Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/497)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Their reward with their Lord is gardens of perpetual residence, beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein forever. Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. That is for whoever fears his Lord.” (8)

He then mentioned what awaits the two groups, saying: “Indeed, those who disbelieve from among the People of the Book and the polytheists will be in the Fire of Hell, remaining therein forever. They are the worst of all creatures.” Nafi‘ and Ibn ‘Amir recited al-bari’ah, with a hamzah in both instances, because it derives from the expression bara’a Allah al-khalqa: “Allah created the creation.” The others recited it without a hamzah, with a doubled consonant, like dhurriyyah (offspring), whose hamzah has been dropped in common usage.

“Indeed, those who believe and do righteous deeds—they are the best of all creatures. Their reward with their Lord is gardens of perpetual residence, beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein forever. Allah is pleased with them, and they are pleased with Him. That is for whoever fears his Lord,” and refrains from sins.

It has also been said that contentment is of two kinds: contentment with Him and contentment regarding Him. Contentment with Him is to accept Him as one’s Lord and Governor, while contentment regarding Him is to accept what He decrees and determines.

Al-Suddi, may Allah have mercy on him, said: “If you are not pleased with Allah, how can you ask Him to be pleased with you?”

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il related to us; Muhammad ibn Bashshar related to us; Gundar related to us; Shu‘bah related to us. He said: I heard Qatadah narrate from Anas ibn Malik that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to Ubayy: “Indeed, Allah Most High has commanded me to recite to you: ‘Those who disbelieved were not...’” He said, “And did He name me?” He said, “Yes.” So he wept. (1)

Hammam narrated from Qatadah: “He commanded me to recite the Quran to you.” (2)

(1) Recorded by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Tafsir, under the commentary on Surat al-Bayyinah, 8/725. (2) Recorded by al-Bukhari in the preceding location, and in Fada'il Ashab al-Nabi (Virtues of the Companions of the Prophet), in the chapter on the merits of Ubayy ibn Ka'b; and by Muslim in Salat al-Musafirin (the prayer of travelers), in the chapter on the recommendation of reciting the Quran to those of distinction and proficiency in it, no. 799, 1/550.

﴿جَزَاؤُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِيَ رَبَّهُ (٨) ﴾ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مَا لِلْفَرِيقَيْنِ فَقَالَ: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَالْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أُولَئِكَ هُمْ شَرُّ الْبَرِيَّةِ﴾ قَرَأَ نَافِعٌ وَابْنُ عَامِرٍ "الْبَرِيئَةِ" بِالْهَمْزَةِ فِي الْحَرْفَيْنِ لِأَنَّهُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ: بَرَأَ اللَّهُ الْخَلْقَ وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ مُشَدَّدًا بِغَيْرِ هَمْزٍ كَالذَّرِيَّةِ تُرِكَ هَمَزُهَا فِي الِاسْتِعْمَالِ. ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ أُولَئِكَ هُمْ خَيْرُ الْبَرِيَّةِ جَزَاؤُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ لِمَنْ خَشِيَ رَبَّهُ﴾ وَتَنَاهَى عَنِ الْمَعَاصِي. وَقِيلَ: الرِّضَا يَنْقَسِمُ إِلَى قِسْمَيْنِ: رِضًا بِهِ وَرِضًا عَنْهُ، فَالرِّضَا بِهِ: رَبًّا وَمُدَبِّرًا، وَالرِّضَا عَنْهُ: فِيمَا يَقْضِي وَيُقَدِّرُ. قَالَ السُّدِّيُّ ﵀: إِذَا كُنْتَ لَا تَرْضَى عَنِ اللَّهِ فَكَيْفَ تَسْأَلُهُ الرِّضَا عَنْكَ؟ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ حَدَّثَنَا غُنْدَرٌ حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِأُبَيٍّ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ: "لَمْ يَكُنِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا" قَالَ: وَسَمَّانِي؟ قَالَ: "نَعَمْ" فَبَكَى (١) . وَقَالَ هُمَامٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ: "أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أَقْرَأَ عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ" (٢) .

(١) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير - تفسير سورة البينة - ٨ / ٧٢٥. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في الموضع السابق، وفي فضائل أصحاب النبي ﷺ باب مناقب أبي بن كعب، ومسلم في صلاة المسافرين، باب استحباب قراءة القرآن على أهل الفضل والحذق فيه. . برقم: (٧٩٩) : ١ / ٥٥٠.