Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/252)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abu Dharr also narrated it, saying: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, stood one night reciting a verse [from the Quran] (1) until morning came. The verse was: “If You punish them, they are Your servants; but if You forgive them, You alone are the Almighty, All-Wise.” (al-Ma'idah 5:118) (2)

“Indeed, We shall cast upon you a weighty word.” (5)

Regarding His saying, “Indeed, We shall cast upon you a weighty word,” Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said: “A severe word.” Al-Hasan said: “A man may recite a surah rapidly, but acting upon it is weighty.”

Qatadah said: “By Allah, its obligatory duties and prescribed limits are weighty.” Muqatil said: “It is weighty because of the commands, prohibitions, and prescribed limits it contains.”

Abu al-Aliyah said: “It is weighty because of its promises and warnings, and its declarations of what is lawful and unlawful.” Muhammad ibn Kab said: “It is weighty upon the hypocrites.”

Al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl said: “It is a word light upon the tongue but weighty in the scales.”

Al-Farra said: “It is weighty, not light and trivial, for it is the speech of our Lord.” (3)

Ibn Zayd said: “By Allah, it is weighty and blessed. Just as it is weighty in this world, it will be weighty in the scales on the Day of Resurrection.” (4)

Abu al-Hasan al-Sarakhsī informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Musab informed us from Malik, from Hisham ibn Urwah, from [his father] (5), from Aishah, the wife of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, [that al-Harith ibn Hisham asked the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him] (6), saying: “O Messenger of Allah, how does revelation come to you?” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, replied: “At times it comes to me [with] a sound like the ringing of a bell (7), and that is the most severe form for me. Then it departs from me, and I have retained what it said. At other times, the angel appears to me in the form of a man and speaks to me, and I retain what he says.”

Aishah said: “I certainly saw it descending upon him

(1) Added from manuscript A. (2) Al-Nasa'i narrated it in his Sunan, 2:177; Ibn Majah in Kitab Iqamat al-Salah, chapter “What Has Been Reported Regarding Recitation in the Night Prayer,” no. 1350, 1:429; and al-Hakim authenticated it, 1:241, with al-Dhahabi concurring. The author also narrated it in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:26. (3) Ma'ani al-Quran, 3:197. (4) Al-Tabari mentioned most of these views, 29:127-128, then said: “The soundest view regarding this is that Allah described it as a weighty word; thus, as He described it, it is weighty to bear and weighty to act upon in accordance with its limits and obligations.” (5) Omitted in manuscript B. (6) The text within the brackets is omitted in manuscript A. (7) Added from manuscript A.

وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو ذَرٍّ، قَالَ: قَامَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَيْلَةً حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ بِآيَةٍ [مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ] (١) وَالْآيَةُ: "إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ" (الْمَائِدَةِ-١١٨) (٢) . ﴿إِنَّا سَنُلْقِي عَلَيْكَ قَوْلًا ثَقِيلًا (٥) ﴾ ﴿إِنَّا سَنُلْقِي عَلَيْكَ قَوْلًا ثَقِيلًا﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: شَدِيدًا. قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَهُذُّ السُّورَةَ وَلَكِنَّ الْعَمَلَ بِهَا ثَقِيلٌ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: ثَقِيلٌ وَاللَّهِ فَرَائِضُهُ وَحُدُودُهُ. وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: ثَقِيلٌ لِمَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ وَالنَّهْيِ وَالْحُدُودِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو الْعَالِيَةِ: ثَقِيلٌ بِالْوَعْدِ وَالْوَعِيدِ وَالْحَلَالِ وَالْحَرَامِ. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: ثَقِيلٌ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِينَ. وَقَالَ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ: قَوْلًا خَفِيفًا عَلَى اللِّسَانِ ثَقِيلًا فِي الْمِيزَانِ. قَالَ الْفَرَّاءُ: ثَقِيلٌ لَيْسَ بِخَفِيفٍ السَّفْسَافُ لِأَنَّهُ كَلَامُ رَبِّنَا (٣) . وَقَالَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ: هُوَ وَاللَّهِ ثَقِيلٌ مُبَارَكٌ، كَمَا ثَقُلَ فِي الدُّنْيَا ثَقُلَ فِي الْمَوَازِينِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ (٤) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ السَّرْخَسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ [أَبِيهِ] (٥) عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ [أَنَّ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ هِشَامٍ سَأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ] (٦) فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ يَأْتِيكَ الْوَحْيُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "أَحْيَانًا يَأْتِينِي [فِي] (٧) مِثْلِ صَلْصَلَةِ الْجَرَسِ، وَهُوَ أَشَدُّهُ عَلَيَّ فَيَفْصِمُ عَنِّي وَقَدْ وَعَيْتُ مَا قَالَ وَأَحْيَانًا يَتَمَثَّلُ لِيَ الْمَلَكُ رَجُلًا فَيُكَلِّمُنِي فَأَعِي مَا يَقُولُ". قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ

(١) زيادة من "أ". (٢) أخرجه النسائي في سننه: ٢ / ١٧٧، وابن ماجه في إقامة الصلاة، باب ما جاء في القراءة في صلاة الليل برقم: (١٣٥٠) ١ / ٤٢٩، وصححه الحاكم: ١ / ٢٤١ ووافقه الذهبي، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٢٦. (٣) معاني القرآن: ٣ / ١٩٧. (٤) ذكر أكثر هذه الأقوال الطبري: ٢٩ / ١٢٧-١٢٨ ثم قال: "وأولى الأقوال بالصواب في ذلك أن يقال: إن الله وصفه بأنه قول ثقيل، فهو كما وصفه به ثقيل محمله، ثقيل العمل بحدوده وفرائضه". (٥) ساقط من "ب". (٦) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ". (٧) زيادة من "أ".