Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/151)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Sa'id ibn Jubayr said: “They were the Jews. They rejoiced in what Allah had bestowed upon the family of Abraham, although they had nothing to do with it.” (1)

Qatadah and Muqatil said: “The Jews of Khaybar came to the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and said, ‘We recognize you, affirm your truthfulness, share your view, and will support you.’ Yet this was not in their hearts. When they left, the Muslims asked them, ‘What did you do?’ They replied, ‘We recognized him and affirmed his truthfulness.’ The Muslims said to them, ‘Well done; continue in this way.’ So they praised them and supplicated for them, whereupon Allah Most High revealed this verse.” (2)

Regarding His words, “They rejoice in what they have done,” al-Farra' said: It means, “what they have done,” just as Allah Most High says: “You have certainly done a monstrous thing” (Maryam 19:27)—that is, “you have done [such a thing].”

“And they love to be praised for what they have not done. So do not think that they will escape the punishment”—that is, will be saved from it—“and theirs will be a painful punishment.”

“To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and Allah is over all things competent. Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of night and day are signs for people of understanding.”

“To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth”: He disposes of them as He wills. “And Allah is over all things competent.”

“Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of night and day are signs for people of understanding.”

Imam Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Qadi informed us; Abu Nu'aym Abd al-Malik ibn al-Husayn al-Isfarayini informed us; Abu Awanah Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Hafiz informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd al-Jabbar informed us; Ibn Fudayl informed us, from Husayn ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Habib ibn Abi Thabit, from Muhammad ibn Ali ibn Abdullah ibn Abbas, from his father, from Abdullah ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, that he spent the night with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and saw him awaken. He then cleaned his teeth with a tooth-stick and performed ablution, saying, “Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth,” until he completed the surah. Then he stood and prayed two rak'ahs, prolonging the standing, bowing, and prostration in them. He then finished and slept until he began to snore. He did this three times, making six rak'ahs in all. Each time, he would clean his teeth with a tooth-stick, perform ablution, and recite these verses. Then he performed three rak'ahs of witr. The caller to prayer then came to him, and he went out for the prayer, saying: “O Allah, place light in my sight, light in my hearing, and light upon my tongue. Place light behind me and before me; place light above me and beneath me. O Allah, grant me light.” (3)

Kuraib also narrated it from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, adding: “O Allah, place light in my heart, light in my sight, light in my hearing, light to my right, and light to my left.” (4)

(1) Tafsir al-Tabari, 7:469. (2) Al-Tabari, 7:471. Al-Tabari considered the intended people to be the People of the Book, concerning whom Allah informed that He had taken their covenant: that they should make known to people the matter of Muhammad and not conceal it. See ibid., pp. 471-472. (3) Transmitted by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Da'awat (Book of Supplications), chapter: “The supplication upon waking at night,” 11:116, with similar wording; and by Muslim in Kitab Salat al-Musafirin (Prayer of Travelers), chapter: “Supplication and standing in the night prayer,” no. 763, 1:530. The wording is Muslim's. (4) Muslim, in the same place, 1:529.

وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: هُمُ الْيَهُودُ فَرِحُوا بِمَا أَعْطَى اللَّهُ آلَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَهُمْ بُرَآءُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ (١) . وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ وَمُقَاتِلٌ: أَتَتْ يَهُودُ خَيْبَرَ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا: نَحْنُ نَعْرِفُكَ وَنُصَدِّقُكَ وَإِنَّا عَلَى رَأْيِكُمْ وَنَحْنُ لَكُمْ رِدْءٌ، وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا قَالَ لَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ: مَا صَنَعْتُمْ؟ قَالُوا: عَرَفْنَاهُ وَصَدَّقْنَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ: أَحْسَنْتُمْ هَكَذَا فَافْعَلُوا فَحَمِدُوهُمْ وَدَعَوْا لَهُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ (٢) وَقَالَ: ﴿يَفْرَحُونَ بِمَا أَتَوْا﴾ قَالَ الْفَرَّاءُ بِمَا فَعَلُوا كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: "لَقَدْ جِئْتِ شَيْئًا فَرِيًّا" (مَرْيَمَ -٢٧) أَيْ: فَعَلْتِ، ﴿وَيُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يُحْمَدُوا بِمَا لَمْ يَفْعَلُوا فَلَا تَحْسَبَنَّهُمْ بِمَفَازَةٍ﴾ بِمَنْجَاةٍ، ﴿مِنَ الْعَذَابِ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ﴾ ﴿وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ (١٨٩) إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ (١٩٠) ﴾ ﴿وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ﴾ يَصْرِفُهَا كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ، ﴿وَاللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ﴾ ﴿إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ لَآيَاتٍ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ﴾ أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاضِي، أَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بن الحسين الإسفرايني، أَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْحَافِظُ، أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ، أَنَا ابْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ حُصَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄ أَنَّهُ رَقَدَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَرَآهُ اسْتَيْقَظَ فَتَسَوَّكَ ثُمَّ تَوَضَّأَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: ﴿إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ﴾ حَتَّى خَتَمَ السُّورَةَ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَأَطَالَ فِيهِمَا الْقِيَامَ وَالرُّكُوعَ وَالسُّجُودَ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَنَامَ حَتَّى نَفَخَ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ سِتَّ رَكَعَاتٍ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَسْتَاكُ ثُمَّ يَتَوَضَّأُ ثُمَّ يَقْرَأُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ، ثُمَّ أَوْتَرَ بِثَلَاثِ رَكَعَاتٍ ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: "اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فِي بَصَرِي نُورًا وَفِي سَمْعِي نُورًا وَفِي لِسَانِي نُورًا وَاجْعَلْ خَلْفِي نُورًا وَأَمَامِي نُورًا وَاجْعَلْ مِنْ فَوْقِي نُورًا وَمِنْ تَحْتِي نُورًا اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِنِي نُورًا" (٣) . وَرَوَاهُ كُرَيْبٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄ وَزَادَ: "اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ فِي قَلْبِي نُورًا وَفِي بَصَرِي نُورًا وَفِي سَمْعِي نُورًا وَعَنْ يَمِينِي نُورًا وَعَنْ يَسَارِي نُورًا" (٤) .

(١) تفسير الطبري: ٧ / ٤٦٩. (٢) الطبري: ٧ / ٤٧١. وقد رجح الطبري أن المعني بهم أهل الكتاب الذين أخبر الله ﷿ أنه أخذ ميثاقهم ليبين للناس: أمر محمد ﷺ ولا يكتمونه. انظر ص ٤٧١ - ٤٧٢ منه. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في الدعوات باب الدعاء إذا انتبه من الليل: ١١ / ١١٦ بنحوه ومسلم في صلاة المسافرين باب الدعاء في صلاة الليل وقيامه برقم (٧٦٣) : ١ / ٥٣٠ واللفظ له. (٤) مسلم في الموضع نفسه: ١ / ٥٢٩.