Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (2/66)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“You will never attain righteousness until you spend from that which you love; and whatever you spend, Allah surely knows it.” (92)

His saying, exalted is He, “You will never attain righteousness” means Paradise. This was stated by Ibn ‘Abbas, Ibn Mas‘ud, and Mujahid. Muqatil ibn Hayyan said: It means God-consciousness. It was also said to mean obedience, and it was said to mean goodness. Al-Hasan said: It means that you become righteous.

Muhammad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Salihi informed us; Abu Bakr Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Hiri informed us; Hajib ibn Ahmad al-Tusi informed us; Muhammad ibn Hammad informed us; Abu Mu‘awiyah informed us, from al-A‘mash, from Shaqiq, from ‘Abd Allah—may Allah be pleased with him—who said: ⦗63/a⦘ The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:

“Adhere to truthfulness, for truthfulness leads to righteousness, and righteousness leads to Paradise. A person continues to speak the truth and to strive for truthfulness until he is recorded with Allah as one ever truthful. Beware of lying, for lying leads to wickedness, and wickedness leads to the Fire. A person continues to lie and to strive to lie until he is recorded with Allah as a habitual liar.” (1)

His saying, exalted is He, “until you spend from that which you love,” means: from the possessions most beloved to you. Al-Dahhak narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas that what is meant by it is the payment of zakah.

Mujahid and al-Kalbi said: This verse was abrogated by the verse concerning zakah. Al-Hasan said: Every expenditure through which a Muslim seeks the pleasure of Allah—even a single piece of fruit—enables him to attain this righteousness. ‘Ata’ said: “You will never attain righteousness,” that is, the nobility of religion and God-consciousness, until you give charity while you are healthy and keenly attached to your wealth.

Abu al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Mus‘ab informed us, from Malik, from Ishaq ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Abi Talhah, that he heard Anas ibn Malik say: “Abu Talhah al-Ansari was the wealthiest of the Ansar in Madinah. The property dearest to him was Bayruha’, which lay opposite the mosque. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, would enter it and drink from...”

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in al-Adab, chapter on the saying of Allah: “O you who believe, fear Allah and be with the truthful,” 10:507; and by Muslim in al-Birr wa al-Silah, chapter “The Ugliness of Lying and the Virtue of Truthfulness,” no. 2607, 4:2013; and in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:152.

﴿لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ وَمَا تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ (٩٢) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ﴾ يَعْنِي: الْجَنَّةَ، قَالَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَمُجَاهِدٌ، وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلُ بْنُ حَيَّانَ: التَّقْوَى، وَقِيلَ: الطَّاعَةَ، وَقِيلَ: الْخَيْرَ، وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: أَنْ تَكُونُوا أَبْرَارًا. أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الصَّالِحِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْحِيرِيُّ، أَنَا حَاجِبُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطُّوسِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ شَقِيقٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ﵁ قال: قال ٦٣/أرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "عَلَيْكُمْ بِالصِّدْقِ فَإِنَّ الصِّدْقَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْبِرَّ وَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ، وَمَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَصْدُقُ وَيَتَحَرَّى الصِّدْقَ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ صِدِّيقًا، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْكَذِبَ فَإِنَّ الْكَذِبَ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْفُجُورِ وَإِنَّ الْفُجُورَ يَهْدِي إِلَى النَّارِ، وَمَا يَزَالُ الرَّجُلُ يَكْذِبُ وَيَتَحَرَّى الْكَذِبَ حَتَّى يُكْتَبَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ كَذَّابًا" (١) . قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿حَتَّى تُنْفِقُوا مِمَّا تُحِبُّونَ﴾ أَيْ: مِنْ أَحَبِّ أَمْوَالِكُمْ إِلَيْكُمْ، رَوَى الضَّحَّاكُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ مِنْهُ أَدَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ وَالْكَلْبِيُّ: هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ نَسَخَتْهَا آيَةُ الزَّكَاةِ، وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: كُلُّ إِنْفَاقٍ يَبْتَغِي بِهِ الْمُسْلِمُ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى الثَّمَرَةَ يَنَالُ بِهِ هَذَا الْبِرَّ وَقَالَ عَطَاءٌ: لَنْ تَنَالُوا الْبِرَّ أَيْ: شَرَفَ الدِّينِ وَالتَّقْوَى حَتَّى تَتَصَدَّقُوا وَأَنْتُمْ أَصِحَّاءُ أَشِحَّاءُ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، أَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ "كَانَ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ أَكْثَرَ أَنْصَارِيٍّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَالًا وَكَانَ أَحَبُّ أَمْوَالِهِ إِلَيْهِ بَيْرُحَاءَ وَكَانَتْ مُسْتَقْبِلَةً الْمَسْجِدَ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَدْخُلُهَا وَيَشْرَبُ مِنْ

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الأدب باب قول الله تعالى: "يا أيها الذين آمنوا اتقوا الله وكونوا مع الصادقين": ١٠ / ٥٠٧، ومسلم في البر والصلة باب قبح الكذب وحسن الصدق برقم (٢٦٠٧) ٤ / ٢٠١٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ١٥٢.