Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (3/37)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

They said, “O Moses, we will never enter it as long as they remain there. So go—you and your Lord—and fight; we will remain here.” (24)

He said, “My Lord, I have authority over none but myself and my brother; so separate us from the defiantly disobedient people.” (25)

He said, “It is forbidden to them for forty years, during which they will wander through the land. So do not grieve over the defiantly disobedient people.” (26)

“They said, ‘O Moses, we will never enter it as long as they remain there. So go—you and your Lord—and fight; we will remain here, sitting.’” ‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il informed us; Abu Nu‘aym informed us; Isra’il narrated from Mukhariq, from Tariq ibn Shihab, who said: I heard Ibn Mas‘ud say: “I witnessed an occasion involving al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad which I would have preferred to have been part of than anything else. He came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while he was supplicating against the polytheists, and said: ‘We shall not say as the people of Moses, peace be upon him, said: “Go—you and your Lord—and fight.” Rather, we shall fight on your right and on your left, before you and behind you.’” I saw the Prophet’s face light up, and he was delighted by what he said. (1)

When the Children of Israel committed their disobedience to their Lord’s command and showed hostile intent toward Joshua and Caleb, Moses, peace be upon him, became angry and prayed against them.

“He said, ‘My Lord, I have authority over none but myself and my brother.’” It was said: Its meaning is that my brother ⦗104/b⦘ has authority over none but himself. It was also said: Its meaning is that none obeys me except myself and my brother. (2) “So separate”: that is, distinguish. “Between us”: it was said, meaning, judge between us. “And the defiantly disobedient people”: that is, the disobedient.

Allah, exalted is He, said: “It is forbidden to them.” It was said: The statement ends here, meaning that town is forbidden

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Maghazi (The Book of Military Expeditions), chapter: “idh tastaghithuna rabbakum...” (when you appealed to your Lord for help), 7/287. (2) Omitted from manuscript “B”.

﴿قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَهَا أَبَدًا مَا دَامُوا فِيهَا فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَاتِلا إِنَّا هَا هُنَا (٢٤) قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لَا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَأَخِي فَافْرُقْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ (٢٥) قَالَ فَإِنَّهَا مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً يَتِيهُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَا تَأْسَ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ (٢٦) ﴾ ﴿قَالُوا يَا مُوسَى إِنَّا لَنْ نَدْخُلَهَا أَبَدًا مَا دَامُوا فِيهَا فَاذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَاتِلا إِنَّا هَاهُنَا قَاعِدُونَ﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمُلَيْحِيُّ أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ أَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ عَنْ مُخَارِقٍ عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ يَقُولُ: لَقَدْ شَهِدْتُ مِنَ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ مَشْهَدًا لَأَنْ أَكُونَ صَاحِبَهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِمَّا عُدِلَ بِهِ، أَتَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَدْعُو عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَقَالَ: لَا نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ قَوْمُ مُوسَى ﵇: "اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَاتِلَا" وَلَكِنَّا نُقَاتِلُ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَعَنْ شِمَالِكَ وَبَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَمِنْ خَلْفِكَ، فَرَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَشْرَقَ وَجْهُهُ وَسَرَّهُ مَا قَالَ (١) . فَلَمَّا فَعَلَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ مَا فَعَلَتْ مِنْ مُخَالَفَتِهِمْ أَمْرَ رَبِّهِمْ وَهَمِّهِمْ بِيُوشَعَ وَكَالِبَ غَضِبَ مُوسَى ﵇ وَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ. ﴿قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي لَا أَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَأَخِي﴾ [قِيلَ: معناه وأخي ١٠٤/ب لَا يَمْلِكُ إِلَّا نَفْسَهُ، وَقِيلَ: مَعْنَاهُ لَا يُطِيعُنِي إِلَّا نَفْسِي وَأَخِي] (٢) ﴿فَافْرُقْ﴾ فَافْصِلْ، ﴿بَيْنَنَا﴾ قِيلَ: فَاقْضِ بَيْنَنَا، ﴿وَبَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ الْفَاسِقِينَ﴾ الْعَاصِينَ. قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَإِنَّهَا مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَيْهِمْ﴾ قِيلَ: هَاهُنَا تَمَّ الْكَلَامُ مَعْنَاهُ تِلْكَ الْبَلْدَةُ مُحَرَّمَةٌ

(١) أخرجه البخاري في المغازي، باب قول الله تعالى "إذ تستغيثون ربكم ... " ٧ / ٢٨٧. (٢) ساقط من "ب".