Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (1/43)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

for a while, then he said: “Learn Surah al-Baqarah and Al ‘Imran, for they are the two radiant surahs. On the Day of Resurrection, they will shade their companion like two clouds, two canopies, or two flocks of birds spreading their wings. When his grave opens, the Quran will come to its companion on the Day of Resurrection in the form of a pale man and say to him, ‘Do you recognize me?’ He will reply, ‘I do not recognize you.’ It will say, ‘I am your companion, the Quran. I made you thirsty in the heat of midday and kept you awake at night. Every merchant has something to gain from every trade.’ Then he will be given dominion in his right hand and everlasting life in his left, and the crown of dignity will be placed upon his head. His parents will be clothed in two garments such as all the people of this world could not match. They will say, ‘Why have we been clothed in this?’ It will be said to them, ‘Because your child took up the Quran.’ Then it will be said, ‘Recite and ascend through the درجات and chambers of Paradise.’ He will continue ascending so long as he recites, whether he recites rapidly or in measured tones.” (1) It is singular.

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu Mansur al-Sam‘ani informed us; Abu Ja‘far al-Zayyati informed us; Humayd ibn Zanjawayh narrated to us; Abu Ayyub al-Dimashqi narrated to us; Isma‘il ibn ‘Ayyash narrated to us; Layth ibn Abi Sulaym narrated to us from Mujahid, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “Whoever listens to a verse from the Book of Allah, exalted is He, will have a multiplied good deed recorded for him; and whoever recites a verse from the Book of Allah, it will be a light for him on the Day of Resurrection.” (2)

The Imam Abu ‘Ali Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Qadi informed us; Abu Tahir (Muhammad) (3) ibn Muhammad ibn Mahmash al-Ziyadi informed us; Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn ‘Umar ibn Hafs al-Tajir narrated to us; Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn ‘Umar ibn Bukayr al-Kufi informed us; Waki‘ narrated to us from al-A‘mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Would any of you, upon returning to his family, like to find three large, fat, pregnant she-camels there?” We said, “Yes.” He said: “Then three verses which one of you recites in his prayer are better for him than three large, fat, pregnant she-camels.” (5) It is authentic.

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu Mansur al-Sam‘ani informed us; Abu Ja‘far al-Zayyati informed us; Humayd ibn Zanjawayh narrated to us; Abu al-Aswad narrated to us; Ibn Lahi‘ah narrated to us from Zabban—who is Ibn Fa’id—from Sahl—who is Ibn Mu‘adh al-Juhani—from his father, may Allah be pleased with him, from

(1) Reported by Ahmad, 5:348, from Abdullah ibn Buraydah, from his father. The compiler also recorded it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:454, and said: “This hadith is hasan gharib.” Ibn Kathir cited it in his Tafsir, 1:34, and said: “Ibn Hibban narrated part of it, and its chain is hasan according to Muslim’s criteria, for Muslim narrated from Bashir, Ibn Main declared him trustworthy, and al-Nasai said: ‘There is no objection to him.’ However, Imam Ahmad said that he was munkar al-hadith, meaning that his reports were objectionable.” Al-Haythami said in Majma al-Zawaid: “Ibn Hibban narrated a portion of it. Ahmad narrated it, and its transmitters are those of the Sahih,” 1:159. (2) Reported by Ahmad, 2:341, from Abu Hurayrah. Al-Hafiz al-Iraqi said: “Its chain contains weakness and a break.” His student al-Haythami said: “It contains Abbad ibn Maysarah, whom Ahmad and others declared weak. Ibn Main declared him trustworthy on one occasion and weak on another, while Ibn Hibban declared him trustworthy.” See Fayd al-Qadir, 6:59; Majma al-Zawaid, 7:162; and al-Duafa wa al-Matrukin by al-Nasai, p. 173. (3) Manuscript B reads “Ahmad,” but this is an error. See al-Lubab, 2:84. (4) This refers to pregnant camels. Once half their gestational period has passed, they are called ishar; the singular is khalifah or usharah. (5) Reported by Muslim, Book of the Prayer of Travelers, chapter on the merit of reciting the Quran in prayer and learning it, no. 802, 1:552; and by the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:434.

سَاعَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ: تَعَلَّمُوا سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ وَآلَ عِمْرَانَ فَإِنَّهُمَا الزَّهْرَاوَانِ، وَإِنَّهُمَا تُظِلَّانِ صَاحِبَهُمَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ كَأَنَّهُمَا غَمَامَتَانِ، أَوْ غَيَايَتَانِ أَوْ فِرْقَانِ مِنْ طَيْرٍ صَوَّافَّ، وَإِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ يَأْتِي صَاحِبَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ حِينَ يَنْشَقُّ عَنْهُ قَبْرُهُ كَالرَّجُلِ الشَّاحِبِ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ: هَلْ تَعْرِفُنِي فَيَقُولُ: مَا أَعْرِفُكَ فَيَقُولُ: أَنَا صَاحِبُكَ الْقُرْآنُ أَظْمَأْتُكَ بِالْهَوَاجِرِ، وَأَسْهَرْتُ لَيْلَكَ، وَإِنَّ كُلَّ تَاجِرٍ مِنْ وَرَاءِ كُلِّ تِجَارَةٍ فَيُعْطَى الْمُلْكَ بِيَمِينِهِ، وَالْخُلْدَ بِشِمَالِهِ وَيُوضَعُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ تَاجُ الْوَقَارِ، وَيُكْسَى وَالِدَاهُ حُلَّتَيْنِ لَا يَقُومُ لَهُمَا أَهْلُ الدُّنْيَا فَيَقُولَانِ: بِمَ كُسِينَا هَذَا؟ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمَا: بِأَخْذِ وَلَدِكُمَا الْقُرْآنَ ثُمَّ يُقَالُ: اقْرَأْ وَاصْعَدْ فِي دَرَجِ الْجَنَّةِ وَغُرَفِهَا فَهُوَ في صعودها ما دام يَقْرَأُ، هَذًّا كَانَ أَوْ تَرْتِيلًا " (١) غَرِيبٌ. أَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ السَّمْعَانِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الزَّيَّاتِيُّ ثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زَنْجُوَيْهِ ثَنَا أَبُو أَيُّوبَ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ ثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ ثَنَا لَيْثُ بْنُ أَبِي سُلَيْمٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: " مَنِ اسْتَمَعَ إِلَى آيَةٍ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ﷿ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَةٌ مُضَاعَفَةٌ وَمَنْ قَرَأَ آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ كَانَتْ لَهُ نُورًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ " (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ حُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاضِي أَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ (مُحَمَّدُ) (٣) بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَحْمِشٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ حَفْصٍ التَّاجِرُ ثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ الْكُوفِيُّ أَنَا وَكِيعٌ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ﵁ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " أَيُحِبُّ أَحَدُكُمْ إِذَا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ أَنْ يَجِدَ فِيهِ ثَلَاثَ خَلِفَاتٍ (٤) عِظَامٍ سِمَانٍ؟ قُلْنَا نَعَمْ قَالَ: فَثَلَاثُ آيَاتٍ يَقْرَؤُهُنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ ثَلَاثِ خَلِفَاتٍ عِظَامٍ سِمَانٍ " (٥) صَحِيحٌ. أَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ السَّمْعَانِيُّ أَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الزَّيَّاتِيُّ ثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زَنْجُوَيْهِ ثَنَا أَبُو الْأَسْوَدِ ثَنَا ابْنُ لهيعه عَنْ زَبَّانَ هُوَ ابْنُ فَايِدٍ عَنْ سَهْلٍ، هُوَ ابْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْجُهَنِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ﵁ عَنِ

(١) رواه أحمد: ٥/٣٤٨ عن عبد الله بن بريدة عن أبيه. والمصنف في شرح السنة ٤/٤٥٤ وقال: هذا حديث حسن غريب. وأورده ابن كثير في التفسير ١/٣٤ وقال: وروى ابن حبان بعضه، وهذا إسناد حسن على شرط مسلم، فإن بشيرًا أخرج له مسلم ووثقه ابن معين وقال النسائي: ما به بأس، إلا أن الإمام أحمد قال: هو منكر الحديث. قال الهيثمي في مجمع الزوائد: روى ابن حبان منه طرفًا، رواه أحمد ورجاله رجال الصحيح ١/١٥٩. (٢) رواه أحمد: ٢/٣٤١ عن أبي هريرة، قال الحافظ العراقي: وفيه ضعف وانقطاع، وقال تلميذه الهيثمي: فيه عبّاد بن ميسرة، ضعفّه أحمد وغيره، ووثقه ابن معين مرة وضعفه أخرى، ووثقه ابن حبان، انظر: فيض القدير: ٦/٥٩، مجمع الزوائد: ٧/١٦٢ الضعفعاء والمتروكين للنسائي ص ١٧٣. (٣) في ب: أحمد وهو خطأ، انظر: اللباب: ٢/٨٤. (٤) الحوامل من الإبل إلى أن يمضي عليها نصف أمدها. ثم هي عشار، والواحدة خَلِفَة وعشراء. (٥) رواه مسلم: صلاة المسافرين- باب فضل قراءة القرآن في الصلاة وتعلمه برقم (٨٠٢) ١/٥٥٢. والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤/٤٣٤.