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had left a suit of armor in the keeping of Tu'mah, but Tu'mah denied it. So Allah, Exalted is He, revealed this verse (1). He said: “Indeed, We have revealed to you the Book in truth,” containing commands, prohibitions, and decisive judgment, “so that you may judge between people by what Allah has shown you,” that is, by what Allah has taught you and revealed to you; “and do not be an advocate for the treacherous”—[Tu'mah] (2)—assisting him or defending him.
(1) See al-Tabari, 9:183. Al-Tirmidhi narrated it at length in his commentary on Surat al-Nisa, 8:395-399, through Muhammad ibn Salamah, from Ibn Ishaq, from Asim ibn Umar ibn Qatadah, from his father, from his grandfather Qatadah ibn al-Numan. Al-Tirmidhi said: “It is gharib (uncommon), and we know of no one who narrated it with a connected chain from Ibn Ishaq except Muhammad ibn Salamah al-Harrani. Yunus and several others narrated it from Ibn Ishaq, from Asim, as a mursal (chainless) report.” Al-Hakim also narrated it in al-Mustadrak, 4:385-388, and said: “This hadith is authentic according to the criteria of Muslim, though neither of them recorded it.” Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi also attributes it to Ibn al-Mundhir and Abu al-Shaykh al-Asbahani.
(2) Omitted from manuscript A.
السَّمِينَ أَوْدَعَ دِرْعًا عِنْدَ طُعْمَةَ فَجَحَدَهَا طُعْمَةُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ (١) ، فَقَالَ: ﴿إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ﴾ بِالْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ وَالْفَصْلِ، ﴿لِتَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِمَا أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ﴾ بِمَا عَلَّمَكَ اللَّهُ وَأَوْحَى إِلَيْكَ، ﴿وَلَا تَكُنْ لِلْخَائِنِينَ﴾ [طُعْمَةَ] (٢) ﴿خَصِيمًا﴾ مُعِينًا مُدَافِعًا عَنْهُ.
(١) انظر: الطبري: ٩ / ١٨٣، وأخرجه الترمذي مطولا في تفسير سورة النساء: ٨ / ٣٩٥ - ٣٩٩ من رواية محمد بن سلمة عن ابن إسحاق عن عاصم بن عمر بن قتادة عن أبيه عن جده قتادة بن النعمان، وقال الترمذي: غريب، ولا نعلم أسنده عن ابن إسحاق إلا محمد بن سلمة الحراني، ورواه يونس وغير واحد عن ابن إسحاق عن عاصم مرسلا. وأخرجه الحاكم في المستدرك: ٤ / ٣٨٥ - ٣٨٨ وقال هذا حديث صحيح على شرط مسلم ولم يخرجاه، وعزاه في تحفة الأحوذي أيضا لابن المنذر وأبي الشيخ الأصبهاني.
(٢) ساقط من (أ) .