Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (1/74)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and Qatadah said: “Resembling one another in quality”—that is, all of them are excellent, with no inferior kind among them. Muhammad ibn Ka'b said: They resemble the fruit of this world, except that they are more delicious. It was also said: They are alike in name but differ in taste. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “Nothing in this world resembles what is in Paradise except the names.”

Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Salihi informed us; Abu Sa'id Muhammad ibn Musa al-Sayrafi informed us; Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Saffar informed us; Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Isa al-Barti informed us; Muhammad ibn Kathir informed us; Sufyan al-Thawri informed us, from al-A'mash, from Abu Sufyan, from Jabir ibn Abdullah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The people of Paradise will eat and drink, but they will neither urinate, defecate, blow their noses, nor spit. They will be inspired to praise Allah and glorify Him just as you are inspired to breathe. Their food will be digested by belching, and their perspiration will be musk.” (1)

His saying, exalted is He, “and they will have therein”—that is, in the gardens—“purified spouses”: women and maidens, namely the hur al-'in (wide-eyed maidens of Paradise), purified from excrement, urine, menstruation, postnatal bleeding, saliva, nasal mucus, semen, childbearing, and every impurity. Ibrahim al-Nakha'i said: “In Paradise there will be intercourse as much as one wishes, but no children.” Al-Hasan said: They are your elderly women, blear-eyed and weak-sighted, who have been purified of the impurities of this world. It was also said: purified of bad character. “And they will abide therein forever”: they will remain there perpetually; they will neither die therein nor leave it.

Abu Amr Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Malihi informed us; Abu Hamid Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Na'imi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Firabri informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma'il al-Bukhari informed us; Qutaybah ibn Sa'id informed us; Jarir informed us, from Umarah, from Abu Zur'ah, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Indeed, the first company to enter Paradise will be like the moon on the night of its fullness. Then those who follow them will be like the most radiant shining star in the sky. They will neither urinate nor defecate, nor spit nor blow their noses. Their combs will be of gold, their perspiration will be musk, and their incense burners will contain aloeswood. (2) Their spouses will be the wide-eyed maidens of Paradise. They will all be of one form, in the image of their father Adam, sixty cubits tall.” (3)

Abd al-Wahid al-Malihi informed us; Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Shurayh informed us; Abu al-Qasim al-Baghawi informed us; Ali ibn al-Ja'd informed us; Fudayl—who was Ibn Marzuq—informed us, from Atiyyah, from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “The first company to enter Paradise on the Day of Resurrection will have faces like the moon on the night of its fullness, and the second company will have the complexion of the finest stars in the sky. Each man among them will have two wives, and each wife will wear seventy garments; the marrow of their calves will be visible through their flesh, blood, and garments.” (4)

(1) Reported by Muslim in The Book of Paradise, Its Delights, and Its Inhabitants, chapter: “On the Description of Paradise and Its Inhabitants,” no. 2835, 4:2180. The compiler also included it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:212. (2) That is, their incense is oud, unmixed with other perfume. See Al-Nihayah, 1:63. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari in The Book of the Beginning of Creation, chapter: “What Has Been Related Regarding the Description of Paradise and That It Has Been Created,” 6:318; and by Muslim in The Book of Paradise and the Description of Its Inhabitants, chapter: “The First Company to Enter Paradise,” no. 2834, 4:2178. The compiler also included it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:211. (4) Reported by al-Tirmidhi in The Description of Paradise, chapter: “What Has Been Related Regarding the Description of the Women of the People of Paradise,” 7:239-241. He said: “This hadith is hasan sahih.” Atiyyah al-Awfi is weak, while the rest of its narrators are trustworthy. See Mizan al-I'tidal, 3:79. Al-Haythami also cited it on the authority of Ibn Masud and Abu Sa'id, stating: “Al-Tirmidhi narrated it in abbreviated form, and al-Tabarani narrated it in Al-Awsat. The chain of Ibn Masud is authentic; in the chain of Abu Sa'id is Atiyyah, whom the majority deem weak. Al-Bazzar narrated only the hadith of Ibn Masud.” See Majma al-Zawaid, 10:411-412. The compiler also included it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:212.

وَقَتَادَةُ: مُتَشَابِهًا. أَيْ يُشْبِهُ بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا فِي الْجَوْدَةِ، أَيْ كُلُّهَا خِيَارٌ لَا رَذَالَةَ فِيهَا. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: يُشْبِهُ ثَمَرَ الدُّنْيَا غَيْرَ أَنَّهَا أَطْيَبُ. وَقِيلَ مُتَشَابِهًا فِي الِاسْمِ مُخْتَلِفًا فِي الطَّعْمِ. قَالَ: ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: لَيْسَ فِي الدُّنْيَا مِمَّا فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا الْأَسَامِي. أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى الصَّيْرَفِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّفَّارُ أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عِيسَى الْبَرْتِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ أَنَا سُفْيَانُ الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ يَأْكُلُونَ وَيَشْرَبُونَ وَلَا يَبُولُونَ وَلَا يَتَغَوَّطُونَ وَلَا يَمْتَخِطُونَ وَلَا يَبْزُقُونَ، يُلْهَمُونَ الْحَمْدَ وَالتَّسْبِيحَ، كَمَا تُلْهَمُونَ النَّفَسَ، طَعَامُهُمُ الْجُشَاءُ، وَرَشْحُهُمُ الْمِسْكُ" (١) قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى ﴿وَلَهُمْ فِيهَا﴾ فِي الْجِنَانِ ﴿أَزْوَاجٌ﴾ نِسَاءٌ وَجِوَارِي يَعْنِي مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ ﴿مُطَهَّرَةٌ﴾ مِنَ الْغَائِطِ، وَالْبَوْلِ، وَالْحَيْضِ، وَالنِّفَاسِ، وَالْبُصَاقِ، وَالْمُخَاطِ وَالْمَنِيِّ، وَالْوَلَدِ، وَكُلُّ قَذَرٍ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ النَّخَعِيُّ: فِي الْجَنَّةِ جِمَاعٌ مَا شِئْتَ وَلَا وَلَدَ. وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: هُنَّ عَجَائِزُكُمُ الْغُمْصُ الْعُمْشُ طُهِّرْنَ مِنْ قَذَرَاتِ الدُّنْيَا. وَقِيلَ: مُطَهَّرَةٌ عَنْ مَسَاوِئِ الْأَخْلَاقِ ﴿وَهُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ﴾ دَائِمُونَ لَا يَمُوتُونَ فِيهَا وَلَا يَخْرُجُونَ مِنْهَا. أَنَا أَبُو عَمْرٍو عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْفَرَبْرِيُّ، أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ أَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، أَنَا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ عُمَارَةَ عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "إِنَّ أَوَّلَ زُمْرَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ عَلَى صُورَةِ الْقَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ، ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ عَلَى أَشَدِّ كَوْكَبٍ دُرِّيٍّ فِي السَّمَاءِ إِضَاءَةً لَا يَبُولُونَ وَلَا يَتَغَوَّطُونَ، وَلَا يَتْفُلُونَ وَلَا يَمْتَخِطُونَ، أَمْشَاطُهُمُ الذَّهَبُ، وَرَشْحُهُمُ الْمِسْكُ وَمَجَامِرُهُمُ الْأَلُوَّةُ (٢) وَأَزْوَاجُهُمُ الْحُورُ الْعِينُ، عَلَى خَلْقِ رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ، عَلَى صُورَةِ أَبِيهِمْ آدَمَ سِتُّونَ ذِرَاعًا فِي السَّمَاءِ" (٣) . أَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ أَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ أَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْجَعْدِ أَنَا فُضَيْلٌ هُوَ ابْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ عَنْ عَطِيَّةَ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَوَّلُ زُمْرَةٍ تَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ صُورَةُ وُجُوهِهِمْ مِثْلُ صُورَةِ الْقَمَرِ لَيْلَةَ الْبَدْرِ، وَالزُّمْرَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ عَلَى لَوْنِ أَحْسَنِ الْكَوَاكِبِ فِي السَّمَاءِ لِكُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ زَوْجَتَانِ، عَلَى كُلِّ زَوْجَةٍ سَبْعُونَ حُلَّةً، يرى مخ سوقهم دُونَ لُحُومِهَا وَدِمَائِهَا وَحُلَلِهَا" (٤) .

(١) أخرجه مسلم في الجنة وصفة نعيمها وأهلها، باب في صفات الجنة وأهلها برقم (٢٨٣٥) ٤ / ٢١٨٠. وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢١٢. (٢) أي بخورهم العود غير مطراة / النهاية ١ / ٦٣. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في بدء الخلق، باب ما جاء في صفة الجنة وأنها مخلوقة: ٦ / ٣١٨، ومسلم في الجنة وصفة أهلها، باب أول زمرة تدخل الجنة، برقم (٢٨٣٤) : ٤ / ٢١٧٨ وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢١١. (٤) أخرجه الترمذي في صفة الجنة، باب ما جاء في صفة نساء أهل الجنة: ٧ / ٢٣٩-٢٤١، وقال: هذا حديث حسن صحيح. وعطية العوفي ضعيف، وبقية رجاله ثقات. انظر ميزان الاعتدال ٣ / ٧٩ وذكره الهيثمي عن ابن مسعود وأبي سعيد وقال: رواه الترمذي باختصار، ورواه الطبراني في الأوسط وإسناد ابن مسعود صحيح، وفي إسناد أبي سعيد: عطية، والأكثر على تضعيفه، وروى البزار حديث ابن مسعود فقط. مجمع الزوائد: ١٠ / ٤١١-٤١٢. وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢١٢.