Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/35)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abdullah ibn Mas‘ud, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “They will be given their light according to their deeds. Among them will be one whose light is like a date palm; among them will be one whose light is like a standing man; and the one with the least light will be he whose light reaches only his big toe, flickering out at one moment and burning at another.” (1)

Al-Dahhak and Muqatil said: “Their light will stream before them and to their right” means their records; that is, the records which they were given in their right hands, while their light is before them. (2) The angels will say to them: “Good news for you today: gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein forever. That is the supreme triumph.”

“On the Day when the hypocritical men and women will say to those who believe, ‘Wait for us, so that we may borrow some of your light.’ It will be said, ‘Go back behind you and seek light.’ Then a wall with a gate will be set up between them: within it will be mercy, while on its outer side will be punishment.” (13)

“On the Day when the hypocritical men and women will say to those who believe, ‘Wait for us.’” Al-A‘mash and Hamzah recited it as anẓirūnā, with the initial hamzah carrying an a-vowel and the ẓā’ an i-vowel, meaning: Give us respite. It was also said to mean: Wait for us. The others recited it with the initial alif elided in connected recitation, pronounced with an initial u-vowel when beginning, and with the ẓā’ likewise carrying a u-vowel. The Arabs say unẓurnī and anẓirnī, both meaning: Wait for me.

“So that we may borrow some of your light”: that is, so that we may take light from your light. This is because Allah Most High gives the believers a light according to their deeds, by which they walk across the Sirat (the Bridge). He also gives the hypocrites a light in order to deceive them, as He says: “And He is deceiving them” (al-Nisa 4:141). While they are walking, Allah sends upon them a wind and darkness, which extinguish the light of the hypocrites. This is indicated by His saying: “On the Day when Allah will not disgrace the Prophet and those who believe with him. Their light will stream before them and to their right. They will say, ‘Our Lord, perfect our light for us’” (al-Tahrim 66:8)—for fear that their light may be taken away from them, just as the light of the hypocrites was taken away.

Al-Kalbi said: Rather, the hypocrites draw light from the light of the believers, but are not given any light of their own. When the believers go ahead of them and they remain in darkness, they will say to the believers, “Wait for us, so that we may borrow some of your light.” (3)

“It will be said, ‘Go back behind you.’” Ibn Abbas said: The believers will say this to them. (4) Qatada said: The angels will say to them, “Go back behind you, to where you came from.” (5)

(1) Reported by al-Tabari, 27:223, and authenticated by al-Hakim, 2:478. Al-Suyuti also attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 8:52, to Ibn Abi Shaybah, Ibn Abi Hatim, and Ibn Mardawayh. Al-Iraqi said: “It was narrated by al-Tabarani and al-Hakim ...” Al-Zabidi said: “It was likewise reported by Ibn Abi Shaybah in al-Musannaf, Ibn Jarir, Ibn al-Mundhir, Ibn Abi Hatim, and Ibn Mardawayh.” See: Takhrij Ahadith Ihya Ulum al-Din, 4:1545. (2) See: al-Tabari, 27:223. (3) See: al-Tabari, 17:245-246. (4) See: Ibn Kathir, 4:210. (5) See: al-Durr al-Manthur, 8:54.

وَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ﵄: يُؤْتَوْنَ نُورَهُمْ عَلَى قَدْرِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ، فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُؤْتَى نُورَهُ كَالنَّخْلَةِ، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يُؤْتَى نُورَهُ كَالرَّجُلِ الْقَائِمِ، وَأَدْنَاهُمْ نُورًا مَنْ نُورُهُ أَعْلَى إِبْهَامِهِ فَيُطْفَأُ مَرَّةً وَيَقِدُ مَرَّةً. (١) وَقَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ وَمُقَاتِلٌ: "يَسْعَى نُورُهُمْ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَبِأَيْمَانِهِمْ" كُتُبُهُمْ، يُرِيدُ أَنَّ كُتُبَهُمُ الَّتِي أُعْطُوهَا بِأَيْمَانِهِمْ وَنُورِهِمْ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ (٢) . وَتَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ: ﴿بُشْرَاكُمُ الْيَوْمَ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ﴾ ﴿يَوْمَ يَقُولُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتُ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا انْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ قِيلَ ارْجِعُوا وَرَاءَكُمْ فَالْتَمِسُوا نُورًا فَضُرِبَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِسُورٍ لَهُ بَابٌ بَاطِنُهُ فِيهِ الرَّحْمَةُ وَظَاهِرُهُ مِنْ قِبَلِهِ الْعَذَابُ (١٣) ﴾ ﴿يَوْمَ يَقُولُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ وَالْمُنَافِقَاتُ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا انْظُرُونَا﴾ قَرَأَ الْأَعْمَشُ وَحَمْزَةُ: "أَنْظِرُونَا" بِفَتْحِ الْهَمْزَةِ وَكَسْرِ الظَّاءِ يَعْنِي أَمْهِلُونَا. وَقِيلَ انْتَظِرُونَا. وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ بِحَذْفِ الْأَلْفِ فِي الْوَصْلِ وَضَمِّهَا فِي الِابْتِدَاءِ وَضَمِّ الظَّاءِ، تَقُولُ الْعَرَبُ: انْظُرْنِي وَأَنْظِرْنِي، يَعْنِي انْتَظِرْنِي. ﴿نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ﴾ نَسْتَضِيءُ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُعْطِي الْمُؤْمِنِينَ نُورًا عَلَى قَدْرِ أَعْمَالِهِمْ يَمْشُونَ بِهِ عَلَى الصِّرَاطِ، وَيُعْطِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ أَيْضًا نُورًا خَدِيعَةً لَهُمْ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ ﷿ "وَهُوَ خادعهم" (النساء -١٤١) فبيناهم يَمْشُونَ إِذْ بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ رِيحًا وَظُلْمَةً فَأَطْفَأَتْ نُورَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ: "يَوْمَ لَا يُخْزِي اللَّهُ النَّبِيَّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ نُورُهُمْ يَسْعَى بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَبِأَيْمَانِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا أَتْمِمْ لَنَا نُورَنَا" (التَّحْرِيمِ -٨) مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُسْلَبُوا نُورَهُمْ كَمَا سُلِبَ نُورُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ. وَقَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: بَلْ يَسْتَضِيءُ الْمُنَافِقُونَ بِنُورِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، وَلَا يُعْطَوْنَ النُّورَ، فَإِذَا سَبَقَهُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ وَبَقُوا فِي الظُّلْمَةِ قَالُوا لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، انْظُرُونَا نَقْتَبِسْ مِنْ نُورِكُمْ (٣) ﴿قِيلَ ارْجِعُوا وَرَاءَكُمْ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ (٤) وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: تَقُولُ لَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ: ارْجِعُوا وَرَاءَكُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ جِئْتُمْ (٥)

(١) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ٢٢٣، وصححه الحاكم: ٢ / ٤٧٨. وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٨ / ٥٢ أيضا لابن أبي شيبة، وابن أبي حاتم وابن مردويه. قال العراقي: رواه الطبراني والحاكم ... وقال الزبيدي: وكذا أخرجه ابن أبي شيبة في المصنف وابن جرير وابن المنذر وابن أبي حاتم وابن مردويه. انظر: تخريج أحاديث إحياء علوم الدين: ٤ / ١٥٤٥. (٢) انظر: الطبري: ٢٧ / ٢٢٣. (٣) انظر: الطبري: ١٧ / ٢٤٥ - ٢٤٦. (٤) انظر: ابن كثير: ٤ / ٢١٠. (٥) انظر: الدر المنثور: ٨ / ٥٤.