Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Samad informed us; Abu al-Qasim al-Khuza'i informed us; al-Haytham ibn Kulayb informed us; Abu Isa related to us; Harun ibn Ishaq al-Hamdani related to us; Ubaydah related from Hisham ibn Urwah, from his father, from Aishah, who said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, never struck anything with his hand, except while striving in the cause of Allah; nor did he strike a servant or a woman.” (1)

Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma'il related to us; Isma'il ibn Abd Allah informed us; Malik ibn Ishaq related to me from Abd Allah ibn Abi Talhah, from Anas, who said: I was walking with the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, wearing a Najrani cloak with a coarse border, when a Bedouin caught up with him and tugged his cloak violently. I looked at the side of the Messenger of Allah’s shoulder, peace and blessings be upon him, and saw that the cloak’s border had left a mark on it because of the force of his pull. Then he said, “Muhammad, order that I be given some of Allah’s wealth that is in your possession.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, turned to him, laughed, and then ordered that he be given something. (2)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Sam'an informed us; Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Jabbar al-Rayani informed us; Humayd ibn Zanjawayh related to us; Ali ibn al-Madini related to us; Ibn Uyaynah related from Amr ibn Dinar, from Ibn Abi Mulaykah, from Ya'la ibn Mumallak, from Umm al-Darda, who narrated from Abu al-Darda that the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Indeed, the heaviest thing placed in the believer’s scale on the Day of Resurrection will be good character. And indeed, Allah Most High detests the obscene and foul-mouthed person.” (3)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu Mansur al-Sam'ani informed us; Abu Ja'far al-Rayani informed us; Humayd ibn Zanjawayh related to us; Abu Nu'aym related to us; Dawud ibn Yazid al-Awdi (4) said: I heard my father say, “I heard my father...”

(1) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in al-Shamail al-Muhammadiyyah, chapter “On the Character of the Messenger of Allah,” with al-Bajuri’s commentary, p. 201; and by Muslim in the Book of Virtues, chapter “His Avoidance of Sins, His Choosing the Easiest of Permissible Matters, and His Seeking Retribution for Allah When His Sanctities Were Violated,” no. 2328, 4:1814—except for the wording cited by the author at the end of his narration: “And he never struck a servant or a woman.” (2) Recorded by al-Bukhari in the Book of Dress, chapter “Striped Garments, Hibara Cloth, and Shawls,” 10:275; and by Muslim in the Book of Zakat, chapter “Giving to One Who Asks Rudely and Harshly,” no. 1057, 2:730–731. (3) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in the Book of Righteousness and Maintaining Ties, chapter “What Has Been Related concerning Good Character,” 6:140–141. He said: “This is a sound, authentic hadith.” It was also recorded in abbreviated form by Abu Dawud in the Book of Manners, chapter “On Good Character,” 7:172; by Imam Ahmad, 6:442; authenticated by Ibn Hibban in Mawarid al-Zaman, no. 1920, p. 474; and recorded by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 13:78–79. Al-Albani also cited it in Sahih al-Jami al-Saghir wa Ziyadatuh. (4) Manuscript A reads: al-Azdi. The correct reading is that which we have established, as found in Tahdhib al-Tahdhib.
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْخُزَاعِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْهَيْثَمُ بْنُ كُلَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عِيسَى، حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدَةُ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: مَا ضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِيَدِهِ شَيْئًا قَطُّ إِلَّا أَنْ يُجَاهِدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ، وَلَا ضَرَبَ خَادِمًا وَلَا امْرَأَةً (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ كُنْتُ أَمْشِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَلَيْهِ بُرْدٌ نَجْرَانِيٌّ غَلِيظُ الْحَاشِيَةِ فَأَدْرَكَهُ أَعْرَابِيٌّ فَجَبَذَهُ بِرِدَائِهِ جَبْذَةً شَدِيدَةً حَتَّى نَظَرْتُ إِلَى صَفْحَةِ عَاتِقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَثَّرَتْ بِهَا حَاشِيَةُ الْبُرْدِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ جَبْذَتِهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مُرْ لِي مِنْ مَالِ اللَّهِ الَّذِي عِنْدَكَ، فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ ضَحِكَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ لَهُ بِعَطَاءٍ (٢) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ الرَّيَّانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زَنْجَوَيْهِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمَدِينِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ مُمَلَّكٍ، عَنْ أُمِّ الدَّرْدَاءِ تُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ أَثْقَلَ شَيْءٍ يُوضَعُ فِي مِيزَانِ الْمُؤْمِنِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ خُلُقٌ حَسَنٌ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُبْغِضُ الْفَاحِشَ الْبَذِيءَ" (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ السَّمْعَانِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّيَّانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زَنْجَوَيْهِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ [الْأَوْدِيُّ] (٤) سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يقول سمعت أبي
(١) أخرجه الترمذي في الشمائل المحمدية، باب في خلق رسول الله ﷺ مع شرح الباجوري ص: (٢٠١) ، ومسلم في الفضائل، باب مباعدته ﷺ للآثام واختياره من المباح أسهله وانتقامه لله عند انتهاك حرماته برقم (٢٣٢٨) ٤ / ١٨١٤ ما عدا ما ساقه المصنف في آخر روايته: (ولا ضرب خادما ولا امرأة) . (٢) أخرجه البخاري في اللباس، باب البرود والحبر والشملة: ١٠ / ٢٧٥، ومسلم في الزكاة، باب إعطاء من سأل بفحش وغلظة برقم: (١٠٥٧) ٢ / ٧٣٠-٧٣١. (٣) أخرجه الترمذي في البر والصلة، باب ما جاء في حسن الخلق: ٦ / ١٤٠-١٤١ وقال: "هذا حديث حسن صحيح" وأبو داود مختصرا في الأدب، باب في حسن الخلق: ٧ / ١٧٢، والإمام أحمد: ٦ / ٤٤٢، وصححه ابن حبان في موارد الظمآن برقم: (١٩٢٠) صفحة: (٤٧٤) والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٣ / ٧٨-٧٩، وذكره الألباني في صحيح الجامع الصغير وزيادته. (٤) في "أ" الأزدي والصحيح ما أثبتناه كما في "تهذيب التهذيب".

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