Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (8/13)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And abundant fruit, neither exhausted nor forbidden; and raised couches. Indeed, We have brought them into being anew, and made them virgins.”

“And abundant fruit, neither exhausted nor forbidden”: Ibn Abbas said: “It is not depleted when it is picked, nor is it withheld from anyone who wishes to take it.” Others said: It is neither cut off by the seasons nor inaccessible due to price, as most of the fruits of this world disappear when winter comes and cannot be obtained except by payment. Al-Qutaybi said: This means that access to it is not barred, as access to the gardens of this world is barred.

It is related in a hadith: “Whenever a fruit of Paradise is picked, Allah replaces it with two in its place.” (1)

“And raised couches”: Ali said: “Raised couches,” upon beds. A group of Quran commentators said: They are arranged one above another and are thus raised high.

Abu Sa'id al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi informed us; Ibn Fanjawayh informed me; Ibn Hubaysh related to us; Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Nasa'i related to us; Abu Kurayb related to us; Rushdayn ibn Sa'd related to us from Amr ibn al-Harith, from Darraj Abu al-Samh, from Abu al-Haytham, from Abu Sa'id al-Khudri and Abu Hurayrah, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said concerning the words of Allah Most High, “And raised couches”: “Their height is like the distance between heaven and earth, and the distance between heaven and earth is a journey of five hundred years.” (2)

It was also said that by “couches” He meant women. The Arabs metaphorically call a woman a bed and a garment. “Raised” means that they have been elevated above the women of this world in beauty and virtue. Evidence for this interpretation is His statement immediately afterward: “Indeed, We have brought them into being anew.”

“Indeed, We have brought them into being anew”: that is, We created them in a new creation. Ibn Abbas said: This refers to human women who were aged and gray-haired; that is, We created them anew after old age. “And made them virgins”: virgins.

(1) See Majma al-Zawa'id, 10:414. (2) Recorded by al-Tirmidhi in Sifat al-Jannah (Description of Paradise), chapter: “What has been related concerning the description of the garments of the people of Paradise,” 7:247. He said: “This is an unfamiliar hadith; it is known only through the narration of Rushdayn ibn Sa'd.” Some scholars explained it to mean that the couches are arranged in levels, with the distance between the levels being like that between heaven and earth. It was also recorded by Imam Ahmad in al-Musnad, 3:75, and al-Tabari, 27:185. In al-Targhib wa-al-Tarhib, 4:530, al-Mundhiri attributed it to Ibn Abi al-Dunya and al-Tirmidhi, and quoted al-Hafiz as saying: “Ibn Hibban recorded it in his Sahih, as did al-Bayhaqi and others, through the narration of Ibn Wahb as well, from Amr ibn al-Harith, from Darraj.” Al-Albani graded it weak in his annotation on al-Mishkat, 3:1567. See also Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 4:290.

﴿وَفَاكِهَةٍ كَثِيرَةٍ (٣٢) لَا مَقْطُوعَةٍ وَلَا مَمْنُوعَةٍ (٣٣) وَفُرُشٍ مَرْفُوعَةٍ (٣٤) إِنَّا أَنْشَأْنَاهُنَّ إِنْشَاءً (٣٥) فَجَعَلْنَاهُنَّ أَبْكَارًا (٣٦) ﴾ ﴿وَفَاكِهَةٍ كَثِيرَةٍ لَا مَقْطُوعَةٍ وَلَا مَمْنُوعَةٍ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: لَا تَنْقَطِعُ إِذَا جُنِيَتْ، وَلَا تَمْتَنِعُ مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَرَادَ أَخْذَهَا. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَا مَقْطُوعَةٍ بِالْأَزْمَانِ وَلَا مَمْنُوعَةٍ بِالْأَثْمَانِ، كَمَا يَنْقَطِعُ أَكْثَرُ ثِمَارِ الدُّنْيَا إِذَا جَاءَ الشِّتَاءُ، وَلَا يُتَوَصَّلُ إِلَيْهَا إِلَّا بِالثَّمَنِ. وَقَالَ الْقُتَيْبِيُّ: يَعْنِي لَا يُحْظَرُ عَلَيْهَا كَمَا يُحْظَرُ عَلَى بَسَاتِينِ الدُّنْيَا. وَجَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: "مَا قُطِعَتْ ثَمَرَةٌ مِنْ ثِمَارِ الْجَنَّةِ إِلَّا أَبْدَلَ اللَّهُ مَكَانَهَا ضِعْفَيْنِ" (١) . ﴿وَفُرُشٍ مَرْفُوعَةٍ﴾ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: "وَفُرُشٍ مَرْفُوعَةٍ" عَلَى الْأَسِرَّةِ. وَقَالَ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ: بَعْضُهَا فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ فَهِيَ مَرْفُوعَةٌ عَالِيَةٌ. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ فَنْجَوَيْهِ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ حُبَيْشٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ النَّسَائِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا رِشْدِينُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ دَرَّاجٍ أَبِي السَّمْحِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: "وَفُرُشٍ مَرْفُوعَةٍ" قَالَ: "إِنَّ ارْتِفَاعَهَا لَكَمَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَإِنَّ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ لِمَسِيرَةُ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ" (٢) وَقِيلَ أَرَادَ بِالْفُرُشِ النِّسَاءَ، وَالْعَرَبُ تُسَمِّي الْمَرْأَةَ فِرَاشًا وَلِبَاسًا عَلَى الِاسْتِعَارَةِ "مَرْفُوعَةٍ" رُفِعْنَ بِالْجَمَالِ وَالْفَضْلِ عَلَى نِسَاءِ الدُّنْيَا دَلِيلُ هَذَا التَّأْوِيلِ قَوْلُهُ فِي عَقِبِهِ: ﴿إِنَّا أَنْشَأْنَاهُنَّ إِنْشَاءً﴾ ﴿إِنَّا أَنْشَأْنَاهُنَّ إِنْشَاءً﴾ خَلَقْنَاهُنَّ خَلْقًا جَدِيدًا قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يَعْنِي الْآدَمِيَّاتِ الْعُجْزَ الشُّمْطَ، يَقُولُ خَلَقْنَاهُنَّ بَعْدَ الْهَرَمِ خَلْقًا آخَرَ. ﴿فَجَعَلْنَاهُنَّ أَبْكَارًا﴾ عَذَارَى.

(١) انظر: مجمع الزوائد: ١٠ / ٤١٤. (٢) أخرجه الترمذي في صفة الجنة، باب ما جاء في صفة ثياب أهل الجنة: ٧ / ٢٤٧ وقال: "هذا حديث غريب، لا تعرفه إلا من حديث رشدين بن سعد، وقال بعض أهل العلم في تفسير هذا الحديث: معناه أن الفرش في الدرجات، وبين الدرجات كما بين السماء والأرض"، والإمام أحمد في المسند: ٣ / ٧٥، والطبري: ٢٧ / ١٨٥، وعزاه المنذري في الترغيب والترهييب: ٤ / ٥٣٠ لابن أبي الدنيا والترمذي ونقل عن الحافظ قال: "رواه ابن حبان في صحيحه والبيهقي وغيرهما من حديث ابن وهب أيضا عن عمرو بن الحارث عن دراج". وضعفه الألباني في تعليقه على المشكاة: ٣ / ١٥٦٧، وانظر: تفسير ابن كثير: ٤ / ٢٩٠.