Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/458)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

that al-Hasan narrated from his father, from Umm Salamah, who said: “I said to the Messenger of Allah: ‘Tell me about His saying, “Virtuous, beautiful women.”’ He said: ‘Virtuous in character and beautiful of face.’” (1)

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? Fair maidens, secluded in pavilions.” ⦗149b⦘ That is, confined and screened within curtained chambers. A woman is described as secluded and sheltered when she is kept veiled and does not go out. Mujahid said: This means that they restrain their gaze and devote themselves to their husbands, desiring no substitute for them.

It is narrated from the Prophet that he said: “If a woman from among the women of Paradise were to appear to the inhabitants of the earth, she would illuminate all that lies between heaven and earth and fill it with fragrance. The head-covering upon her head would be better than this world and all that it contains.” (2) (3)

“In pavilions”: this is the plural of tent. Abd al-Wahid al-Malihi informed us; Ahmad ibn Abd Allah al-Nuaymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Ismail related to us; Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna related to us; Abd al-Aziz ibn Abd al-Samad informed us; Imran al-Jawni informed us, from Abu Bakr ibn Abd Allah ibn Qays, from his father, that the Prophet said: “Indeed, the believer will have in Paradise a tent made of a single hollow pearl, sixty miles wide. In every corner of it will be a household that cannot see the others, and the believer will go around among them.” (4)

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? No human or jinn has touched them before. So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? Reclining upon green cushions.” Said ibn Jubayr said: “Cushions” refers to the gardens of Paradise, and “green” means dyed green. This is also narrated from Ibn Abbas. Its singular is rafrafah, and he said that rafarif is a plural of a plural. It was also said that “cushions” means carpets; this was the view of al-Hasan, Muqatil, and al-Qurazi. Al-Awfi narrated from Ibn Abbas: “Cushions” refers to the overhanging parts of couches and carpets.

(1) A portion of a hadith narrated by al-Tabari, 27:158. Al-Suyuti also attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:720, to al-Tabarani and Ibn Mardawayh. Al-Haythami said in Majma al-Zawa'id, 7:119: “Al-Tabarani narrated it, and its chain includes Sulayman ibn Abi Karimah, whom Abu Hatim and Ibn Adi deemed weak.” (2) Omitted from manuscript B. (3) A portion of a hadith narrated by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Jihad, chapter: “The Houris and Their Description,” 6:15. (4) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Tafsir, “Exegesis of Surat al-Rahman,” chapter: “Houris secluded in tents,” 8:624; and by Muslim in Kitab al-Jannah wa Sifat Na'imiha wa Ahliha, chapter: “The Description of the Tents of Paradise and the Spouses Belonging to the Believers Therein,” no. 2838, 4:2182.

الْحَسَنُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: ﴿خَيْرَاتٌ حِسَانٌ﴾ ، قَالَ: "خَيْرَاتُ الْأَخْلَاقِ حِسَانُ الْوُجُوهِ" (١) . ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ حُورٌ مَقْصُورَاتٌ﴾ ١٤٩/ب مَحْبُوسَاتٌ مَسْتُورَاتٌ فِي الْحِجَالِ، يُقَالُ: امْرَأَةٌ مَقْصُورَةٌ وَقَصِيرَةٌ إِذَا كَانَتْ مُخَدَّرَةً مَسْتُورَةً لَا تَخْرُجُ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: يَعْنِي قَصَرْنَ طَرْفَهُنَّ وَأَنْفُسَهُنَّ عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِنَّ فَلَا يَبْغِينَ لَهُمْ بَدَلًا. وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "لَوْ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً مِنْ نِسَاءِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ اطَّلَعَتْ إِلَى [أَهْلِ] (٢) الْأَرْضِ لَأَضَاءَتْ مَا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَمَلَأَتْ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا رِيحًا وَلَنَصِيفُهَا عَلَى رَأْسِهَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا" (٣) . ﴿فِي الْخِيَامِ﴾ جَمْعُ خَيْمَةٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِمْرَانُ الْجَوْنِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ لِلْمُؤْمِنِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ لَخَيْمَةٌ مِنْ لُؤْلُؤَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ مُجَوَّفَةٍ، عَرْضُهَا سِتُّونَ مِيلًا فِي كُلِّ زَاوِيَةٍ مِنْهَا أَهْلٌ مَا يَرَوْنَ الْآخَرِينَ يَطُوفُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمُؤْمِنُ" (٤) . ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلَا جَانٌّ فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ مُتَّكِئِينَ عَلَى رَفْرَفٍ خُضْرٍ﴾ ، قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: "الرَّفْرَفُ": رِيَاضُ الْجَنَّةِ. "خُضْرٍ": مُخَضَّبَةٍ. وَيُرْوَى ذَلِكَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، وَاحِدَتُهَا رَفْرَفَةٌ، وَقَالَ: الرَّفَارِفُ جَمْعُ الْجَمْعِ. وَقِيلَ: "الرَّفْرَفُ": الْبُسُطُ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ الْحَسَنِ وَمُقَاتِلٍ وَالْقُرَظِيِّ وَرَوَى الْعَوْفِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: "الرَّفْرَفُ": فُضُولُ الْمَجَالِسِ وَالْبُسُطِ.

(١) قطعة من حديث أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ١٥٨، وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور أيضًا: ٧ / ٧٢٠ للطبراني وابن مردويه. قال الهيثمي في مجمع الزوائد: ٧ / ١١٩: "رواه الطبراني، وفيه سليمان بن أبي كريمة، ضعفه أبو حاتم وابن عدي". (٢) ساقط من "ب". (٣) قطعه من حديث أخرجه البخاري في الجهاد، باب الحور العين وصفتهن: ٦ / ١٥. (٤) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير -تفسير سورة الرحمن- باب (حور مقصورات في الخيام) : ٨ / ٦٢٤، ومسلم في الجنة وصفة نعيمها وأهلها، باب في صفة خيام الجنة وما للمؤمنين فيها من الأهلين برقم: (٢٨٣٨) : ٤ / ٢١٨٢.