Jaʿfar al-Rayyānī informed us; Ḥumayd ibn Zanjawayh informed us; Yaʿlā ibn ʿUbayd informed us; al-Aʿmash informed us, from Ibrāhīm, from al-Aswad, from ʿĀʾishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “The finest thing a man consumes is that which he earns, and his child is among his earnings.” (1)
ʿAbd al-Wāḥid ibn Aḥmad al-Malīḥī informed us; Abū Manṣūr al-Samʿānī informed us; Abū Jaʿfar al-Rayyānī informed us; Ḥumayd ibn Zanjawayh informed us; ʿAbd Allah ibn Ṣāliḥ informed us; Abū Muʿāwiyah ibn Ṣāliḥ informed us, from Baḥīr ibn Saʿd, from Khālid ibn Maʿdān, from al-Miqdām ibn Maʿdī Yakrib, who reported from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, that he said: “No one has ever eaten food better than that earned by the work of his own hands. David would eat only from the work of his own hands.” (2)
Abū al-Qāsim Yaḥyā ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Kushmīhanī informed us; Najāḥ ibn Yazīd al-Muḥāribī informed us in Kūfah; Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn Duḥaym al-Shaybānī informed us; Aḥmad ibn Ḥāzim informed us; Yaḥyā ibn ʿUbayd informed us; Abān ibn Isḥāq informed us, from al-Ṣabbāḥ ibn Muḥammad ibn Murrah al-Hamdānī, from ʿAbd Allah ibn Masʿūd, may Allah be pleased with him, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “No servant acquires unlawful wealth and then gives charity from it such that Allah accepts it from him; nor does he spend from it such that He blesses it for him; nor does he leave it behind him except that it becomes his provision to the Fire. Indeed, Allah does not erase an evil deed with an evil deed; rather, He erases an evil deed with a good deed. The foul does not erase the foul.” (3)
According to most scholars, zakat is obligatory on commercial goods. Once a lunar year has passed, one appraises the goods and pays a quarter of a tenth of their value, if their value amounts to twenty dinars or two hundred dirhams. Samurah ibn Jundub said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, used to command us to pay charity on what we kept for sale.” (4)
Abū ʿAmr ibn Ḥimās related from his father, who said: I passed by ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb, may Allah be pleased with him, with a tanned hide upon my neck (5)