Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/594)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

henna infusion, and its palm trees are as though they were the heads of devils.” Aishah said: “I said to him, ‘O Messenger of Allah, why did you not have it brought out?’ He replied, ‘As for me, Allah has healed me, and I disliked stirring up evil among the people because of it.’” (1)

It was also narrated that it was beneath a rock in the well. They lifted the rock and brought out the palm spathe, and within it were hairs from his head and the teeth of his comb. (2)

Al-Mutahhar ibn Ali al-Farisi informed us; Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Salahani informed us; Abd Allah ibn Muhammad ibn Jafar, Abu al-Shaykh the hadith master, narrated to us; Ibn Abi Asim informed us; Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us; Abu Muawiyah narrated to us from al-Amash, from Yazid ibn Hayyan ibn Arqam, who said: A Jewish man cast a spell upon the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and he fell ill for several days. Then Gabriel came to him and said: “A Jewish man has cast a spell upon you and tied knots for you.” (3) The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent Ali, who extracted them and brought them back. Each time he untied a knot, the Prophet felt relief, until the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, rose as though he had been released from bonds. He did not mention this to the Jews, nor did they ever see any sign of it on his face. (4)

Muqatil and al-Kalbi said: It was on a cord upon which eleven knots had been tied. It was also said that the knots had been fastened with a needle. Allah then revealed these two surahs, which together comprise eleven verses: Surah al-Falaq has five verses, and Surah al-Nas has six. Whenever a verse was recited, a knot came undone, until all the knots were undone; then the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, rose as though he had been released from bonds. (5)

It was also narrated that he remained under its effects for six months, and that it became severe for him for three nights, whereupon the two surahs of seeking refuge were revealed.

Ismail ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa al-Juludi informed us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan narrated to us; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj narrated to us; Bishr ibn Hilal al-Sawwaf narrated to us; [Abd al-Warith] (6) narrated to us; Abd al-Aziz ibn Suhayb narrated to us from Abu Nadrah, from Abu Said, that Gabriel, peace be upon him, came to the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, and said: “O Muhammad, are you in pain?” He replied, “Yes.” Gabriel said: “In the name of Allah, I invoke healing for you from everything that harms you, from the evil of every soul or envious eye. May Allah heal you. In the name of Allah, I invoke healing for you, and Allah heals you.” (7)

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in Bad al-Khalq, chapter: “The description of Iblis and his troops,” 6:334; by Muslim in al-Salam, chapter on sorcery, no. 2189, 4:1719–1720; and by al-Baghawi in Sharh al-Sunnah, 12:185–186. (2) The author of al-Durr al-Manthur, 8:687, attributed it to Ibn Mardawayh and al-Bayhaqi in al-Dala'il. (3) Imam Ahmad added: “In such-and-such a well,” so he sent someone to retrieve it. (4) Reported by Ibn Abi Shaybah in al-Musannaf, 7:30, second section; and by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad, 4:367. (5) Mentioned by al-Suyuti in al-Durr al-Manthur, 8:687. (6) He is Abd al-Warith ibn Sa'id ibn Dhakwan al-Tamimi al-Anbari. (7) Reported by Muslim in Kitab al-Salam, chapter on medicine, illness, and ruqyah (healing supplications), no. 2186, 4:1718, except for the final phrase, “May Allah heal you,” which appears only in manuscript A.

نُقَاعَةُ الْحِنَّاءِ، وَلَكَأَنَّ نَخْلُهَا رُءُوسُ الشَّيَاطِينِ، قَالَتْ: فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ هَلَّا أَخْرَجْتَهُ؟ قَالَ: "أَمَّا أَنَا فَقَدْ شَفَانِي اللَّهُ، فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُثِيرَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِهِ شَرًّا" (١) . وَرُوِيَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ تَحْتَ صَخْرَةٍ فِي الْبِئْرِ، فَرَفَعُوا الصَّخْرَةَ وَأَخْرَجُوا جُفَّ الطَّلْعَةِ، فَإِذَا فِيهِ مُشَاطَةُ رَأْسِهِ، وَأَسْنَانُ مُشْطِهِ (٢) أَخْبَرَنَا الْمُطَهَّرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْفَارِسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الصَّالِحَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ أَبُو الشَّيْخِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَاصِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ حَيَّانَ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ قَالَ: سَحَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ، قَالَ: فَاشْتَكَى لِذَلِكَ أَيَّامًا، قَالَ: فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْيَهُودِ سَحَرَكَ وَعَقَدَ لَكَ عُقَدًا (٣) ، فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلِيًّا فَاسْتَخْرَجَهَا فَجَاءَ بِهَا، فَجَعَلَ كُلَّمَا حَلَّ عُقْدَةً وَجَدَ لِذَلِكَ خِفَّةً، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ كَأَنَّمَا نَشِطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ، فَمَا ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِلْيَهُودِ وَلَا رَأَوْهُ فِي وَجْهِهِ قَطُّ (٤) . قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ وَالْكَلْبِيُّ: كَانَ فِي وَتَرٍ عُقِدَ عَلَيْهِ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ عُقْدَةً. وَقِيلَ: كَانَتِ الْعُقَدُ، مَغْرُوزَةٌ بِالْإِبْرَةِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَاتَيْنِ السُّورَتَيْنِ وَهُمَا إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ آيَةً؛ سُورَةُ الْفَلَقِ خَمْسُ آيَاتٍ، وَسُورَةُ النَّاسِ سِتُّ آيَاتٍ، كُلَّمَا قُرِئَتْ آيَةٌ انْحَلَّتْ عُقْدَةٌ، حَتَّى انْحَلَّتِ الْعُقَدُ كُلُّهَا، فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ كَأَنَّمَا نَشِطَ مِنْ عِقَالٍ (٥) . وَرُوِيَ: أَنَّهُ لَبِثَ فِيهِ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ، فَنَزَلَتِ الْمُعَوِّذَتَانِ. أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْجُلُودِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ هِلَالٍ الصَّوَّافُ، حَدَّثَنَا [عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ] (٦) حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ صُهَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ: أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ ﵇ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ اشْتَكَيْتَ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، فَقَالَ: "بِسْمِ اللَّهِ أَرْقِيكَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ يُؤْذِيكَ مِنْ شَرِّ كُلِّ نَفْسٍ أَوْ عَيْنِ حَاسِدٍ اللَّهُ يَشْفِيكَ، بِسْمِ اللَّهِ أَرْقِيكَ وَاللَّهُ يَشْفِيكَ" (٧) .

(١) أخرجه البخاري في بدء الخلق، باب صفة إبليس وجنوده: ٦ / ٣٣٤، ومسلم، في السلام باب السحر برقم (٢١٨٩) :٤ / ١٧١٩ - ١٧٢٠ والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٢ / ١٨٥ - ١٨٦. (٢) عزاه صاحب الدر المنثور: ٨ / ٦٨٧ لابن مردويه والبيهقي في الدلائل. (٣) زاد الإمام أحمد: في بئر كذا وكذا، فأرسل إليها من يجيء بها. (٤) أخرجه ابن أبي شيبة في المصنف: ٧ / ٣٠ (القسم الثاني) ، والإمام أحمد في المسند: ٤ / ٣٦٧. (٥) ذكره السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٨ / ٦٨٧. (٦) هو عبد الوارث بن سعيد بن ذكوان التميمي العنبري. (٧) أخرجه مسلم في كتاب السلام، باب الطب والمرض والرقى، برقم (٢١٨٦) : ٤ / ١٧١٨ ما عدا الجملة الأخيرة (والله يشفيك) وهي من نسخة "أ" فقط.