Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/121)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

you would still not have attained the merit of their setting out early.” (1)

It is also related that Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, heard a man dressed for travel saying, “Were it not that today is Friday, I would set out.” Umar said, “Set out, for Friday does not prevent one from travelling.” (2)

Reports have been transmitted concerning the recommended practices and merits of Friday, including the following: Abu al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Sarakhsi informed us; Zahir ibn Ahmad al-Faqih informed us; Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Samad al-Hashimi informed us; Abu Mus'ab informed us, from Malik ⦗164b⦘, from Yazid ibn Abd Allah ibn al-Had, from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Harith al-Taymi, from Abu Salamah ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Hurayrah, who said:

“I went out to Mount Sinai (3) and met Ka'b al-Ahbar. I sat with him, and he spoke to me about the Torah, while I spoke to him about the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. Among the things I told him was that I said to him: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said:

‘The best day upon which the sun has risen is Friday. On it Adam was created; on it he was sent down; on it his repentance was accepted; on it he died; and on it the Hour will be established. There is no creature except that, on Friday, from the time it enters the morning until the sun rises, it listens attentively in dread of the Hour—except the jinn and mankind. On it there is an hour in which no Muslim servant happens to be praying and asking Allah for something except that He grants it to him.’

Ka'b said, ‘That is one day in every year.’ I said, ‘Rather, it is in every Friday.’ Ka'b then read the Torah and said, ‘The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, has spoken the truth.’

Abu Hurayrah said: “Then I met Abd Allah ibn Salam and told him of my sitting with Ka'b al-Ahbar and of what I had related to him concerning Friday. Abd Allah ibn Salam said, ‘I know which hour it is: it is the final hour of Friday.’ Abu Hurayrah said, ‘How can it be the final hour of Friday, when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “No Muslim servant happens to be praying at that time”—whereas that is an hour in which no prayer is performed?’ Abd Allah ibn Salam replied, ‘Did the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, not say that whoever sits in a place awaiting the prayer is considered to be in prayer until he performs it?’ Abu Hurayrah said, ‘Indeed.’ He said, ‘Then that is it.’” (4)

(1) A weak hadith. Narrated by al-Tirmidhi in The Book of Prayer, “Chapter on Travelling on Friday,” 3:65-66. Abu Isa said: “We know of this hadith only through this route.” Ali ibn al-Madini said: Yahya ibn Said said that Shubah said, “Al-Hakam heard only five hadiths from Miqsam, which Shubah enumerated; this hadith was not among those enumerated by Shubah. It appears that al-Hakam did not hear this hadith from Miqsam.” Its chain also includes al-Hajjaj ibn Artah, who is weak. It was also narrated in abbreviated form by Imam Ahmad, 1:256; by al-Bayhaqi, 3:187; and by the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:227. (2) Narrated by al-Shafii in his Musnad, 1:150; Abd al-Razzaq in al-Musannaf, 3:250; and al-Bayhaqi in al-Sunan, 3:187. (3) In manuscript B: al-tariq (“the route”). (4) Narrated by Imam Malik in al-Muwatta, The Book of Friday Prayer, “Chapter on What Has Been Reported Regarding the Hour on Friday,” 1:108-109; Abu Dawud in The Book of Prayer, “Chapter on the Virtue of Friday and Friday Night,” 2:3; al-Tirmidhi in The Book of Prayer, “Chapter on the Hour Hoped for on Friday,” 2:618-619, who said: “This hadith is sound”; al-Nasai in The Book of Friday Prayer, “Chapter Mentioning the Hour in Which Supplication Is Answered on Friday,” 3:113-114; al-Shafii in Tartib al-Musnad, pp. 128-129; Imam Ahmad, 2:486; and the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:206-208.

مَا أَدْرَكْتَ فَضْلَ غَدْوَتِهِمْ" (١) وَرُوِيَ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ﵁ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا عَلَيْهِ هَيْئَةُ السَّفَرِ يَقُولُ: لَوْلَا أَنَّ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ لَخَرَجْتُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: اخْرُجْ فَإِنَّ الْجُمُعَةَ لَا تَحْبِسُ عَنْ سِفْرٍ (٢) وَقَدٍّ وَرَدَ أَخْبَارٌ فِي سُنَنِ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ وَفَضْلِهِ مِنْهَا: مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْفَقِيهُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ الْهَاشِمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ، عن مالك ١٦٤/ب عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْهَادِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: خَرَجْتُ إِلَى [الطَّوْرِ] (٣) فَلَقِيتُ كَعْبَ الْأَحْبَارِ، فَجَلَسْتُ مَعَهُ فَحَدَّثَنِي عَنِ التَّوْرَاةِ، وَحَدَّثْتُهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَكَانَ فِيمَا حَدَّثْتُهُ أَنْ قُلْتُ لَهُ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "خَيْرُ يَوْمٍ طَلَعَتْ عَلَيْهِ الشَّمْسُ يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ فِيهِ خُلِقَ آدَمُ، وَفِيهِ أُهْبِطَ وَفِيهِ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِ، وَفِيهِ مَاتَ وَفِيهِ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ وَمَا مِنْ دَابَّةٍ إِلَّا وَهِيَ مُصِيخَةٌ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ مِنْ حِينِ تُصْبِحُ حِينَ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ شَفَقًا مِنَ السَّاعَةِ إِلَّا الْجِنُّ وَالْإِنْسُ وَفِيهِ سَاعَةٌ لَا يُصَادِفُهَا عَبْدٌ مُسْلِمٌ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي يَسْأَلُ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهُ" قَالَ كَعْبٌ: ذَلِكَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ يَوْمٌ، فَقُلْتُ: بَلْ فِي كُلِّ جُمُعَةٍ، قَالَ: فَقَرَأَ كَعْبٌ التَّوْرَاةَ فَقَالَ: صَدَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ. قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: ثُمَّ لَقِيتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ سَلَّامٍ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ بِمَجْلِسِي مَعَ كَعْبِ الْأَحْبَارِ وَمَا حَدَّثْتُهُ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ، فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ: قَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَيَّةَ سَاعَةٍ هِيَ هِيَ آخَرُ سَاعَةٍ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ، قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: وَكَيْفَ تَكُونُ آخَرَ سَاعَةٍ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ! وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَا يُصَادِفُهَا عَبْدٌ مُسْلِمٌ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي" وَتِلْكَ سَاعَةٌ لَا يُصَلَّى فِيهَا؟ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ: أَلَمْ يَقُلْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ جَلَسَ مَجْلِسًا يَنْتَظِرُ الصَّلَاةَ فَهُوَ فِي صَلَاةٍ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَهَا؟ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ: بَلَى، قَالَ: فَهُوَ ذَاكَ (٤) .

(١) حديث ضعيف أخرجه الترمذي في الصلاة، باب ما جاء في السفر يوم الجمعة: ٣ / ٦٥ - ٦٦ قال أبو عيسى: "هذا حديث لا نعرفه إلا من هذا الوجه"، قال علي بن المديني: قال يحيى بن سعيد: قال شعبة: "لم يسمع الحكم من مقسم إلا خمسة أحاديث وعدها شعبة وليس هذا الحديث فيما عدها شعبة. وكأن هذا الحديث لم يسمعه الحكم من مقسم". وفيه أيضا الحجاج بن أرطاة وهو ضعيف. وأخرجه الإمام أحمد مختصرا: ١ / ٢٥٦، والبيهقي: ٣ / ١٨٧، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٢٢٧. (٢) أخرجه الشافعي في مسنده: ١ / ١٥٠، وعبد الرزاق في المصنف: ٣ / ٢٥٠، والبيهقي في السنن: ٣ / ١٨٧. (٣) في "ب" الطريق. (٤) أخرجه الإمام مالك في الموطأ في كتاب الجمعة، باب ما جاء في الساعة التي في يوم الجمعة: ١ / ١٠٨ - ١٠٩، وأبو داود في الصلاة، باب فضل يوم الجمعة وليلة الجمعة: ٢ / ٣، والترمذي في الصلاة، باب ما جاء في الساعة التي ترجى في يوم الجمعة: ٢ / ٦١٨ - ٦١٩ وقال: "هذا حديث صحيح"، والنسائي في الجمعة، باب ذكر الساعة التي يستجاب فيها الدعاء يوم الجمعة: ٣ / ١١٣ - ١١٤، والشافعي في ترتيب المسند: ١٢٨ - ١٢٩، والإمام أحمد: ٢ / ٤٨٦، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٢٠٦ - ٢٠٨.