Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/481)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Then let him call his assembly (17); We shall call the guards of Hell (18). No! Do not obey him. Prostrate and draw near (19).”

Allah, exalted is He, says: “Then let him call his assembly,” meaning his people and clan; that is, let him seek their help. “We shall call the guards of Hell”: the Zabāniyah is the plural of zibniyy, derived from zibn, meaning to push. Ibn Abbas said: This refers to the guards of Hell; they are called this because they drive the people of the Fire into it. Al-Zajjaj said: They are the stern and mighty angels. Ibn Abbas said: Had he called his assembly, the guards of Allah would have seized him (1).

Then He says: “No!” The matter is not as Abu Jahl imagines. “Do not obey him” in abandoning the prayer. “Prostrate”: pray to Allah. “And draw near” to Allah.

Abu Tahir Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Qashani informed us; Abu Umar al-Qasim ibn Jafar al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Ali Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Lulu'i narrated to us; Abu Dawud Sulayman ibn al-Ashath narrated to us; Ahmad ibn Salih, Ahmad ibn Amr ibn al-Sarraj, and Muhammad ibn Salamah said: Wahb informed us; Amr ibn al-Harith informed me, from Umarah ibn Ghaziyyah, from Sumayy, the freedman of Abu Bakr, who heard Abu Salih Dhakwan narrating from Abu Hurayrah that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “A servant is nearest to his Lord when he is prostrating, so increase your supplication [therein] (2).” (3)

(1) Reported by al-Tabari, 30:256. (2) Omitted in manuscript “B.” (3) Reported by Abu Dawud in Kitab al-Salah (The Book of Prayer), chapter on supplication during bowing and prostration, 1:420; by Muslim in Kitab al-Salah, chapter on what is said during bowing and prostration, no. 482, 1:350; and by the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 3:151.

﴿فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ (١٧) سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ (١٨) كَلَّا لَا تُطِعْهُ وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِبْ (١٩) ﴾ قَالَ اللَّهُ ﷿: ﴿فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيَهُ﴾ أَيْ قَوْمَهُ وَعَشِيرَتَهُ، أَيْ فَلْيَسْتَنْصِرْ بِهِمْ. ﴿سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ﴾ جَمْعُ زِبْنِيٌّ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ الزِّبْنِ وَهُوَ الدَّفْعُ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يُرِيدُ زَبَانِيَةَ جَهَنَّمَ سَمُّوا بِهَا لِأَنَّهُمْ يَدْفَعُونَ أَهْلَ النَّارِ إِلَيْهَا، قَالَ الزَّجَّاجُ: هُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ الْغِلَاظُ الشِّدَادُ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: لَوْ دَعَا نَادِيَهُ لَأَخَذَتْهُ زَبَانِيَةُ اللَّهِ (١) ثُمَّ قَالَ: ﴿كَلَّا﴾ لَيْسَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى مَا عَلَيْهِ أَبُو جَهْلٍ، ﴿لَا تُطِعْهُ﴾ فِي تَرْكِ الصَّلَاةِ، ﴿وَاسْجُدْ﴾ صِلِّ لِلَّهِ ﴿وَاقْتَرِبْ﴾ مِنَ اللَّهِ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْقَاشَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُمَرَ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ مُحَمَّدُ بن أحمد اللؤلؤي، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ الْأَشْعَثِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ السَّرَّاجِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ قَالُوا: أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبٌّ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ غَزِيَّةَ عَنْ سُمَيٍّ مَوْلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا صَالِحٍ ذَكْوَانَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "أَقْرَبُ مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنْ رَبِّهِ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ، فَأَكْثِرُوا الدُّعَاءَ [فِيهَا] (٢) " (٣) .

(١) أخرجه الطبري: ٣٠ / ٢٥٦. (٢) ساقط من "ب". (٣) أخرجه أبو داود في الصلاة، باب الدعاء في الركوع والسجود: ١ / ٤٢٠، ومسلم في الصلاة، باب ما يقال في الركوع والسجود برقم: (٤٨٢) : ١ / ٣٥٠ والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٣ / ١٥١.