“They will confess their sin.” In another situation, they will not question one another; in yet another, they will ask to be returned to the world. The last (1) of these situations will be when their mouths are sealed and their limbs speak. This is meant by His saying, exalted is He: “Nor will they conceal from Allah any statement.” 86/a

“O believers! Do not approach prayer while intoxicated until you are aware of what you are saying, nor while in a state of major ritual impurity—unless merely passing through—until you have bathed. But if you are ill, on a journey, have relieved yourselves, or have been intimate with women, and cannot find water, then purify yourselves with clean earth, wiping your faces and hands with it. Surely Allah is Ever-Pardoning, All-Forgiving.” (4:43)

His saying, glorified and exalted is He, “O believers! Do not approach prayer while intoxicated,” to the end of the verse: according to the majority, intoxication here means intoxication from wine. This was because Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, may Allah be pleased with him, prepared some food and invited a number of the Prophet’s Companions. He brought them wine, which they drank before wine was prohibited, and they became intoxicated. Then the time for the Maghrib prayer came, so they put forward a man to lead them in prayer. He recited, “Say, O disbelievers,” then, “I worship what you worship,” omitting the word “not,” and continued in this manner to the end of the surah. Thereupon Allah, exalted is He, revealed this verse. After its revelation, they avoided intoxication at the times of prayer, until the prohibition of wine was revealed. (2)

Al-Dahhak ibn Muzahim said: What is meant is the intoxication of sleep. Thus, prayer is prohibited when one is overcome by sleep. Abu al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad informed us; Abu al-Qasim Jafar ibn Muhammad ibn al-Mughallis informed us; Harun ibn Ishaq al-Hamadhani informed us; Abadah ibn Sulayman informed us, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, from Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “If one of you becomes drowsy while praying, let him lie down until sleep has left him. For if one of you prays while drowsy, he may intend to seek forgiveness but instead abuse himself.” (3)

His saying, exalted is He, “until you are aware of what you are saying, nor while in a state of major ritual impurity”: the latter expression is in the accusative as a circumstantial qualifier. That is, do not approach prayer while you are in a state of major ritual impurity. It is said: a man in a state of major ritual impurity, a woman in a state of major ritual impurity, men in a state of major ritual impurity, and women in a state of major ritual impurity.