدَّهَا مِنَّةً عَلَيْهِمْ لِأَنَّهُمْ نَجَوْا بِنَجَاتِهِمْ ﴿مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ﴾ أَتْبَاعِهِ وَأَهْلِ دِينِهِ، وَفِرْعَوْنُ هُوَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ الرَّيَّانِ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْقِبْطِ الْعَمَالِيقِ وَعُمِّرَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَرْبَعِمِائَةِ سَنَةٍ ﴿يَسُومُونَكُمْ﴾ يُكَلِّفُونَكُمْ وَيُذِيقُونَكُمْ، ﴿سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ﴾ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ وَأَسْوَأَهُ وَقِيلَ: يَصْرِفُونَكُمْ فِي الْعَذَابِ مَرَّةً هَكَذَا وَمَرَّةً هَكَذَا كَالْإِبِلِ السَّائِمَةِ فِي الْبَرِّيَّةِ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ جَعْلَ بَنِي