Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/162)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

and she said the same to him. When he entered upon Hafsah, she said to him, “Messenger of Allah, shall I not give you a drink from it?” He replied, “I have no need of it.” Sawdah said, “Glory be to Allah! We have deprived him of it!” She said, “I told her, ‘Be quiet.’” (1)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Nu'aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma'il related to us; al-Hasan ibn Muhammad al-Sabbah related to us; al-Hajjaj related from Ibn Jurayj, who said: Ata claimed that he heard Ubayd ibn Umayr say, “I heard Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, say: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, would stay with Zaynab bint Jahsh and drink honey at her house. Hafsah and I agreed that whichever of us the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, entered upon should say, ‘I detect the smell of maghafir, a foul-smelling gum, from you. Have you eaten maghafir?’

“He entered upon one of them, and she said this to him. He replied, ‘There is no harm; I drank honey at Zaynab bint Jahsh’s, but I shall not do so again.’ Then this was revealed: ‘O Prophet, why do you forbid what Allah has made lawful for you, seeking to please your wives?’ up to His words: ‘If you both repent to Allah’—addressed to Aisha and Hafsah—and: ‘When the Prophet confided a matter to one of his wives,’ concerning his words, ‘Rather, I drank honey.’” (2)

Through this same chain of transmission, Muhammad ibn Isma'il related to us; Ibrahim ibn Musa informed us; Hisham ibn Yusuf informed us, from Ibn Jurayj, from Ata through the same chain. He said: “He replied, ‘No; rather, I used to drink honey at Zaynab bint Jahsh’s, but I shall not do so again. I have sworn that you must not tell anyone of this,’ seeking thereby to please his wives.” (3)

The exegetes said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, apportioned his time among his wives. When it was Hafsah’s day, she sought the Messenger of Allah’s permission to visit her father, and he gave her permission. When she left, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent for his bondwoman Maria the Copt, brought her into Hafsah’s apartment, and had intercourse with her.

When Hafsah returned, she found the door locked, so she sat by the door. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, then came out, his face dripping with sweat, while Hafsah was weeping. He said, “What is making you weep?” She replied, “You only gave me permission for this purpose: you brought your bondwoman into my apartment and then had intercourse with her on my day and on my bed. Did you not recognize that I have a sanctity and a right? You would not do this with any of those other women.”

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Is she not my bondwoman, whom Allah has made lawful for me? Be quiet; she is forbidden to me, as I seek thereby your pleasure. But do not tell any of them about this.”

When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, left, Hafsah knocked on the wall between her and Aisha and said, “Shall I give you glad tidings? Indeed, the Messenger of Allah has”

(1) Recorded by al-Bukhari in the Book of Divorce, chapter: “Why do you forbid what Allah has made lawful for you?” 9:374-375; and by Muslim in the Book of Divorce, chapter: “The obligation of expiation upon one who declares his wife forbidden to himself without intending divorce,” no. 1474, 2:1101-1102. (2) Recorded by al-Bukhari in Tafsir, “Commentary on Surat al-Tahrim,” chapter: “O Prophet, why do you forbid what Allah has made lawful for you?” 8:656; by Muslim in the Book of Divorce, chapter: “The obligation of expiation upon one who declares his wife forbidden to himself without intending divorce,” no. 1474, 2:1100; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 9:226. (3) Recorded by al-Bukhari in the Book of Divorce, chapter: “Why do you forbid what Allah has made lawful for you?” 9:374.

فَقَالَتْ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ، فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ قَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَّا أَسْقِيكَ مِنْهُ قَالَ: لَا حَاجَةَ لِي بِهِ تَقُولُ سَوْدَةُ: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ حَرَمْنَاهُ، قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ لَهَا اسْكُتِي (١) أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الصَّبَّاحُ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحَجَّاجُ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ: زَعْمَ عَطَاءٌ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبِيدَ بْنَ عُمَيْرٍ يَقُولُ سُمِعَتْ عَائِشَةُ ﵂ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ يَمْكُثُ عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ وَيَشْرَبُ عِنْدَهَا عَسَلًا فَتَوَاصَيْتُ أَنَا وَحَفْصَةُ أَنَّ أَيَّتَنَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَلْتَقُلْ إِنِّي أَجِدُ مِنْكَ رِيحَ مَغَافِيرَ، أَكَلْتَ مَغَافِيرَ فَدَخَلَ عَلَى إِحْدَاهُمَا فَقَالَتْ لَهُ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ وَلَنْ أَعُودَ لَهُ، فَنَزَلَتْ: "يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللَّهُ لك تبتغي مرضات أَزْوَاجِكَ" إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: "إِنْ تَتُوبَا إِلَى اللَّهِ" لِعَائِشَةَ وَحَفْصَةَ ﴿وَإِذْ أَسَرَّ النَّبِيُّ إِلَى بَعْضِ أَزْوَاجِهِ حَدِيثًا﴾ لِقَوْلِهِ: بَلْ شَرِبْتُ عَسَلًا (٢) وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَقَالَ: قَالَ: لَا وَلَكِنْ كُنْتُ أَشْرَبُ عَسَلًا عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ فَلَنْ أَعُودَ لَهُ، وَقَدْ حَلَفْتُ لَا تُخْبِرِي بِذَلِكَ أَحَدًا يَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ مَرْضَاةَ أَزْوَاجِهِ (٣) . وَقَالَ الْمُفَسِّرُونَ: وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقْسِمُ بَيْنَ نِسَائِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ حَفْصَةَ اسْتَأْذَنَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي زِيَارَةِ أَبِيهَا فَأَذِنَ لَهَا، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَتْ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى جَارِيَتِهِ مَارِيَةَ الْقِبْطِيَّةِ فَأَدْخَلَهَا بَيْتَ حَفْصَةَ، فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا رَجَعَتْ حَفْصَةُ وَجَدَتِ الْبَابَ مُغْلَقًا فَجَلَسَتْ عِنْدَ الْبَابِ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَوَجْهُهُ يَقْطُرُ عَرَقًا، وَحَفْصَةُ تَبْكِي فَقَالَ: مَا يُبْكِيكِ؟ فَقَالَتْ: إِنَّمَا أَذِنْتَ لِي مِنْ أَجْلِ هَذَا أَدْخَلْتَ أَمَتَكَ بَيْتِي، ثُمَّ وَقَعْتَ عَلَيْهَا فِي يَوْمِي وَعَلَى فِرَاشِي، أَمَا رَأَيْتَ لِي حُرْمَةً وَحَقًّا؟ مَا كُنْتَ تَصْنَعُ هَذَا بِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَلَيْسَتْ هِيَ جَارِيَتِي أَحَلَّهَا اللَّهُ لِي؟ اسْكُتِي فَهِيَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيَّ أَلْتَمِسُ بِذَاكَ رِضَاكِ، فَلَا تُخْبِرِي بِهَذَا امْرَأَةً مِنْهُنَّ. فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَرَعَتْ حَفْصَةُ الْجِدَارَ الَّذِي بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ عَائِشَةَ فَقَالَتْ: أَلَّا أُبَشِّرُكِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الطلاق، باب (لم تحرم ما أحل الله لك) ٩ / ٣٧٤-٣٧٥، ومسلم في الطلاق، باب وجوب الكفارة على من حرم امرأته ولم ينو الطلاق برقم (١٤٧٤) : ٢ / ١١٠١-١١٠٢. (٢) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير - تفسير سورة التحريم - باب (يا أيها النبي لم تحرم ما أحل الله لك) ٨ / ٦٥٦، ومسلم في الطلاق، باب وجوب الكفارة على من حرم امرأته ولم ينو الطلاق برقم: (١٤٧٤) ٢ / ١١٠٠، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٩ / ٢٢٦. (٣) أخرجه البخاري في الطلاق، باب (لم تحرم ما أحل الله لك) ٩ / ٣٧٤.