Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (3/105)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

It was revealed concerning Shurayh ibn Dubay‘ah al-Bakri (1) and Hajjaj ibn Bakr ibn Wa’il (2). So fear Allah, and do not molest the pilgrims, even if they are polytheists. The account has already been mentioned at the beginning of the surah: “O people of understanding, so that you may prosper.”

“O believers! Do not ask about matters which, if disclosed to you, would distress you. Yet if you ask about them while the Quran is being revealed, they will be disclosed to you. Allah has pardoned you for them. And Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Forbearing.” (101)

Allah, exalted is He, says: “O believers! Do not ask about matters which, if disclosed to you, would distress you”—to the end of the verse.

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il informed us; Hafs ibn Umar informed us; Hisham informed us, from Qatadah, from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: They kept questioning the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, until they pressed him excessively with their questions. He became angry, mounted the pulpit, and said, “Whatever you ask me about today, I will make it clear to you.”

I began looking to my right and to my left, and every man had wrapped his head in his garment and was weeping. Then a man who, whenever he quarrelled with others, would be called by a name other than that of his father, said, “O Messenger of Allah, who is my father?” He said, “Hudhafah.”

Then Umar spoke up and said, “We are content with Allah as our Lord, with Islam as our religion, and with Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, as our Messenger. We seek refuge in Allah from trials.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, then said, “Never have I seen anything like what I saw today, in good and evil. Paradise and Hell were shown to me, until I saw them behind the wall.” Qatadah would cite, in connection with this hadith, this verse: “O believers! Do not ask about matters which, if disclosed to you, would distress you.” (3)

Yunus related from Ibn Shihab: Ubayd Allah ibn Abd Allah informed me that the mother of Abd Allah ibn Hudhafah said to Abd Allah ibn Hudhafah, “I have never heard of a son more undutiful than you. Were you not afraid that your mother might have committed some of the deeds committed by the women of the pre-Islamic era, thereby exposing her before all people?” Abd Allah ibn Hudhafah said, “By Allah, had he ascribed me to a black slave, I would have accepted that lineage.” (4)

It is also related from Umar that he said, “O Messenger of Allah, we have only recently left the pre-Islamic era behind, so pardon us; may Allah pardon you.” Thereupon, his anger subsided.

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il informed us; al-Fadl ibn Sahl informed us; Abu al-Nadr informed us; Abu Khaythamah informed us; Abu Juwayriyyah informed us, from Ibn Abbas, who said: He used to

(1) In manuscript A: “Duba'ah”; this is an error. (2) See above, the occasion of revelation for the second verse of the surah, pp. 7-8. (3) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Fitan (Tribulations), chapter: “Seeking Refuge from Tribulations,” 13:43; and by Muslim in al-Fada'il (Virtues), chapter: “Venerating him, peace and blessings be upon him, and refraining from excessive questioning about matters that are not necessary,” no. 2359, 4:1833-1834. The meaning of ahfawhu is: they persisted and went to excess in pressing him. The verbs ahfa, alhaffa, and alahha have the same meaning. Laha means to dispute and argue; ansha'a means: he began. (4) See Sahih Muslim in the previously cited passage.

نَزَلَتْ فِي شُرَيْحِ بْنِ [ضُبَيْعَةَ] (١) الْبَكْرِيِّ، وَحَجَّاجِ بْنِ بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ (٢) ﴿فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ﴾ وَلَا تَتَعَرَّضُوا لِلْحُجَّاجِ وَإِنْ كَانُوا مُشْرِكِينَ، وَقَدْ مَضَتِ الْقِصَّةُ فِي أَوَّلِ السُّورَةِ، ﴿يَا أُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ﴾ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لا تَسْأَلُوا عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ وَإِنْ تَسْأَلُوا عَنْهَا حِينَ يُنَزَّلُ الْقُرْآنُ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهَا وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ (١٠١) قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَسْأَلُوا عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ﴾ الْآيَةَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمُلَيْحِيُّ أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ أَنَا هِشَامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ﵁: سَأَلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى أَحْفَوْهُ بِالْمَسْأَلَةِ، فَغَضِبَ فَصَعِدَ الْمِنْبَرَ فَقَالَ: "لَا تَسْأَلُونِي الْيَوْمَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا بَيَّنْتُهُ لَكُمْ"، فَجَعَلْتُ أَنْظُرُ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا فَإِذَا كَانَ رَجُلٌ لَافٌّ رَأْسَهُ فِي ثَوْبِهِ يَبْكِي، فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ كَانَ إِذَا لَاحَى الرِّجَالُ يُدْعَى لِغَيْرِ أَبِيهِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَبِي؟ قَالَ "حُذَافَةُ": ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا، وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا، وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ رَسُولًا نَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ مِنَ الْفِتَنِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "مَا رَأَيْتُ فِي الْخَيْرِ وَالشَّرِّ كَالْيَوْمِ قَطُّ، إِنِّي صُوِّرَتْ لِيَ الْجَنَّةُ وَالنَّارُ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُهُمَا وَرَاءَ الْحَائِطِ"، وَكَانَ قَتَادَةُ يَذْكُرُ عِنْدَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ ﴿يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَسْأَلُوا عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ إِنْ تُبْدَ لَكُمْ تَسُؤْكُمْ﴾ (٣) . قَالَ يُونُسُ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ: أَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَتْ أُمُّ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنُ حُذَافَةَ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ: مَا سَمِعْتُ بِابْنٍ قَطُّ أَعَقَّ مِنْكَ، أَأَمِنْتَ أَنْ تَكُونَ أمك قد فارقت بَعْضَ مَا تُقَارِفُ نِسَاءُ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَتَفْضَحَهَا عَلَى أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ؟ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حُذَافَةَ وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَلْحَقَنِي بِعَبْدٍ أَسْوَدَ لَلَحِقْتُهُ (٤) . وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عُمَرَ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّا حَدِيثُو عَهْدٍ بِجَاهِلِيَّةٍ فَاعْفُ عَنَّا يَعْفُ اللَّهُ ﷾ عَنْكَ، فَسَكَنَ غَضَبُهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمُلَيْحِيُّ أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو النَّضْرِ أَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ أَنَا أَبُو جُوَيْرِيَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ

(١) في "أ": (ضبعة) وهو خطأ. (٢) انظر فيما سلف، سبب نزول الآية الثانية من السورة، ص (٧-٨) . (٣) أخرجه البخاري في الفتن، باب التعوذ من الفتن: ١٣ / ٤٣، ومسلم في الفضائل، باب توقيره ﷺ وترك إكثار سؤاله عما لا ضرورة إليه، برقم (٢٣٥٩) : ٤ / ١٨٣٣-١٨٣٤. ومعنى أَحْفَوه: أي أكثروا في الإلحاح والمبالغة فيه. يقال: أحفى وألحف وألحَّ، بمعنى. و"لاحى": من الملاحاة وهي المماراة والمجادلة. و"أنشأ": أي ابتدأ. (٤) انظر: صحيح مسلم في الموضع السابق.