Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/215)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and an atom is a small red ant. It is also said that atoms are the particles of dust visible in an opening, each particle being an atom and having no weight. This is a figurative expression, meaning that Allah does not wrong anything, as He says elsewhere: “Indeed, Allah does not wrong people at all” (Yunus 10:44).

Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Salihi informed us; Abu Umar Bakr ibn Muhammad al-Muzani informed us; Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdullah al-Hafid informed us; al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl al-Bajali informed us; Affan informed us; Hammam informed us; Qatada informed us, from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Indeed, Allah does not wrong a believer with regard to any good deed. He is granted provision in this world as a reward for it, and he will be rewarded for it in the Hereafter.” He said: “As for the disbeliever, he is fed in this world for his good deeds, until, when he reaches the Hereafter, he will have no good deed for which he may be given any good.” (1)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu al-Tayyib al-Rabi ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Hatim al-Bazzar al-Tusi informed us; Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan informed us that Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to them: Abd al-Razzaq informed us. Abu سعيد Abdullah ibn Ahmad al-Tahiri informed us; my grandfather, Abu Sahl Abd al-Samad ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzar, informed us; Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyya al-Adhafiri informed us; Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-Dabari informed us; Abd al-Razzaq informed us; Mamar informed us, from Zayd ibn Aslam, from Ata ibn Yasar, from Abu Said al-Khudri, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:

“When the believers have been delivered from the Fire and are safe, none of you will plead more earnestly with Allah on behalf of his companion concerning a right that is due to him in this world than the believers will plead with their Lord concerning their brothers who were admitted into the Fire. They will say, ‘Our Lord, our brothers used to pray with us, fast with us, and perform pilgrimage with us, yet You have admitted them into the Fire.’ He will say, ‘Go and bring out those of them whom you recognize.’ So they will come to them and recognize them by their features, for the Fire will not consume their features. Among them will be those whom the Fire has reached halfway up their shins, and among them will be those whom it has reached up to their ankles. They will bring them out and say, ‘Our Lord, we have brought out those whom You commanded us to bring out.’

“Then He will say, ‘Bring out whoever has in his heart the weight of a dinar of faith,’ then whoever has in his heart the weight of half a dinar, until He says, ‘Whoever has in his heart an atom’s weight.’” Abu Said, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “Whoever does not believe this should recite this verse: ‘Indeed, Allah does not wrong anyone by as much as an atom’s weight. If there is a good deed, He multiplies it and grants from Himself a tremendous reward.’”

He said: “They will then say, ‘Our Lord, we have brought out those whom You commanded us to bring out, and no one in whom there is any good remains in the Fire.’ Then Allah, exalted is He, will say, ‘The angels have interceded, the prophets have interceded, and the believers have interceded; and the Most Merciful of those who show mercy remains.’ He will take a handful from the Fire—or, he said, two handfuls—of people who never did any good for Allah. They will have been burned until they have become charcoal. Then they will be brought to water called the Water of Life, which will be poured over them, and they will grow as a seed grows in the silt borne by a flood. Their bodies will emerge like pearls, with a seal upon their necks reading: ‘Allah’s freed ones.’ It will be said to them, ‘Enter Paradise. Whatever you desire or see of anything shall be yours.’ They will say, ‘Our Lord, You have given us what You have not given to anyone among all the worlds.’ He will say, ‘Yet I have something better than that for you.’ They will say, ‘Our Lord, what could be better than that?’ He will say, ‘My pleasure with you; I will never be angry with you again.’” (2)

(1) Muslim narrated it in Sifat al-Munafiqun (The Characteristics of the Hypocrites), in the chapter “The Believer’s Recompense for His Good Deeds,” no. 2808, 4:2162; and the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:310. (2) Al-Nasa'i narrated it in Kitab al-Iman (The Book of Faith), in the chapter “The Increase of Faith,” 8:112-113; Ibn Majah, in al-Muqaddimah (The Introduction), in the chapter “Concerning Faith,” no. 60, 1:23; Ahmad, in al-Musnad, 3:94; and the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:181-182.

وَالذَّرَّةُ: هِيَ النَّمْلَةُ الْحَمْرَاءُ الصَّغِيرَةُ، وَقِيلَ: الذَّرُّ أَجْزَاءُ الْهَبَاءِ فِي الْكُوَّةِ وَكُلُّ جُزْءٍ مِنْهَا ذَرَّةٌ وَلَا يَكُونُ لَهَا وَزْنٌ، وَهَذَا مَثَلٌ، يُرِيدُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ شَيْئًا، كَمَا قَالَ فِي آيَةٍ أُخْرَى: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ النَّاسَ شَيْئًا" (يُونُسَ ٤٤) أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو عُمَرَ بَكْرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمُزْنِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَفِيدُ، أَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْبَجَلِيُّ، أَنَا عَفَّانُ، أَنَا هَمَّامٌ، أَنَا قَتَادَةُ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ﵁ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمَ الْمُؤْمِنَ حَسَنَةً، يُثَابُ عَلَيْهَا الرِّزْقَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَيُجْزَى بِهَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ"، قَالَ: "وَأَمَّا الْكَافِرُ فَيُطَعِّمُ بِحَسَنَاتِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَفْضَى إِلَى الْآخِرَةِ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ يُعْطَى بِهَا خَيْرًا" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمُلَيْحِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو الطِّيبِ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ الْبَزَّارُ الطُّوسِيُّ، أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ، أَنْ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ يَحْيَى حَدَّثَهُمْ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطَّاهِرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَدِّي أَبُو سَهْلٍ عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَزَّارُ، أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا الْعَذَافِرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّبَرِيُّ أَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "إِذَا خَلَصَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ مِنَ النَّارِ وَأَمِنُوا، فَمَا مُجَادَلَةُ أَحَدِكُمْ لِصَاحِبِهِ فِي الْحَقِّ يَكُونُ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا بِأَشَدَّ مُجَادَلَةً مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لِرَبِّهِمْ فِي إِخْوَانِهِمُ الَّذِينَ أُدْخِلُو النَّارَ، قَالَ: يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا إِخْوَانَنَا كَانُوا يُصَلُّونَ مَعَنَا وَيَصُومُونَ مَعَنَا وَيَحُجُّونَ مَعَنَا فَأَدْخَلْتَهُمُ النَّارَ، قال: فيقول ذهبوا فَأَخْرِجُوا مَنْ عَرَفْتُمْ مِنْهُمْ فَيَأْتُونَهُمْ فَيَعْرِفُونَهُمْ بِصُوَرِهِمْ لَا تَأْكُلُ النَّارُ صُوَرَهُمْ فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَخَذَتْهُ النَّارُ إِلَى أَنْصَافِ سَاقَيْهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَخَذَتْهُ إِلَى كَعْبَيْهِ فَيُخْرِجُونَهُمْ، فَيَقُولُونَ: رَبَّنَا قَدْ أَخْرَجْنَا مَنْ أَمَرْتَنَا، قَالَ: ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَخْرِجُوا مَنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِهِ وَزْنُ دِينَارٍ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ، ثُمَّ مَنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِهِ وَزْنُ نِصْفِ دِينَارٍ، حَتَّى يَقُولَ: مَنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِهِ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ"، قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ﵁: فَمَنْ لَمْ يُصَدِّقْ هَذَا فَلْيَقْرَأْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَظْلِمُ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ وَإِنْ تَكُ حَسَنَةً يُضَاعِفْهَا وَيُؤْتِ مِنْ لَدُنْهُ أَجْرًا عَظِيمًا" قَالَ: فَيَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا قَدْ أَخْرَجْنَا مَنْ أَمَرْتَنَا فَلَمْ يَبْقَ فِي النَّارِ أَحَدٌ فِيهِ خَيْرٌ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ ﷿: شَفَعَتِ الْمَلَائِكَةُ، وَشَفَعَتِ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ، وَشَفَعَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ، وَبَقِيَ أَرْحَمُ الرَّاحِمِينَ، قَالَ: فَيَقْبِضُ قَبْضَةً مِنَ النَّارِ، أَوْ قَالَ: قَبْضَتَيْنِ لَمْ يَعْمَلُوا لِلَّهِ خَيْرًا قَطُّ قَدِ احْتَرَقُوا حَتَّى صَارُوا حُمَمًا فَيُؤْتَى بِهِمْ إِلَى مَاءٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ: مَاءُ الْحَيَاةِ فَيَصُبُّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَنْبُتُونَ كَمَا تَنْبُتُ الْحَبَّةُ فِي حَمِيلِ السَّيْلِ، قَالَ: فَتَخْرُجُ أَجْسَادُهُمْ مِثْلَ اللُّؤْلُؤِ فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمُ الْخَاتَمُ: عُتَقَاءُ اللَّهِ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: ادْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ فَمَا تَمَنَّيْتُمْ أَوْ رَأَيْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ لَكُمْ، قَالَ فَيَقُولُونَ: رَبَّنَا أَعْطَيْتَنَا مَا لَمْ تُعْطِ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْعَالَمِينَ، قَالَ: فَيَقُولُ فَإِنَّ لَكُمْ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهُ، فَيَقُولُونَ: رَبَّنَا وَمَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ فَيَقُولُ: "رِضَايَ عَنْكُمْ فَلَا أَسْخَطُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَبَدًا" (٢) .

(١) أخرجه مسلم في صفات المنافقين - باب جزاء المؤمن بحسناته. . برقم (٢٨٠٨) : ٤ / ٢١٦٢، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٣١٠. (٢) أخرجه النسائي في الإيمان، باب زيادة الإيمان ٨ / ١١٢ - ١١٣، وابن ماجه في المقدمة، باب في الإيمان برقم (٦٠) : ١ / ٢٣، وأحمد في المسند ٣ / ٩٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة ١٥ / ١٨١ - ١٨٢.