Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/318)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And the angels in rows.” Al-Sha‘bi said: “They are the two ranks before the Lord of the worlds: on that Day, one rank will consist of the Spirit and one rank of the angels.” (1)

“None will speak except those granted permission by the Most Merciful and who speak what is right”—that is, who spoke the truth in this world. It was also said: he said, “There is no god but Allah.” (2)

“That is the True Day. So whoever wills may take a path of return to his Lord. (39) Indeed, We have warned you of a near punishment, on the Day when a person will see what his hands have sent forth, and the disbeliever will say, ‘Would that I were dust!’ (40)”

“That is the True Day”: the Day that will surely come to pass, meaning the Day of Resurrection. “So whoever wills may take a path of return to his Lord”—that is, a return and a path through obedience to Him; in other words, whoever wills may return to Allah through obedience to Him. “Indeed, We have warned you of a near punishment,” meaning the punishment of the Hereafter; and everything that is to come is near. “On the Day when a person will see what his hands have sent forth”: that is, every person will see on that Day the deeds he sent forth, recorded in his scroll. “And the disbeliever will say, ‘Would that I were dust!’”

Abdullah ibn Amr said: (3) “When the Day of Resurrection comes, the earth will be spread out like a stretched hide, and the beasts, cattle, and wild animals will be gathered. Then requital will be established among the animals, until the hornless sheep is given redress against the horned sheep that had butted it. When requital has been completed, they will be told, ‘Become dust.’ At that point the disbeliever will say, ‘Would that I were dust!’” Mujahid related something similar.

Muqatil said: “Allah will gather the wild animals, creeping creatures, and birds, and will judge between them until the hornless animal is given redress against the horned one. Then He will say to them: ‘I created you, subjected you to the children of Adam, and you obeyed them throughout your lives. So return to that which...’

(1) Simat means a row. (2) Reported by al-Tabari, 30:24, from Ikrimah. He then said: “The correct view is that Allah, exalted is He, informed us that His creatures will not speak on the Day when the Spirit and the angels stand in rows, except those whom the Most Merciful permits to speak and who speak rightly. It is therefore obligatory to state it as He has informed us, since He has not told us in His Book or through the tongue of His Messenger that He intended by this any particular kind of right speech; the apparent wording encompasses all of it.” (3) Both manuscripts read Abdullah ibn Umar, whereas al-Tabari, 30:26, has Abdullah ibn Amr. Ibn Kathir likewise has Abdullah ibn Amr, 4:467. Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 8:402, to Abd ibn Humayd and Ibn Shahin in his work al-Aja'ib wa al-Ghara'ib.

"وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ صَفًّا" قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ: هُمَا سِمَاطَا (١) رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ، يَوْمَ يَقُومُ سِمَاطٌ مِنَ الرُّوحِ وَسِمَاطٌ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ. ﴿لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ وَقَالَ صَوَابًا﴾ فِي الدُّنْيَا، أَيْ حَقًّا. وَقِيلَ: قَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ (٢) . ﴿ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الْحَقُّ فَمَنْ شَاءَ اتَّخَذَ إِلَى رَبِّهِ مَآبًا (٣٩) إِنَّا أَنْذَرْنَاكُمْ عَذَابًا قَرِيبًا يَوْمَ يَنْظُرُ الْمَرْءُ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ وَيَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا (٤٠) ﴾ ﴿ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الْحَقُّ﴾ الْكَائِنُ الْوَاقِعُ يَعْنِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ﴿فَمَنْ شَاءَ اتَّخَذَ إِلَى رَبِّهِ مَآبًا﴾ مَرْجِعًا وَسَبِيلًا بِطَاعَتِهِ، أَيْ: فَمَنْ شَاءَ رَجَعَ إِلَى اللَّهِ بِطَاعَتِهِ. ﴿إِنَّا أَنْذَرْنَاكُمْ عَذَابًا قَرِيبًا﴾ يَعْنِي الْعَذَابَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَكُلُّ مَا هُوَ آتٍ قَرِيبٌ. ﴿يَوْمَ يَنْظُرُ الْمَرْءُ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ﴾ أَيْ كُلُّ امْرِئٍ يَرَى فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ مَا قَدَّمَ مِنَ الْعَمَلِ مُثْبَتًا فِي صَحِيفَتِهِ، ﴿وَيَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا﴾ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرٍو: (٣) إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ مُدَّتِ الْأَرْضُ مَدَّ الْأَدِيمِ، وَحُشِرَتِ الدَّوَابُّ وَالْبَهَائِمُ وَالْوُحُوشُ، ثُمَّ يُجْعَلُ الْقِصَاصُ بَيْنَ الْبَهَائِمِ حَتَّى يُقْتَصَّ لِلشَّاةِ الْجَمَّاءِ مِنَ الشَّاةِ الْقَرْنَاءِ تَنْطَحُهَا، فَإِذَا فَرَغَ مِنَ الْقِصَاصِ قِيلَ لَهَا: كُونِي تُرَابًا، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ: يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا. وَمِثْلُهُ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ. وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: يَجْمَعُ اللَّهُ الْوُحُوشَ وَالْهَوَامَّ وَالطَّيْرَ فَيَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ حَتَّى يُقْتَصَّ لِلْجَمَّاءِ مِنَ الْقَرْنَاءِ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ لَهُمْ: أَنَا خَلَقْتُكُمْ وَسَخَّرْتُكُمْ لِبَنِي آدَمَ وَكُنْتُمْ مُطِيعِينَ إِيَّاهُمْ أَيْامَ حَيَاتِكُمْ، فَارْجِعُوا إِلَى الَّذِي

(١) والسماط: الصف. (٢) رواه الطبري: ٣٠ / ٢٤ عن عكرمة ثم قال: "والصواب من القول في ذلك أن يقال: "إن الله تعالى ذكره أخبر عن خلقه أنهم لا يتكلمون يوم يقوم الروح والملائكة صفا إلا من أذن له منهم في الكلام الرحمن، وقال صوابا فالواجب أن يقال كما أخبر إذ لم يخبرنا في كتابه، ولا على لسان رسوله، أنه عنى بذلك نوعا من أنواع الصواب، والظاهر محتمل جميعه". (٣) في المخطوطتين: عبد الله بن عمر، أما في الطبري: ٣٠ / ٢٦ فعبد الله بن عمرو. وكذلك عند ابن كثير: ٤ / ٤٦٧. وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٨ / ٤٠٢ لعبد بن حميد وابن شاهين في كتاب "العجائب والغرائب".