Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/157)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

for a month spent at home. Whoever dies while stationed in the way of Allah will continue to receive the same reward, his provision will continue to be granted to him, and he will be protected from the trialer.” (1)

Abu Salamah ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman said: “In the Prophet’s time, peace and blessings be upon him, there was no campaign in which people remained stationed; rather, it means waiting for one prayer after another.” Evidence for this interpretation is what Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Sarakhsi informed us: Zahir ibn Ahmad al-Faqih informed us; Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd al-Samad al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Mus‘ab informed us, from Malik, from al-‘Ala’ ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman, from his father, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Shall I not tell you of that by which Allah erases sins and raises ⦗77/a⦘ thereby in rank? Performing ablution thoroughly despite hardships, taking many steps to the mosques, and waiting for prayer after prayer: that is steadfast watchfulness; that is steadfast watchfulness.” (2)

“And fear Allah, so that you may prosper.” Some scholars of language said: “Be patient in prosperity; endure adversity and hardship; remain stationed in the land of the enemy; and fear the God of earth and heaven, so that you may prosper in the everlasting abode.”

(1) Reported by Muslim in the Book of Leadership, under the chapter “The Merit of Guarding the Frontier in the Path of Allah,” no. 1913, 3:1520, with the wording, “Guarding the frontier for a day and a night”; and by the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 10:352. Al-futtan is narrated with both a dammah and a fathah on the letter fa: with dammah, it is the plural of fatin, namely one who leads people astray from the truth and subjects them to tribulation; with fathah, it refers to Satan, because he turns people away from the religion. Fattan is an intensive form denoting the causing of tribulation. See al-Nihayah, 3:410. (2) Reported by Muslim in the Book of Purification, under the chapter “The Merit of Performing Ablution Thoroughly Despite Hardship,” no. 251, 1:219; and by the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 1:320.

شَهْرٍ مُقِيمٍ، وَمَنْ مَاتَ مُرَابِطًا جَرَى لَهُ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ الْأَجْرِ، وَأُجْرِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ، وَأَمِنَ مِنَ الْفَتَّانِ" (١) . وَقَالَ أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: لَمْ يَكُنْ فِي زَمَانِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ غَزْوٌ يُرَابَطُ فِيهِ، وَلَكِنَّهُ انْتِظَارُ الصَّلَاةِ خَلْفَ الصَّلَاةِ، وَدَلِيلُ هَذَا التَّأْوِيلِ مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْفَقِيهُ، أَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِمَا يَمْحُو اللَّهُ الخطايا ويرفع ٧٧/أبِهِ الدَّرَجَاتِ؟ إِسْبَاغُ الْوُضُوءِ عَلَى الْمَكَارِهِ، وَكَثْرَةُ الْخُطَا إِلَى الْمَسَاجِدِ، وَانْتِظَارُ الصَّلَاةِ بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ، فَذَلِكُمُ الرِّبَاطُ فَذَلِكُمُ الرِّبَاطُ" (٢) . ﴿وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ﴾ قَالَ بَعْضُ أَرْبَابِ اللِّسَانِ: اصْبِرُوا عَلَى النَّعْمَاءِ وَصَابِرُوا عَلَى الْبَأْسَاءِ وَالضَّرَّاءِ وَرَابِطُوا فِي دَارِ الْأَعْدَاءِ وَاتَّقُوا إِلَهَ الْأَرْضِ وَالسَّمَاءِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ فِي دَارِ الْبَقَاءِ.

(١) أخرجه مسلم في الإمارة، باب فضل الرباط في سبيل الله ﷿ برقم (١٩١٣) : ٣ / ١٥٢٠، بلفظ "رباط يوم وليلة" والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٠ / ٣٥٢. والفتان: يروي بضم الفاء وفتحها، فالضم جمع فاتن وهو الذي يضل الناس عن الحق ويفتنهم وبالفتح هو الشيطان، لأنه يفتن الناس عن الدين، وفتان: من أبنية المبالغة في الفتنة. انظر: النهاية: ٣ / ٤١٠. (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الطهارة - باب فضل إسباغ الوضوء على المكاره برقم (٢٥١) : ١ / ٢١٩، المصنف في شرح السنة: ١ / ٣٢٠.