from it are the people of the desert and those traveling, for their benefit from it is greater than that of one who resides in a settled place. They kindle it at night so that wild beasts will flee from them, so that those who have lost their way may be guided by it, and for other such benefits. This is the view of most Quranic commentators.

Mujāhid and ʿIkrimah said: “For travelers through the wilderness” means for all people who benefit from it, travelers and residents alike: they use it for light in the darkness, warmth against the cold, and benefit from it in cooking and baking.

Al-Ḥasan said: It is a provision for travelers, by which they sustain themselves on their journeys, carrying it in rags and sacks.

Ibn Zayd said: It means for the hungry. The Arabs say, “I have been without food since such-and-such,” meaning: I have not eaten anything.

Quṭrub said: muqwī is a contronym: a poor person is called muqwī because he is devoid of wealth, and a rich person is also called muqwī because of his ability to attain what he wants. One says, “The man has become muqwī,” when his riding animals have become strong, his wealth has increased, and he has attained a state of strength. The meaning is that it contains a benefit for both the wealthy and the poor alike; no one can do without it.

“So glorify the Name of your Lord, the Most Great. I swear by the positions of the stars—and indeed, if only you knew, it is a tremendous oath—” (74–76)