Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

He said, “By Allah, no one has the strength or capacity to withstand these men. By Allah, Abu al-Fadl, your nephew’s dominion has become immense.” Al-Abbas replied, “Woe to you! It is prophethood.” He said, “Yes, indeed.”

I said, “Go now to your people and warn them.” So he hurried out until he reached Mecca, where he cried out at the top of his voice in the mosque: “O people of Quraysh, Muhammad has come upon you with a force you cannot withstand!” They said, “So what?” He said, “Whoever enters Abu Sufyan’s house is safe.” They said, “Woe to you! What protection can your house afford us?” He said, “Whoever enters the mosque is safe, and whoever closes his door upon himself is safe.” So the people dispersed to their homes and to the mosque.

He said: Hakim ibn Hizam and Budayl ibn Warqa came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, at Marr al-Zahran, embraced Islam, and pledged allegiance to him. Once they had pledged allegiance, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent them ahead of him to Quraysh, calling them to Islam.

When Hakim ibn Hizam and Budayl ibn Warqa left the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, heading for Mecca, he sent al-Zubayr after them, gave him his banner, and appointed him commander over the cavalry of the Emigrants and the Helpers. He instructed him to plant his banner at the upper end of Mecca, at al-Hajun, and said, “Do not leave the place where I have commanded you to plant my banner until I come to you.” From there, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, entered Mecca, and his tent was erected there.

He commanded Khalid ibn al-Walid, along with those of Quda'ah and Banu Sulaym who had embraced Islam, to enter from the lower part of Mecca. There were Banu Bakr, whom Quraysh had called to arms, as well as Banu al-Harith ibn Abd Manaf and those belonging to the allied tribes; Quraysh had ordered them to remain at the lower end of Mecca. Safwan ibn Umayyah, Ikrimah ibn Abi Jahl, and Suhayl ibn Amr had gathered men at Khandamah to fight.

When the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, dispatched Khalid and al-Zubayr, he said to them, “Do not fight except those who fight you.” He commanded Sad ibn Ubadah to enter by way of Kuda with a group of men. As Sad headed in, he said, “Today is the day of battle; today the sanctity is made lawful.” A man from among the Emigrants heard him and said, “O Messenger of Allah, hear what Sad ibn Ubadah has said. We do not feel safe from his launching an assault upon Quraysh.” So the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Ali ibn Abi Talib, “Overtake him and take the banner from him; you are the one who shall enter with it.” There was no fighting in the upper part of Mecca in al-Zubayr’s sector ⦗204/A⦘. As for Khalid ibn al-Walid, he encountered Quraysh, Banu Bakr, and the allied tribes at the lower end of Mecca. He fought them, and Allah defeated them. There was no fighting in Mecca apart from this.

Approximately twelve or thirteen of the polytheists were killed. Of the Muslims, only one man from Juhaynah, named Salamah ibn al-Mayla, from Khalid ibn al-Walid’s cavalry, was killed; as were two men named Kurz ibn Jabir and Khunays (1) ibn Khalid. They had been among Khalid ibn al-Walid’s cavalry, but separated from him and took a route other than his, and both were killed.

(1) Manuscript A reads Hunays, and manuscript B reads Khubaysh; the adopted reading is from Ibn Hisham.
فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ مَا لِأَحَدٍ بِهَؤُلَاءِ مِنْ قِبَلٍ وَلَا طَاقَةٍ، وَاللَّهِ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ لَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ مُلْكُ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ عَظِيمًا، فَقَالَ: وَيْحَكَ! إِنَّهَا النُّبُوَّةُ، قَالَ: نَعَمْ إِذًا. فَقُلْتُ: الْحَقِ الْآنَ بِقَوْمِكَ فَحَذِّرْهُمْ، فَخَرَجَ سَرِيعًا حَتَّى أَتَى مَكَّةَ فَصَرَخَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِهِ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ، هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ فِيمَا لَا قِبَلَ لَكُمْ بِهِ، قَالُوا: فَمَهْ؟ قَالَ: مَنْ دَخَلَ دَارَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، قَالُوا: وَيْحَكَ وَمَا تُغْنِي عَنَّا دَارُكَ؟ قَالَ: وَمَنْ دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، وَمَنْ أَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِ بَابَهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ، فَتَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ إِلَى دُورِهِمْ وَإِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ. قَالَ: وَجَاءَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَبُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَرِّ الظَّهْرَانِ فَأَسْلَمَا وَبَايَعَاهُ، فَلَمَّا بَايَعَاهُ بَعَثَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ يَدْعُوَانِهِمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ. وَلَمَّا خَرَجَ حَكِيمُ بْنُ حِزَامٍ وَبَدِيلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ مِنْ عِنْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَامِدِينَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ بَعَثَ فِي إِثْرِهِمَا الزُّبَيْرَ وَأَعْطَاهُ رَايَتَهُ وَأَمَّرَهُ عَلَى خَيْلِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَرْكِزَ رَايَتَهُ بِأَعْلَى مَكَّةَ بِالْحُجُونِ، وَقَالَ: لَا تَبْرَحْ حَيْثُ أَمَرْتُكَ أَنْ تَرْكِزَ رَايَتِي حَتَّى آتِيَكَ، وَمِنْ ثَمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ وَضُرِبَتْ هُنَاكَ قُبَّتُهُ، وَأَمَرَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ فِيمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ قُضَاعَةَ وَبَنِي سُلَيْمٍ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ مِنْ أَسْفَلَ مَكَّةَ وَبِهَا بَنُو بَكْرٍ قَدِ اسْتَنْفَرَتْهُمْ قُرَيْشٌ وَبَنُو الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَحَابِيشِ، أَمَرَتْهُمْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنْ يَكُونُوا بِأَسْفَلَ مَكَّةَ، وَإِنَّ صَفْوَانَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ وَعِكْرِمَةَ بْنَ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَسُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، وَكَانُوا قَدْ جَمَعُوا أُنَاسًا بِالْخَنْدَمَةِ لِيُقَاتِلُوا، وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِخَالِدٍ وَالزُّبَيْرِ حِينَ بَعَثَهُمَا: لَا تُقَاتِلَا إِلَّا مَنْ قَاتَلَكُمْ، وَأَمَرَ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِي بَعْضِ النَّاسِ مِنْ كُدًي، فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ حِينَ تَوَجَّهَ دَاخِلًا الْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الْمَلْحَمَةِ، الْيَوْمُ تُسْتَحَلُّ الْحُرْمَةُ، فَسَمِعَهَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، اسْمَعْ مَا قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ، وَمَا نَأْمَنُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ صَوْلَةٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ: أَدْرِكْهُ فَخُذِ الرَّايَةَ مِنْهُ، فَكُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَدْخُلُ بِهَا، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ بِأَعْلَى مَكَّةَ منْ قِبَل ٢٠٤/أالزُّبَيْرِ قِتَالٌ، وَأَمَّا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ وَبَنِي بَكْرٍ وَالْأَحَابِيشِ بِأَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ، فَقَاتَلَهُمْ فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بِمَكَّةَ قِتَالٌ غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ. وَقُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَرِيبٌ مِنِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ، وَلَمْ يُقْتَلْ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ يُقَالُ لَهُ: سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْمَيْلَاءِ، مِنْ خَيْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، وَرَجُلَانِ يُقَالُ لَهُمَا: كُرْزُ بْنُ جَابِرٍ [وَخُنَيْسُ] (١) بْنُ خَالِدٍ، كَانَا فِي خَيْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ، فَشَذَّا عَنْهُ وَسَلَكَا طَرِيقًا غَيْرَ طَرِيقِهِ، فَقُتِلَا جَمِيعًا.
(١) في "أ" حنيس، وفي "ب" خبيش، والمثبت من ابن هشام.

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