Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/363)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“No indeed! The record of the wicked is in Sijjin.” (7)

Regarding His saying, exalted is He, “No indeed!”: it is a word of rebuke; that is, matters are not as they imagine them to be, so let them desist. The statement ends here. Al-Hasan said: “No indeed!” begins a new statement connected to what follows, in the sense of “Truly, the record of the wicked”—that in which their deeds have been written—“is in Sijjin.”

Abdullah ibn Umar, Qatadah, Mujahid, and al-Dahhak said: “Sijjin” is the lowest, seventh earth, wherein are the souls of the disbelievers.

Abu Sa‘id al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Tha‘labi informed us; al-Husayn ibn Muhammad ibn Fanjawayh informed us; Musa ibn Muhammad narrated to us; al-Hasan ibn Alawayh narrated to us; Isma‘il ibn Isa informed us; al-Musayyib narrated to us; al-A‘mash narrated to us, from al-Minhal, from Zadhan, from al-Bara’, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Sijjin is beneath the seven earths, while Illiyyun is in the seventh heaven, beneath the Throne.” (1)

(1) Imam Ahmad reported it at length, 4:287–288, including the words: “Allah will say: ‘Write his record in Sijjin, in the lowest earth.’” It was also reported by al-Tayalisi in his Musnad, p. 102. In abbreviated form, it was reported by Abu Dawud, al-Jana'iz, chapter: “Sitting at the Grave,” 4:337; and al-Nasa'i, al-Jana'iz, chapter: “Standing for Funerals,” 4:78. Al-Hakim declared the longer version authentic in al-Mustadrak, 1:37–38, and cited supporting reports for it. Ibn al-Qayyim stated in Tahdhib al-Sunan, 4:337: “Abu Hatim Ibn Hibban criticized it on the grounds that Zadhan did not hear it from al-Bara'. This criticism is unsound, for Zadhan said: ‘I heard al-Bara' ibn Azib say’—and then related it. Abu Awanah al-Isfarayini included it in his Sahih. Ibn Hazm likewise criticized it on account of the alleged weakness of al-Minhal ibn Amr. This criticism is also unsound, for al-Minhal was reliable and truthful. Abu Nu'aym and others declared it authentic.”

﴿كَلَّا إِنَّ كِتَابَ الْفُجَّارِ لَفِي سِجِّينٍ (٧) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿كَلَّا﴾ رَدْعٌ، أَيْ لَيْسَ الْأَمْرُ عَلَى مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَلْيَرْتَدِعُوا، وَتَمَامُ الْكَلَامِ هَاهُنَا، وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ: "كَلَّا" ابْتِدَاءٌ يَتَّصِلُ بِمَا بَعْدَهُ عَلَى مَعْنَى حَقًّا ﴿إِنَّ كِتَابَ الْفُجَّارِ﴾ الَّذِي كُتِبَتْ فِيهِ أَعْمَالُهُمْ ﴿لَفِي سِجِّينٍ﴾ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَقَتَادَةُ وَمُجَاهِدٌ، وَالضَّحَّاكُ: ﴿سِجِّينٌ﴾ هِيَ الْأَرْضُ السَّابِعَةُ السُّفْلَى فِيهَا أَرْوَاحُ الْكُفَّارِ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ فَنْجَوَيْهِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلَوَيْهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عِيسَى، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُسَيِّبُ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ، عَنِ الْمِنْهَالِ، عَنْ زَاذَانَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "سَجِّينٌ" أَسْفَلَ سَبْعِ أَرْضِينَ، وَ"عِلِّيُّونَ" فِي السَّمَاءِ السَّابِعَةِ تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ (١) .

(١) أخرجه الإمام أحمد مطولا: ٤ / ٢٨٧-٢٨٨، وفيه ".. فيقول الله ﷿: اكتبوا كتابه في سجين في الأرض السفلى.." والطيالسي في مسنده ص١٠٢. وأخرجه مختصرا: أبو داود في الجنائز، باب الجلوس عند القبر: ٤ / ٣٣٧، والنسائي في الجنائز، باب الوقوف للجنائز: ٤ / ٧٨، وصححه الحاكم مطولا في المستدرك: ١ / ٣٧-٣٨ وساق له شواهد. وقال ابن القيم في "تهذيب السنن" (٤ / ٣٣٧) وقد أعله أبو حاتم بن حبان بأن قال: زاذان لم يسمعه من البراء. وهذه العلة فاسدة، فإن زاذان قال: سمعت البراء بن عازب يقول - فذكره - ذكره أبو عوانة الإسفراييني في "صحيحه" وأعله ابن حزم بضعف المنهال بن عمرو. وهذه علة فاسدة، فإن المنهال ثقة صدوق. وقد صححه أبو نعيم وغيره".