Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/456)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abu Sa‘id al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Tha‘labi informed us; Ibn Fanjawayh informed me; [Ibn Shaybah] (1) informed us; Ishaq ibn Ibrahim ibn Bahram informed us; al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Mukattib informed us; Bishr ibn al-Husayn informed us from al-Zubayr ibn ‘Adi, from Anas ibn Malik, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, recited, “Is the reward for excellence anything but excellence?” He then said: “[Do you know what your Lord has said?” They replied, “Allah and His Messenger know best.”] (2) He said: “He says: Is the reward of one upon whom I have bestowed the blessing of belief in My Oneness anything but Paradise?” (3)

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (61) And besides these two, there will be two other gardens. (62)”

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? And besides these two, there will be two other gardens”: that is, besides the first two gardens there will be two further gardens. Ibn ‘Abbas said: “They are beneath them in rank.” Ibn Zayd said: “They are beneath them in merit.” Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari said: “Two gardens of gold are for the foremost, and two gardens of silver are for the followers.” Ibn Jurayj said: “There are four: two gardens for the foremost who are brought near, in which there are two kinds of every fruit; and two gardens for the Companions of the Right and the followers, in which are fruits, palm trees, and pomegranates.”

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Malihi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abd Allah al-Na‘imi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; ‘Ali ibn ‘Abd Allah informed us; ‘Abd al-‘Aziz ibn ‘Abd al-Samad informed us from Abu ‘Imran, from Abu Bakr ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Qays, from his father, from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said: “Two gardens are of silver—their vessels and all that is in them—and two gardens are of gold—their vessels and all that is in them. Nothing stands between the people and their looking upon their Lord except the cloak of majesty over His Face in the Garden of Eden.” (4)

Al-Kisa’i said: “And besides these two, there will be two other gardens” means before them and ahead of them, as indicated by al-Dahhak’s statement: “The two gardens

(1) In manuscript A, the name appears as Abu Shaybah; the correct reading is that established from manuscript B. Al-Dhahabi said in Siyar A'lam al-Nubala', 17:384, in the biography of Ibn Fanjawayh: “Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi narrated from him in his Tafsir. The hadith master Abu al-Fadl al-Falaki criticized him, saying, ‘He did not hear from Ubayd Allah ibn Shaybah.’ Ibn Fanjawayh then left Hamadhan angrily. Al-Falaki followed him and apologized, retracting his statement.” (2) The words within parentheses are omitted in manuscript A. (3) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:714, to al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi in Nawadir al-Usul, al-Daylami in Musnad al-Firdaws, and Ibn al-Najjar in his history. Its chain includes Bishr ibn al-Husayn al-Isfahani. Ibn Hibban said in al-Majruhin wa al-Du'afa', 1:190: “He narrates from al-Zubayr, from 'Adi, a fabricated collection whose numerous hadiths have no basis. He narrates it from al-Zubayr, from Anas, as approximately one hundred and fifty musnad hadiths, although al-Zubayr heard only one hadith from Anas.” See also al-Dhahabi, Mizan al-I'tidal, 1:315-316. (4) Recorded by al-Bukhari in al-Tafsir, under the commentary on Surat al-Rahman, in the chapter on “And beneath them are two gardens,” 8:623-624; by Muslim in al-Iman, in the chapter affirming that the believers will see their Lord in the Hereafter, no. 180, 1:163; and by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 15:216.

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ فَنْجَوَيْهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا [ابْنُ شَيْبَةَ] (١) ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ بَهْرَامَ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْمُكْتِبُ، أَخْبَرَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ بْنِ عَدِيٍّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ قَالَ: قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "هَلْ جَزَاءُ الْإِحْسَانِ إِلَّا الْإِحْسَانُ" ثُمَّ قَالَ: [هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا قَالَ رَبُّكُمْ؟ " قَالُوا: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ] (٢) قَالَ: "يَقُولُ هَلْ جَزَاءُ مَنْ أَنْعَمْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِالتَّوْحِيدِ إِلَّا الْجَنَّةُ" (٣) . ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٦١) وَمِنْ دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ (٦٢) ﴾ ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ وَمِنْ دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ﴾ ، أَيْ مِنْ دُونِ الْجَنَّتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ جَنَّتَانِ أُخْرَيَانِ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: مِنْ دُونِهِمَا فِي الدَّرَجِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ زَيْدٍ: مِنْ دُونِهِمَا فِي الْفَضْلِ. وَقَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ: جَنَّتَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ لِلسَّابِقِينَ وَجَنَّتَانِ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ لِلتَّابِعِينَ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ: هُنَّ أَرْبَعٌ جَنَّتَانِ لِلْمُقَرَّبِينَ السَّابِقِينَ فِيهِمَا من كل مِنْ فَاكِهَةٍ زَوْجَانِ، وَجَنَّتَانِ لِأَصْحَابِ الْيَمِينِ وَالتَّابِعِينَ ﴿فِيهِمَا فَاكِهَةٌ وَنَخْلٌ وَرُمَّانٌ﴾ . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ، عَنْ أَبِي عِمْرَانَ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "جَنَّتَانِ مِنْ فِضَّةٍ آنِيَتُهُمَا وَمَا فِيهِمَا، وَجَنَّتَانِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ آنِيَتُهُمَا وَمَا فِيهِمَا، وَمَا بَيْنَ الْقَوْمِ وَبَيْنَ أَنْ يَنْظُرُوا إِلَى رَبِّهِمْ إِلَّا رِدَاءُ الْكِبْرِيَاءِ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ فِي جَنَّةِ عَدْنٍ" (٤) . وَقَالَ الْكِسَائِيُّ: "وَمِنْ دُونِهِمَا جَنَّتَانِ" أَيْ أَمَامَهُمَا وَقَبْلَهُمَا، يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ قَوْلُ الضَّحَّاكِ: الْجَنَّتَانِ

(١) في "أ" أبو شيبة، والصحيح ما أثبتناه من "ب". قال الذهبي في سير أعلام النبلاء: ١٧ / ٣٨٤ في ترجمة ابن فنجويه: "وقد حدث عنه أبو إسحاق الثعلبي في التفسير، وتكلم فيه الحافظ أبو الفضل الفلكي، وقال: ما سمع من عبيد الله بن شيبة. فخرج ساخطًا من همذان فتبعه الفلكي واعتذر، ورجع عن مقالته". (٢) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ". (٣) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٧١٤ للحكيم الترمذي في "نوادر الأصول"، والديلمي في "مسند الفردوس"، وابن النجارفي تاريخه. وفيه بشر بن الحسين الأصبهاني، قال ابن حبان في المجروحين والضعفاء: (١ / ١٩٠) : "يروي عن الزبير عن عدي بنسخة موضوعة، ما لكثير حديث فيها أصل، يرويها عن الزبير عن أنس شبيهًا بمائة وخمسين حديثًا مسانيد كلها، وإنما سمع الزبير من أنس حديثًا واحدًا.." وانظر: ميزان الاعتدال للذهبي: ١ / ٣١٥-٣١٦. (٤) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير-تفسير سورة الرحمن- باب (ومن دونهما جنتان) ٨ / ٦٢٣-٦٢٤، ومسلم في الإيمان، باب إثبات رؤية المؤمنين في الآخرة ربهم ﷾ برقم: (١٨٠) : ١ / ١٦٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٥ / ٢١٦.