Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/457)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“In both of them will be fruit, palm trees, and pomegranates. (68)”

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? Both will be lush and dark green.” That is, they will be luxuriant and dark from their abundant watering and intense greenness, for when greenness becomes intense, it tends toward blackness. One says that vegetation has become dark when, through abundant watering, it takes on a blackish hue; thus it is described as dark and luxuriant.

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? In both of them will be two gushing springs.” That is, they will overflow with water without ceasing. The term “gushing” denotes water welling up from a spring. Ibn Abbas said: “They will gush forth goodness and blessing upon the people of Paradise.” (1) Ibn Masud said: “They will gush musk and camphor upon Allah’s devoted servants.” (2) Anas ibn Malik said: “They will gush musk and amber throughout the dwellings of the people of Paradise, like the spray of rain.” (3)

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? In both of them will be fruit, palm trees, and pomegranates.” Some held that palm trees and pomegranates are not included among fruit, whereas the majority maintain that they are. Palm trees and pomegranates are mentioned again, although they are included among fruits, for particular emphasis and detailed mention, (4) just as Allah says: “Whoever is an enemy to Allah, His angels, His messengers, Gabriel, and Michael...” (al-Baqarah 2:98).

Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abd Allah ibn Abi Tawbah informed us; Abu Tahir Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn al-Harith informed us; Muhammad ibn Yaqub al-Kisai informed us; Abd Allah ibn Mahmud informed us; Ibrahim ibn Abd Allah al-Khallal informed us; Abd Allah ibn al-Mubarak informed us from Sufyan, from Hammad, from Said ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas, who said: “The trunks of the palm trees of Paradise are of green emerald, their leaves are of red gold, and their fronds are clothing for the people of Paradise, from which are made their garments and robes. Their fruit is like great jars or buckets, whiter than milk, sweeter than honey, and softer than butter; it has no pits.” (5)

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (69) In them will be virtuous, beautiful women. (70) So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (71) Fair maidens, secluded in pavilions. (72) So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (73) No human or jinn has touched them before. (74) So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (75) Reclining upon green cushions and splendid carpets. (76)”

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? In them”—that is, in the four gardens—“will be virtuous, beautiful women.” It is narrated

(1) See: al-Tabari, 27:157; al-Qurtubi, 17:185. (2) See: al-Qurtubi, 17:185. (3) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:716, to Ibn Abi Shaybah and Ibn Abi Hatim. See also: al-Bahr al-Muhit, 8:198; al-Qurtubi, 17:185. (4) Ma'ani al-Quran by al-Farra', 3:119. (5) Mentioned by al-Qurtubi, 17:186.

﴿فِيهِمَا فَاكِهَةٌ وَنَخْلٌ وَرُمَّانٌ (٦٨) ﴾ ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ مُدْهَامَّتَانِ﴾ ، نَاعِمَتَانِ سَوْدَاوَانِ مِنْ رَيِّهِمَا وَشِدَّةِ خُضْرَتِهِمَا، لِأَنَّ الْخُضْرَةَ إِذَا اشْتَدَّتْ ضَرَبَتْ إِلَى السَّوَادِ، يُقَالُ: إِدْهَامَّ الزَّرْعُ إِذَا عَلَاهُ السَّوَادُ رَيًّا ادْهِيمَامًا فَهُوَ مُدْهَامٌّ. ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ فِيهِمَا عَيْنَانِ نَضَّاخَتَانِ﴾ ، فَوَّارَتَانِ بِالْمَاءِ لَا تَنْقَطِعَانِ. "وَالنَّضْخُ": فَوَرَانُ الْمَاءِ مِنَ الْعَيْنِ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: تَنْضَخَانِ بِالْخَيْرِ وَالْبَرَكَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ (١) ، وَقَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: تَنْضَخَانِ بِالْمِسْكِ وَالْكَافُورِ عَلَى أَوْلِيَاءِ اللَّهِ (٢) . وَقَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ: تَنْضَخَانِ بِالْمِسْكِ وَالْعَنْبَرِ فِي دُورِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ كَطَشِّ الْمَطَرِ (٣) . ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ فِيهِمَا فَاكِهَةٌ وَنَخْلٌ وَرُمَّانٌ﴾ ، قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَيْسَ النَّخْلُ وَالرُّمَّانُ مِنَ الْفَاكِهَةِ وَالْعَامَّةُ عَلَى أَنَّهَا مِنَ الْفَاكِهَةِ، وَإِنَّمَا أَعَادَ ذِكْرَ النَّخْلِ وَالرُّمَّانِ وَهُمَا مِنْ جُمْلَةِ الْفَوَاكِهِ لِلتَّخْصِيصِ وَالتَّفْصِيلِ (٤) ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: "مَنْ كَانَ عَدُوًّا لِلَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَجِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَالَ" (الْبَقَرَةِ-٩٨) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي تَوْبَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْكِسَائِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَحْمُودٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَلَّالُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: نَخْلُ الْجَنَّةِ جُذُوعُهَا زُمُرُّدٌ أَخْضَرُ، وَوَرَقُهَا ذَهَبٌ أَحْمَرُ، وَسَعَفُهَا كِسْوَةٌ لِأَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فِيهَا مُقَطَّعَاتُهُمْ وَحُلَلُهُمْ، وَثَمَرُهَا أَمْثَالُ الْقِلَالِ أَوِ الدِّلَاءِ أَشَدُّ بَيَاضًا مِنَ اللَّبَنِ وَأَحْلَى مِنَ الْعَسَلِ وَأَلْيَنُ مِنَ الزُّبْدِ لَيْسَ لَهُ عَجَمٌ (٥) . ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦٩) فِيهِنَّ خَيْرَاتٌ حِسَانٌ (٧٠) فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧١) حُورٌ مَقْصُورَاتٌ فِي الْخِيَامِ (٧٢) فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧٣) لَمْ يَطْمِثْهُنَّ إِنْسٌ قَبْلَهُمْ وَلَا جَانٌّ (٧٤) فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٧٥) مُتَّكِئِينَ عَلَى رَفْرَفٍ خُضْرٍ وَعَبْقَرِيٍّ حِسَانٍ (٧٦) ﴾ ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ فِيهِنَّ﴾ ، يَعْنِي فِي الْجَنَّاتِ الْأَرْبَعِ، ﴿خَيْرَاتٌ حِسَانٌ﴾ رَوَى

(١) انظر: الطبري: ٢٧ / ١٥٧، القرطبي: ١٧ / ١٨٥. (٢) انظر: القرطبي: ١٧ / ١٨٥. (٣) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٧١٦ لابن أبي شيبة، وابن أبي حاتم. وانظر: البحر المحيط: ٨ / ١٩٨، القرطبي: ١٧ / ١٨٥. (٤) معاني القرآن للفراء: ٣ / ١١٩. (٥) ذكره القرطبي: ١٧ / ١٨٦.