Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/114)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ya‘qub, informed us: Abu al-Nasr Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; al-Husayn ibn Sufyan, ‘Ali ibn Tayfur, and Abu al-‘Abbas al-Thaqafi narrated to us, saying: Qutaybah narrated to us; ‘Abd al-‘Aziz narrated to us, from Thawr, from Abu al-Ghayth, from Abu Hurayrah, who said:

We were sitting with the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, when Surah al-Jumu‘ah was revealed. When he recited, “And others among them who have not yet joined them,” a man said, “Who are they, Messenger of Allah?” The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, did not answer him until he had asked twice or three times. He said: Sulayman the Persian was among us. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, then placed his hand upon Salman and said, “Were faith to be at the Pleiades, men from these people would attain it.” (1)

Abu Sa‘id ‘Abd Allah ibn Ahmad al-Tahiri informed us; my grandfather, ‘Abd al-Samad ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Bazzar, informed us; Muhammad ibn Zakariyya al-‘Udhafiri informed us; Ishaq al-Dabari informed us; ‘Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us; Ma‘mar informed us, from Ja‘far al-Jazari, from Yazid ibn al-Asamm, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Were the religion to be at the Pleiades, a man—or, he said, men—from the sons of Persia would go forth to attain it.” (2)

‘Ikrimah and Muqatil said: They are the Successors. Ibn Zayd said: They are all those who enter Islam after the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, until the Day of Resurrection. ⦗163/b⦘ This is also the narration of [Ibn] Abi Najih from Mujahid. His words, “who have not yet joined them,” mean: they have not caught up with them, but will come after them. It was also said that “who have not yet joined them” means in merit and precedence, for the Successors cannot attain the rank of the Companions. “And He is the Almighty, the All-Wise.”

“That is the grace of Allah, which He grants to whom He wills; and Allah is the Possessor of tremendous grace. (4) The likeness of those who were charged with the Torah, then failed to uphold it, is that of a donkey carrying volumes. Wretched is the likeness of the people who deny the signs of Allah; and Allah does not guide the wrongdoing people. (5)”

“That is the grace of Allah, which He grants to whom He wills”: that is, Islam and guidance. “And Allah is the Possessor of tremendous grace.” His words, exalted is He, “The likeness of those who were charged with the Torah,” mean: they were obligated to uphold it and act upon what it contains. “Then failed to uphold it”: they did not act upon what it contains, nor did they fulfill its due. “Is that of a donkey carrying volumes”: that is, books containing

(1) Reported by al-Bukhari in the Book of Tafsir, under the interpretation of Surat al-Jumu'ah, 8:641; by Muslim in The Virtues of the Companions, chapter on the virtue of Persia, no. 2546, 4:1972; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:199-200. (2) Reported by Abd al-Razzaq in al-Musannaf, in the Book of al-Jami', chapter on the tribes of the non-Arabs, 11:66; by Muslim in The Virtues of the Companions, chapter on the virtue of Persia, no. 2546, 4:1972; and by the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:199-200. (3) Omitted from manuscript A. (4) Omitted from manuscript B.

يَعْقُوبَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو النَّصْرِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ، وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ طَيْفُورَ، وَأَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الثَّقَفِيُّ قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنْ ثَوْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْغَيْثِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ نَزَلَتْ سُورَةُ الْجُمُعَةِ، فَلَمَّا قَرَأَ: "وَآخَرِينَ مِنْهُمْ لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ" قَالَ رَجُلٌ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَلَمْ يُرَاجِعْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ حَتَّى سَأَلَهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثًا قال: وفينا سليمان الْفَارِسِيُّ قَالَ: فَوَضَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَدَهُ عَلَى سَلْمَانَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: "لَوْ كَانَ الْإِيمَانُ عِنْدَ الثُّرَيَّا لَنَالَهُ رِجَالٌ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ" (١) أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الطَّاهِرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَدِّي عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْبَزَّارُ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا الْعُذَافِرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ الدَّبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ الْجَزَرِيِّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْأَصَمِّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَوْ كَانَ الدِّينُ عِنْدَ الثُّرَيَّا لَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ، أَوْ قَالَ: رِجَالٌ، مِنْ أَبْنَاءِ فَارِسَ حَتَّى يَتَنَاوَلُوهُ" (٢) وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَمُقَاتِلٌ: هُمُ التَّابِعُونَ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ: هُمْ جَمِيعُ مَنْ دَخَلَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ. إِلَى يَوْمِ القيامة وهي ١٦٣/ب رِوَايَةُ [ابْنُ] (٣) أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ. قَوْلُهُ ﴿لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ﴾ أَيْ [لَمْ] (٤) يُدْرِكُوهُمْ وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَكُونُونَ بَعْدَهُمْ. وَقِيلَ: "لَمَّا يَلْحَقُوا بِهِمْ" أَيْ فِي الْفَضْلِ وَالسَّابِقَةِ لِأَنَّ التَّابِعِينَ لَا يُدْرِكُونَ شَأْوَ الصَّحَابَةِ. ﴿وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ﴾ ﴿ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ (٤) مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا بِئْسَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ (٥) ﴾ ﴿ذَلِكَ فَضْلُ اللَّهِ يُؤْتِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ﴾ يَعْنِي الْإِسْلَامَ وَالْهِدَايَةَ. ﴿وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿مَثَلُ الَّذِينَ حُمِّلُوا التَّوْرَاةَ﴾ أَيْ كُلِّفُوا الْقِيَامَ بِهَا وَالْعَمَلَ بِمَا فِيهَا ﴿ثُمَّ لَمْ يَحْمِلُوهَا﴾ لَمْ يَعْمَلُوا بِمَا فِيهَا وَلَمْ يُؤَدُّوا حَقَّهَا ﴿كَمَثَلِ الْحِمَارِ يَحْمِلُ أَسْفَارًا﴾ أَيْ كُتُبًا مِنْ

(١) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير - تفسير سورة الجمعة: ٨ / ٦٤١، ومسلم في فضائل الصحابة، باب فضل فارس برقم: (٢٥٤٦) : ٤ / ١٩٧٢، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ١٩٩ - ٢٠٠. (٢) أخرجه عبد الرزاق في المصنف في كتاب الجامع، باب قبائل العجم: ١١ / ٦٦، ومسلم في فضائل الصحابة، باب فضل فارس برقم: (٢٥٤٦) : ٤ / ١٩٧٢، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ١٩٩ - ٢٠٠. (٣) ساقط من "أ". (٤) ساقط من "ب".