Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/16)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Through this same chain of transmission, the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “They will wear crowns; even the smallest pearl in them will illuminate all that lies between east and west.” (1)

Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Abu Tahir al-Harithi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub informed us; Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallal informed us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us from Muhammad ibn Sulaym, from al-Hajjaj ibn Attab al-Abdi, from Abd Allah ibn Mabad al-Rummani, from Abu Hurayrah, who said: “The lowest-ranking inhabitant of Paradise—and none among them is lowly—will be attended morning and evening by ten thousand servants, each bringing something not possessed by his companion.” (2)

“For the Companions of the Right: a multitude from the former peoples, and a multitude from the later peoples.” (38–40)

His saying, Most High: “For the Companions of the Right,” means: We created them for the Companions of the Right. “A multitude from the former peoples”: from among the believers who came before this community. “And a multitude from the later peoples”: from among the believers of this community. This was the view of Ata and Muqatil.

Abu Said al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Tha‘labi informed us; al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Adl informed me; Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Daqqaq related to us; Muhammad ibn Abd al-Aziz related to us; ⦗151/a⦘ Isa ibn al-Musawir related to us; al-Walid ibn Muslim related to us; Isa ibn Musa related to us from Urwah ibn Ruwaym, who said: When Allah revealed to His Messenger, “A multitude from the former peoples, and few from the later peoples,” Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, wept and said, “O Prophet of Allah, we have believed in the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and affirmed him; yet will only a few of us be saved?” Then Allah, Most High, revealed: “A multitude from the former peoples, and a multitude from the later peoples.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, summoned Umar and said, “Allah has revealed concerning what you said.” Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said, “We are content with our Lord and with believing our Prophet.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “From Adam until us there will be a multitude, and from me until the Day of Resurrection there will be a multitude; and it will be completed only by Black camel-herders who profess that there is no god but Allah.” (3)

Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nuaymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Ismail related to us; Musaddad related to us; Husayn ibn Numayr related to us from Husayn ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Said ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas, who said: One day, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, came out to us and said: “The nations were presented before me, and one prophet after another passed by

(1) See the previous commentary. (2) Recorded by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:219. Its editor said: “Muhammad ibn Sulaym is Abu Hilal al-Rasibi; there is some weakness in him. As for his teacher, al-Hajjaj ibn Attab, I have not found a biographical entry for him.” (3) This is a mursal hadith (a report with a missing link to the Prophet), and most of Urwah’s hadiths are mursal. See Zad al-Masir, 8:143.

وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ عَلَيْهِمُ التِّيجَانَ، إِنَّ أَدْنَى لُؤْلُؤَةٍ فِيهَا تُضِيءُ مَا بَيْنَ الْمَشْرِقِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ" (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الْحَارِثِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَلِيمٍ عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ عَتَّابٍ الْعَبْدِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَعْبَدٍ الرُّمَّانِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: أَدْنَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ مَنْزِلَةً -وَمَا مِنْهُمْ دَنِيءٌ -لَمَنْ يَغْدُو عَلَيْهِ وَيَرُوحُ عَشَرَةُ آلَافِ خَادِمٍ، مَعَ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ طَرِيفَةٌ لَيْسَتْ مَعَ صَاحِبِهِ (٢) . ﴿لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ (٣٨) ثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ (٣٩) وَثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ (٤٠) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿ ﴿لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ﴾ يُرِيدُ أَنْشَأْنَاهُنَّ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ. ﴿ثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ﴾ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ. ﴿وَثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ﴾ مِنْ مُؤْمِنِي هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ هَذَا قَوْلُ عَطَاءٍ وَمُقَاتِلٍ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَدْلُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّقَّاقُ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ العزيز، حدثنا ١٥١/أعِيسَى بْنُ الْمُسَاوِرِ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ مُوسَى عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ رُوَيْمٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ "ثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَقَلِيلٌ مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ" بَكَى عُمَرُ ﵁ وَقَالَ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ آمَنَّا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَصَدَقْنَاهُ وَمَنْ يَنْجُو مِنَّا قَلِيلٌ؟ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷿: "ثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَثُلَّةٌ مِنَ الْآخِرِينَ" فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ: "قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷿ فِيمَا قُلْتَ" فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ﵁: رَضِينَا عَنْ رَبِّنَا وَتَصْدِيقِ نَبِيِّنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "مِنْ آدَمَ إِلَيْنَا ثُلَّةٌ وَمِنِّي إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ثُلَّةٌ وَلَا يَسْتَتِمُّهَا إِلَّا سُودَانُ مِنْ رُعَاةِ الْإِبِلِ مِمَّنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ (٣) . "أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدُ حَدَّثَنَا حَصِينُ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ عَنْ حَصِينِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا فَقَالَ: "عُرِضَتْ عَلَيَّ الْأُمَمُ فَجَعَلَ يَمُرُّ النَّبِيُّ

(١) انظر: التعليق السابق. (٢) أخرجه المصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢١٩. قال محققه: " محمد بن سليم هو أبو هلال الراسبي، فيه لين، وشيخه الحجاج ابن عتاب لم أقف له على ترجمة". (٣) حديث مرسل، وغالب أحاديث عروة مراسيل وانظر: زاد المسير: ٨ / ١٤٣.