Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/125)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“If Allah aids you, none can overcome you; but if He forsakes you, then who is there to aid you after Him? And let the believers put their trust in Allah.” (160)

“If Allah aids you”: that is, if Allah helps you and protects you from your enemy, “none can overcome you,” as on the day of Badr. “But if He forsakes you”: that is, if He leaves you without helping you, as happened at Uhud. Forsaking means withholding support and leaving one exposed to destruction. “Then who is there to aid you after Him?” That is, after He has forsaken you. “And let the believers put their trust in Allah.” It has been said that putting one’s trust in Allah means not disobeying Allah for the sake of one’s provision. It has also been said: that you seek no helper for yourself besides Allah, no keeper for your provision besides Him, and no witness to your deeds besides Him.

Abu al-Qasim Abd al-Karim ibn Hawazin al-Qushayri informed us; Abu Abd Allah al-Husayn ibn Shuja al-Bazzar, in Baghdad, informed us; Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Jafar ibn Muhammad al-Haytham al-Anbari informed us; Muhammad ibn Abi al-Awwam informed us; Wahb ibn Jarir informed us; Hisham ibn Hassan informed us, from al-Hasan, from Imran ibn Husayn, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “Seventy thousand of my community will enter Paradise without reckoning.” It was asked, “Messenger of Allah, who are they?” He said: “They are those who do not cauterize themselves, seek ruqyah, or regard omens as decisive, and who put their trust in their Lord.” Ukashah ibn Mihsan said, “Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah to make me one of them.” He said, “You are one of them.” Then another man stood and said, “Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah to make me one of them.” He replied, “Ukashah has preceded you in this.” (1)

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kisa'i informed us; Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallal informed us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us, from Haywah ibn Shurayh; Bakr ibn Amr narrated to me, from Abd Allah ibn Hubayrah, that he heard Abu Tamim al-Jayshani say: I heard Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, say: I heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say: “If you were to put your trust in Allah as He deserves to be trusted, He would provide for you just as He provides for the birds: they leave in the morning hungry and return in the evening full.” (2)

(1) Muslim narrated it in Kitab al-Iman (Faith), chapter: “Evidence That Groups of Muslims Will Enter Paradise without Reckoning or Punishment,” no. 371, 1:198. With similar wording, al-Bukhari narrated it in Kitab al-Tibb (Medicine), chapter: “One Who Is Cauterized or Cauterizes Another,” 10:155. Al-Bukhari also narrated it from Ibn Abbas in Kitab al-Riqaq. The compiler likewise narrated it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:300. (2) Al-Tirmidhi narrated it in Kitab al-Zuhd (Asceticism), chapter: “What Has Been Related Concerning Asceticism in This World,” 7:8, and said: “This hadith is sound and authentic; we know it only through this route.” Ibn Majah narrated it in Kitab al-Zuhd, chapter: “Reliance upon Allah and Certainty,” no. 4164, 2:1394; Ibn Hibban, in Kitab al-Zuhd, chapter: “What Has Been Related Concerning Reliance upon Allah,” p. 632 of Mawarid al-Zam'an; Ahmad, al-Musnad, 1:30, 52; and the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:301. Al-Hakim authenticated it, 4:318, and al-Dhahabi concurred. See al-Nahj al-Sadid fi Takhrij Ahadith Taysir al-Aziz al-Hamid, pp. 190-191.

﴿إِنْ يَنْصُرْكُمُ اللَّهُ فَلَا غَالِبَ لَكُمْ وَإِنْ يَخْذُلْكُمْ فَمَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَنْصُرُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ (١٦٠) ﴾ ﴿إِنْ يَنْصُرْكُمُ اللَّهُ﴾ يُعِنْكُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَمْنَعْكُمْ مِنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ، ﴿فَلَا غَالِبَ لَكُمْ﴾ مِثْلَ يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ، ﴿وَإِنْ يَخْذُلْكُمْ﴾ يَتْرُكْكُمْ فَلَمْ يَنْصُرْكُمْ كَمَا كَانَ بِأُحُدٍ وَالْخِذْلَانُ: الْقُعُودُ عَنِ النُّصْرَةِ وَالْإِسْلَامُ لِلْهَلَكَةِ، ﴿فَمَنْ ذَا الَّذِي يَنْصُرُكُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ﴾ أَيْ: مِنْ بَعْدِ خِذْلَانِهِ، ﴿وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ﴾ قِيلَ: التَّوَكُّلُ أَنْ لَا تَعْصِيَ اللَّهَ مِنْ أَجْلِ رِزْقِكَ وَقِيلَ: أَنْ لَا تَطْلُبَ لِنَفْسِكَ نَاصِرًا غَيْرَ اللَّهِ وَلَا لِرِزْقِكَ خَازِنًا غَيْرَهُ وَلَا لِعَمَلِكَ شَاهِدًا غَيْرَهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ بْنُ هَوَازِنَ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ شُجَاعٍ الْبَزَّارُ بِبَغْدَادَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ الْهَيْثَمُ الْأَنْبَارِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي الْعَوَّامِ أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "يَدْخُلُ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا مِنْ أُمَّتِي الْجَنَّةَ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ" قِيلَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ هُمْ؟ قَالَ: "هُمُ الَّذِينَ لَا يَكْتَوُونَ وَلَا يَسْتَرْقُونَ وَلَا يَتَطَيَّرُونَ وَعَلَى رَبِّهِمْ يَتَوَكَّلُونَ" فَقَالَ عُكَاشَةُ بْنُ مِحْصَنٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مِنْهُمْ قَالَ: "أَنْتَ مِنْهُمْ" ثُمَّ قَامَ آخَرُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ: "سَبَقَكَ بِهَا عَكَاشَةُ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ، أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ حَيَاةَ بْنِ شُرَيْحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي بَكْرُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ هُبَيْرَةَ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا تَمِيمٍ الْجَيْشَانِيَّ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ﵁ يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: "لَوْ أَنَّكُمْ تَتَوَكَّلُونَ عَلَى اللَّهِ حَقَّ تَوَكُّلِهِ لَرَزَقَكُمْ كَمَا يَرْزُقُ الطَّيْرَ تَغْدُو خِمَاصًا وَتَرُوحُ بِطَانًا" (٢) .

(١) أخرجه مسلم في الإيمان باب الدليل على دخول طوائف من المسلمين الجنة بغير حساب ولا عذاب برقم (٣٧١) : ١ / ١٩٨ وبلفظ مقارب أخرجه البخاري في الطب باب من اكتوى أو كوى غيره: ١٠ / ١٥٥. وأخرجه عن ابن عباس في الرقاق. وأخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٣٠٠. (٢) أخرجه الترمذي في الزهد - باب ما جاء في الزهادة في الدنيا: ٧ / ٨ وقال: هذا حديث حسن صحيح لا نعرفه إلا من هذا الوجه. وابن ماجه في الزهد - باب التوكل واليقين برقم (٤١٦٤) : ٢ / ١٣٩٤ وابن حبان في الزهد باب ما جاء في التوكل ص (٦٣٢) من موارد الظمآن. وأحمد في المسند: ١ / ٣٠، ٥٢ والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٣٠١ وصححه الحاكم: ٤ / ٣١٨ ووافقه الذهبي. وانظر: النهج السديد في تخريج أحاديث تيسير العزيز الحميد ص ١٩٠ - ١٩١.