Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/127)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And whoever defrauds shall bring forth what he took unlawfully on the Day of Resurrection.” Al-Kalbi said: That object will appear before him in the Fire, and he will be told, “Go down and take it.” He will descend and carry it upon his back; but when he reaches his place, it will fall into the Fire. Then he will be commanded to descend for it and bring it out, and this will be done to him.

Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad al-Faqih informed us; Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Samad al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Musab informed us, from Malik, from Thawr ibn Zayd al-Dayli, from Abu al-Ghayth, the freedman of Ibn Muti', from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said:

We went out with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, in the year of Khaybar, and we acquired neither gold nor silver as booty, only livestock, clothing, and goods. He said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, then set out toward Wadi al-Qura. Rifa'ah ibn Zayd had given the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a black servant named Mid'am. We proceeded until we reached Wadi al-Qura. While Mid'am was unloading the baggage of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, a stray arrow came and struck him, killing him. The people said, “Glad tidings of Paradise for him!” But the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “No! By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, the cloak that he took from the spoils on the day of Khaybar, before the shares had been distributed, is blazing upon him as fire.” When the people heard this, a man came to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, with one or two sandal-straps. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “One strap of fire—or two straps of fire.” (1)

Abu al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Musab informed us, from Malik, from Yahya ibn Sa'id, from Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Hayyan, from Abu Amrah al-Ansari, from Zayd ibn Khalid al-Juhani, who said:

A man died on the day of Khaybar, and they mentioned him to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. He said, “Pray over your companion.” The people’s faces changed at this, and Zayd maintained that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, “Your companion has misappropriated something in the cause of Allah.” He said: We opened his belongings and found some Jewish beads worth two dirhams. (2)

Abd al-Wahhab ibn Muhammad al-Khatib al-Marwazi informed us; Abd al-Aziz ibn Ahmad al-Khallal informed us; Abu al-Abbas al-Asamm informed us; al-Rabi' ibn Sulayman informed us; al-Shafi'i informed us; Sufyan informed us, from al-Zuhri, from Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, from Abu Humayd al-Sa'idi, who said:

The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, appointed a man from al-Azd, called Ibn al-Lutbiyyah, to collect the alms. When he returned, he said, “This is for you, and this was given to me as a gift.” The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, then stood on the pulpit and said, “What is the matter with an official whom we send on one of our assignments, and he says, ‘This is for you, and this was given to me as a gift’? Why did he not remain in the house of his mother or the house of his father and see whether he would be given a gift or not? By Him in Whose Hand is my soul, ⦗72/b⦘ no one takes anything from it except that he will come with it on the Day of Resurrection, carrying it upon his neck—if it is a camel that is grunting, or”

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Ayman wa al-Nudhur (The Book of Oaths and Vows), chapter: “Do land and sheep fall under oaths and vows?” 11:593; and by Muslim in Kitab al-Iman (The Book of Faith), chapter: “The stern prohibition of ghulul (misappropriation of war booty) and that none but believers enter Paradise,” no. 115, 1:108. Also cited by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 11:116. (2) Narrated by Abu Dawud in Kitab al-Jihad (The Book of Jihad), chapter: “Concerning the gravity of ghulul,” 4:38; al-Nasai in Kitab al-Janaiz (The Book of Funerals), chapter: “The funeral prayer over one who committed ghulul,” 4:64; Ibn Majah in Kitab al-Jihad, chapter: “Ghulul,” no. 2848, 2:950; Malik in al-Muwatta, 2:458; and Ahmad, 4:114, 5:192. Also cited by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 11:117.

﴿وَمَنْ يَغْلُلْ يَأْتِ بِمَا غَلَّ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ﴾ قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: يَمْثُلُ لَهُ ذَلِكَ الشَّيْءُ فِي النَّارِ ثُمَّ يُقَالُ لَهُ: انْزِلْ فَخُذْهُ فَيَنْزِلُ فَيَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ فَإِذَا بَلَغَ مَوْضِعَهُ وَقَعَ فِي النَّارِ ثُمَّ يُكَلَّفُ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ، فَيُخْرِجُهُ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ بِهِ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْفَقِيهُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ ثَوْرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الدِّيلِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْغَيْثِ مَوْلَى بن مُطِيعٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ خَيْبَرَ فَلَمْ نَغْنَمُ ذَهَبًا وَلَا فِضَّةً إِلَّا الْأَمْوَالَ وَالثِّيَابَ وَالْمَتَاعَ، قَالَ فَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَحْوَ وَادِي الْقُرَى وَكَانَ رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَهَبَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَبْدًا أَسْوَدَ يُقَالُ لَهُ مِدْعَمٌ قَالَ فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِوَادِي الْقُرَى فَبَيْنَمَا مِدْعَمٌ يَحُطُّ رَحْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ سَهْمٌ عَائِرٌ فَأَصَابَهُ فَقَتَلَهُ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: هَنِيئًا لَهُ الْجَنَّةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " كَلَّا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّ الشَّمْلَةَ الَّتِي أَخَذَهَا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ مِنَ الْغَنَائِمِ لَمْ تُصِبْهَا الْمَقَاسِمُ تَشْتَعِلُ عَلَيْهِ نَارًا" فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ النَّاسُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ بِشِرَاكٍ أَوْ شِرَاكَيْنِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "شِرَاكٌ مِنْ نَارٍ أَوْ شِرَاكَانِ مِنْ نَارٍ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَيَّانَ، عَنْ أَبِي عَمْرَةِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ، قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَ رَجُلٌ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ فَذَكَرُوهُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ" فَتَغَيَّرَتْ وُجُوهُ النَّاسِ لِذَلِكَ فَزَعَمَ زَيْدٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ صَاحِبَكُمْ قَدْ غَلَّ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ" قَالَ: فَفَتَحْنَا مَتَاعَهُ فَوَجَدْنَا خَرَزَاتٍ مِنْ خَرَزَاتِ الْيَهُودِ يُسَاوِينَ دِرْهَمَيْنِ (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْخَطِيبُ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، أَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْخَلَّالُ، أَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، أَنَا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ السَّاعِدِيِّ قَالَ: اسْتَعْمَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَزْدِ يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ اللُّتْبِيَةِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ قَالَ: هَذَا لَكُمْ وَهَذَا أَهْدِيَ لِي، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَقَالَ: "مَا بَالُ الْعَامِلِ نَبْعَثُهُ عَلَى بَعْضِ أَعْمَالِنَا فَيَقُولُ هَذَا لَكُمْ وَهَذَا أَهْدِيَ لِي، فَهَلَّا جَلَسَ فِي بَيْتِ أُمِّهِ أَوْ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ فَيَنْظُرُ أَيُهْدَى إِلَيْهِ أَمْ لَا فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لا يأخذ ٧٢/ب أَحَدٌ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا إِلَّا جَاءَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَحْمِلُهُ عَلَى رَقَبَتِهِ إِنْ كَانَ بَعِيرًا لَهُ رُغَاءٌ أَوْ

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الإيمان والنذور باب هل يدخل في الإيمان والنذور: الأرض والغنم. . . ١١ / ٥٩٣ ومسلم في الإيمان باب غلظ تحريم الغلول وأنه لا يدخل الجنة إلا المؤمنون برقم (١١٥) : ١ / ١٠٨. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١١ / ١١٦. (٢) أخرجه أبو داود في الجهاد باب في تعظيم الغلول: ٤ / ٣٨ والنسائي في الجنائز باب الصلاة على من غل: ٤ / ٦٤ وابن ماجه في الجهاد باب الغلول برقم (٢٨٤٨) : ٢ / ٩٥٠ ومالك في الموطأ: ٢ / ٤٥٨ وأحمد: ٤ / ١١٤ ٥ / ١٩٢. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١١ / ١١٧.