Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/275)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: “Let each one of us wake to find at his head an open scroll from Allah declaring that you are indeed His Messenger and commanding us to follow you.” (1)

Al-Kalbi said: “The polytheists said, ‘O Muhammad, we have heard that a man from the Children of Israel would wake to find his sin and its expiation written beside his head. So bring us something like that.’” The scrolls are books; they are the plural of scroll, and “open” means unfolded.

“No indeed! They do not fear the Hereafter. (53) No indeed! It is truly a reminder. (54) So whoever wills may take heed of it. (55) Yet they will not take heed unless Allah wills. He is worthy of being feared and worthy of granting forgiveness. (56)”

Allah Most High says: “No indeed”—they will not be given the scrolls. It has also been said that it means, “Truly”; and this is the meaning of every occurrence of it that you encounter. “Rather, they do not fear the Hereafter”: that is, they do not fear the punishment of the Hereafter. The meaning is that, had they feared the Fire, they would not have demanded these signs after the proofs had already been established.

“No indeed! It”—that is, the Quran—“is truly a reminder”: an admonition. “So whoever wills may take heed of it”: he may be admonished by it. “Yet they will not take heed”: Nafiʿ and Yaʿqub recited, “yet you will not take heed,” with a tāʾ; the others recited it with a yāʾ. (2) “Unless Allah wills”: Muqatil said, “Unless Allah wills guidance for them.” “He is worthy of being feared and worthy of granting forgiveness”: that is, He is worthy that His prohibitions be avoided, and worthy to forgive whoever fears Him.

Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Thaʿlabi informed us; Ibn Fanjawayh informed us; Umar ibn al-Khattab narrated to us; Abdullah ibn al-Fadl narrated to us; Hudbah ibn Khalid narrated to us; Suhayl ibn Abi Hazm narrated to us, from Thabit, from Anas, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said regarding this verse, “He is worthy of being feared and worthy of granting forgiveness”: “Your Lord, exalted is He, says: ‘I am worthy of being feared, and none besides Me should be associated with Me; and I am worthy to forgive whoever fears associating anything with Me—’”

(1) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 8:340, to Abd ibn Humayd and Ibn al-Mundhir. See also al-Tabari, 29:171. (2) Added from manuscript “B”.

لرسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَك لِيُصْبِحَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ كُلِّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا كِتَابٌ مَنْشُورٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ أَنَّكَ لَرَسُولُهُ نُؤْمَرُ فِيهِ بِاتِّبَاعِكَ (١) . قَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَ يُصْبِحُ مَكْتُوبًا عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ ذَنْبُهُ وَكَفَّارَتُهُ فَأْتِنَا بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ "وَالصُّحُفُ" الْكُتُبُ، وَهِيَ جُمَعُ الصَّحِيفَةِ، وَ"مُنَشَّرَةٌ" مَنْشُورَةٌ. ﴿كَلَّا بَلْ لَا يَخَافُونَ الْآخِرَةَ (٥٣) كَلَّا إِنَّهُ تَذْكِرَةٌ (٥٤) فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ (٥٥) وَمَا يَذْكُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ (٥٦) ﴾ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿كَلَّا﴾ لَا يُؤْتَوْنَ الصُّحُفَ. وَقِيلَ: حَقًّا، وَكُلُّ مَا وَرَدَ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهُ فَهَذَا وَجْهُهُ، ﴿بَلْ لَا يَخَافُونَ الْآخِرَةَ﴾ أَيْ لَا يَخَافُونَ عَذَابَ الْآخِرَةِ، وَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّهُمْ لَوْ خَافُوا النَّارَ لَمَا اقْتَرَحُوا هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ بَعْدَ قِيَامِ الْأَدِلَّةِ. ﴿كَلَّا﴾ حَقًّا ﴿إِنَّهُ﴾ يَعْنِي الْقُرْآنَ ﴿تَذْكِرَةٌ﴾ مَوْعِظَةٌ. ﴿فَمَنْ شَاءَ ذَكَرَهُ﴾ اتَّعَظَ بِهِ. ﴿وَمَا يَذْكُرُونَ﴾ قَرَأَ نَافِعٌ وَيَعْقُوبُ [تَذْكُرُونَ] (٢) بِالتَّاءِ وَالْآخَرُونَ بِالْيَاءِ ﴿إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ﴾ قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ اللَّهُ لَهُمُ الْهُدَى. ﴿هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ﴾ أَيْ أَهْلُ أَنْ يُتَّقَى مَحَارِمُهُ وَأَهْلُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لِمَنِ اتَّقَاهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ فَنْجَوَيْهِ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ، حَدَّثَنَا هُدْبَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُهَيْلُ بْنُ أَبِي حَزْمٍ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: ﴿هُوَ أَهْلُ التَّقْوَى وَأَهْلُ الْمَغْفِرَةِ﴾ قَالَ: قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ ﷿: "أَنَا أَهْلُ أَنْ أُتَّقَى وَلَا يُشْرَكَ بِي غَيْرِي، وَأَنَا أَهْلٌ لِمَنِ اتَّقَى أَنْ يُشْرِكَ بِي أَنْ أَغْفِرَ

(١) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٨ / ٣٤٠ لعبد بن حميد وابن المنذر، وانظر الطبري ٢٩ / ١٧١. (٢) زيادة من"ب".