Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib said: It reached me that, when Abu Bakr asked Umayyah ibn Khalaf concerning Bilal, “Will you sell him?” he replied, “Yes, I will sell him in exchange for Nistas, a slave of Abu Bakr who possessed ten thousand dinars, male and female servants, and livestock. He was a polytheist. Abu Bakr had invited him to Islam on the condition that he would retain his wealth, but he refused, and Abu Bakr came to dislike him. Then, when Umayyah said to him, 194/b “I will sell him in exchange for your slave Nistas,” Abu Bakr seized the opportunity and purchased Bilal from him.”

The polytheists then said, “Abu Bakr did this for Bilal only because Bilal had previously done him a favor.” Thereupon Allah revealed:

“And no one has any favor due from him to be repaid (19), but only seeking the Countenance of his Lord, the Most High (20). And he will surely be well pleased (21).”

“And no one has any favor due from him to be repaid” (1): that is, no one has done him a favor for which he must recompense and repay him. “But only seeking the Countenance of his Lord, the Most High”: meaning, he does not do this in repayment for a favor someone has done him; rather, he does it seeking the Countenance of his Lord, the Most High, and desiring His pleasure. “And he will surely be well pleased”: with what Allah, Exalted is He, will grant him in the Hereafter of Paradise and honor, as a recompense for what he did.

(1) See al-Tabari, 30/228; al-Wahidi, Asbab al-Nuzul, p. 526; and al-Durr al-Manthur, 8/538.
وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيَّبِ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ أُمَيَّةَ بْنَ خَلَفٍ قَالَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي بِلَالٍ حِينَ قَالَ: أَتَبِيعُهُ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ أَبِيعُهُ بِنِسْطَاسٍ عَبْدٍ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ، صَاحِبِ عَشْرَةِ آلَافِ دِينَارٍ، وَغِلْمَانٍ وَجَوَارٍ وَمَوَاشٍ، وَكَانَ مُشْرِكًا حَمَلَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ عَلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ مَالُهُ لَهُ، فَأَبَى فَأَبْغَضَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَلَمَّا قال له ١٩٤/ب أُمَيَّةُ أَبِيعُهُ بِغُلَامِكَ نِسْطَاسٍ اغْتَنَمَهُ وَبَاعَهُ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ: مَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِبِلَالٍ إِلَّا لِيَدٍ كَانَتْ لِبِلَالٍ عِنْدَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: ﴿وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تُجْزَى (١٩) إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَى (٢٠) وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَى (٢١) ﴾ ﴿وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تُجْزَى﴾ (١) أَيْ يُجَازِيهِ وَيُكَافِئُهُ عَلَيْهَا. ﴿إِلَّا﴾ لَكِنْ ﴿ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَى﴾ يَعْنِي: لَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ مُجَازَاةً لِأَحَدٍ بِيَدٍ لَهُ عِنْدَهُ، وَلَكِنَّهُ يَفْعَلُهُ ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَى وَطَلَبَ رِضَاهُ. ﴿وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَى﴾ بِمَا يُعْطِيهِ اللَّهُ ﷿ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَالْكَرَامَةِ جَزَاءً عَلَى مَا فَعَلَ.
(١) انظر: الطبري ٣٠ / ٢٢٨، الواحدي في أسباب النزول ص ٥٢٦، الدر المنثور ٨ / ٥٣٨.

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