Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/102)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

concerning the people of Bir Ma'unah. They were seventy men from among the Quran reciters, whom the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent to Bir Ma'unah in Safar of the fourth year after the Hijrah, four months after Uhud, to teach the people the Quran and knowledge. Their commander was al-Mundhir ibn Amr. Amir ibn al-Tufayl killed them, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was profoundly grieved by this. For one month, he observed the qunut supplication in every prayer, invoking curses and years of famine against a group from those tribes. Then this verse was revealed: “You have no part in the matter.” (1)

Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Ismail informed us; Hibban ibn Musa informed us; Abdullah—that is, Ibn al-Mubarak—informed us; Mamar informed us, from al-Zuhri, who said: Salim related to me from his father that he heard the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when he raised his head from bowing in the final rak'ah of the Fajr prayer, say after saying, “Allah hears whoever praises Him. Our Lord, to You belongs all praise”: “O Allah, curse so-and-so, so-and-so, and so-and-so.” Then Allah, Exalted is He, revealed: “You have no part in the matter: whether He accepts their repentance or punishes them, for they are wrongdoers.” (2)

Others said that it was revealed on the day of Uhud. Ismail ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; Abd al-Ghafir (3) ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa al-Juludi informed us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan informed us; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj informed us; Abdullah ibn Maslamah ibn Qanab informed us; Hammad ibn Salamah informed us, from Thabit, from Anas, may Allah be pleased with him, that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, had his incisor broken on the day of Uhud and was wounded in the head. As he wiped the blood away, he said: “How can a people prosper who wounded [the head of] (4) their Prophet and broke his incisor, while he calls them to [Allah] (5)?” Then Allah, Exalted is He, revealed: “You have no part in the matter.” (6)

Abdullah ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, related that on the day of Uhud the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: “O Allah, curse Abu Sufyan. O Allah, curse al-Harith ibn Hisham. O Allah, curse Safwan ibn Umayyah.” Then this was revealed: “You have no part in the matter: whether He accepts their repentance...” They then accepted Islam, and their Islam was excellent. (7)

Said ibn al-Musayyib and Muhammad ibn Ishaq (8) said: “When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the Muslims saw on the day of Uhud what

(1) See Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Tafsir, chapter: “You have no part in the matter,” 8/225-226. (2) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Maghazi, chapter: “You have no part in the matter, or He may accept their repentance,” 7/365. (3) In manuscript A: Abd al-Ghaffar. (4) Added from manuscript B. (5) In manuscript A: “calling them to Islam.” (6) Reported by al-Bukhari in al-Maghazi, chapter: “You have no part in the matter, or He may accept their repentance,” 7/365; and by Muslim in al-Jihad, chapter: The Battle of Uhud, no. 1791, 3/1417. (7) Al-Bukhari reported it from Ibn Umar with the wording: “The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, would supplicate against Safwan ibn Umayya, Suhayl ibn Amr, and al-Harith ibn Hisham, whereupon the verse was revealed: ‘You have no part in the matter.’” Al-Maghazi, chapter: “You have no part in the matter,” 7/365. With the author’s wording, it was reported by al-Tirmidhi in al-Tafsir, Tafsir of Surat Al Imran, 8/355-356. He said: “This is a hasan gharib hadith; it is regarded as unusual through the narration of Umar ibn Hamza from Salim. Al-Zuhri likewise narrated it from Salim, from his father.” Ahmad also reported it in al-Musnad, 2/93. (8) See Ibn Hisham, al-Sira al-Nabawiyya, 2/141.

فِي أَهْلِ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ، وَهُمْ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْقُرَّاءِ، بَعَثَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ فِي صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ عَلَى رَأْسِ أَرْبَعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ مِنْ أُحُدٍ لِيُعَلِّمُوا النَّاسَ الْقُرْآنَ وَالْعِلْمَ أَمِيرُهُمُ الْمُنْذِرُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، فَقَتَلَهُمْ عَامِرُ بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ فَوَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَجْدًا شَدِيدًا، وَقَنَتَ شَهْرًا فِي الصَّلَوَاتِ كُلِّهَا يَدْعُو عَلَى جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ تِلْكَ الْقَبَائِلِ بِاللَّعْنِ وَالسِّنِينَ فَنَزَلَتْ: ﴿لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ﴾ (١) أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمُلَيْحِيُّ، أَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النُّعَيْمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا حِبَّانُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنِي سَالِمٌ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأَخِيرَةِ مِنَ الْفَجْرِ: "اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ فُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا وَفُلَانًا بَعْدَ مَا يَقُولُ: سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ" فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى ﴿لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ﴾ (٢) . وَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: نَزَلَتْ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَاهِرِ أَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ (٣) بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْجُلُودِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ قَعْنَبٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ﵄ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كُسِرَتْ رَبَاعِيَتُهُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَشُجَّ فِي رَأْسِهِ، فَجَعَلَ يَسْلِتُ الدَّمَ عَنْهُ وَيَقُولُ: "كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ شَجُّوا [رَأْسَ] (٤) نَبِيِّهِمْ، وَكَسَرُوا رَبَاعِيَتَهُ، وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى (٥) [اللَّهِ ﷿] فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ﴾ (٦) . وَعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ﵄ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ: "اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنِ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ، اللَّهُمَّ الْعَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ" فَنَزَلَتْ: ﴿لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ﴾ فَأَسْلَمُوا وَحَسُنَ إِسْلَامُهُمْ (٧) . وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ (٨) لَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ مَا

(١) انظر: صحيح البخاري كتاب التفسير باب ليس لك من الأمر شيء: ٨ / ٢٢٥ - ٢٢٦. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في المغازي باب ليس لك من الأمر شيء أو يتوب عليهم: ٧ / ٣٦٥. (٣) في "أ": عبد الغفار. (٤) زيادة من "ب". (٥) في "أ": يدعوهم إلى الإسلام. (٦) أخرجه البخاري في المغازي: باب ليس لك من الأمر شيء أو يتوب عليهم: ٧ / ٣٦٥ ومسلم في الجهاد باب غزوة أحد برقم (١٧٩١) : ٣ / ١٤١٧. (٧) أخرجه البخاري عن ابن عمر بلفظ:"كان رسول الله ﷺ يدعو على صفوان بن أمية وسهيل بن عمرو والحارث بن هشام فنزلت: ليس لك من الأمر شيء" في المغازي باب ليس لك من الأمر شيء: ٧ / ٣٦٥. وبلفظ المصنف أخرجه الترمذي في التفسير تفسير سورة آل عمران: ٨ / ٣٥٥ - ٣٥٦ وقال: هذا حديث حسن غريب يستغرب من حديث عمر بن حمزة عن سالم وكذا رواه الزهري عن سالم عن أبيه. وأحمد في المسند: ٢ / ٩٣. (٨) انظر: السيرة النبوية لابن هشام: ٢ / ١٤١.