Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/452)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Abdullah ibn Umar al-Jawhari informed us; Ahmad ibn Ali al-Kushmihani informed us; Ali ibn Hujr informed us; Ismail ibn Jafar informed us, from Muhammad ibn Abi Harmalah, the client of Huwaytib ibn Abd al-Uzza, from Ata ibn Yasar, from Abu al-Darda, may Allah be pleased with him, who heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, reciting from the pulpit: “Whoever fears standing before his Lord will have two gardens.” I said, “Even if he commits adultery and steals, O Messenger of Allah?” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, replied: “Whoever fears standing before his Lord will have two gardens.” I asked a second time, “Even if he commits adultery and steals, O Messenger of Allah?” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, replied: “Whoever fears standing before his Lord will have two gardens.” I asked a third time, “Even if he commits adultery and steals, O Messenger of Allah?” He said, “Even if he commits adultery and steals—much to Abu al-Darda’s dismay.” (1)

“Both with spreading branches (48). So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (49) In both are two flowing springs (50). So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny? (51) In both are two kinds of every fruit (52).”

“So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny?” He then described the two gardens, saying:

“Both with spreading branches”: that is, branches; the singular is fanan, meaning a straight, elongated branch. This was the view of Mujahid, Ikrimah, and al-Kalbi. Ikrimah also said: the shade of the branches cast upon the walls. Al-Hasan said: possessing shades. Ibn Abbas said: colors. Said ibn Jubayr and al-Dahhak said: varieties of fruit; its singular is fann, as in the expression, “So-and-so branched out in his speech,” when he takes up various subjects and modes of expression. Ata reconciled the two views, saying: On every branch are varieties of fruit. Qatadah said: possessing excellence and abundance beyond all else. “So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny?”

“In both are two flowing springs.” Ibn Abbas said: flowing as an honor and added bounty for the people of Paradise. Al-Hasan said: they flow with pure, sweet water; one of them is Tasnim and the other Salsabil. Atiyyah said: one of them is of water that does not go stale, and the other of wine, delicious to those who drink. “So which of your Lord’s favors will you two deny?”

“In both are two kinds of every fruit”: that is, two classes and two varieties. It was said: This means that in them are two kinds of everything that is enjoyed

(1) Recorded by al-Nasai in his Tafsir, 2:374-375; Imam Ahmad, 2:357; Ibn Abi Asim in al-Sunnah, 2:472; al-Tabari, 27:146; Ibn Khuzaymah in al-Tawhid, p. 223; and the author in Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:386. Ibn Hajar attributes it in al-Matalib al-Aliyah, 3:382, to Ibn Mani. Al-Haythami said in Majma al-Zawaid, 7:118: “Ahmad and al-Tabarani narrated it, with the wording: ‘From Urwah ibn al-Aswad, who went out ...’” He then cited the hadith and said: “Ahmad’s narrators are the narrators of the Sahih.” Al-Suyuti attributes it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:707, to Ibn Mani, al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi in Nawadir al-Usul, al-Bazzar, Abu Yala, Ibn Abi Hatim, Ibn al-Mundhir, al-Tabarani, and Ibn Mardawayh. Al-Albani authenticated it in Zilal al-Jannah, 2:472-473.

أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْجَوْهَرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْكُشْمِهَينِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حَرْمَلَةَ مَوْلَى حُوَيْطِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ ﵁ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُصُّ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: "وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ جَنَّتَانِ" قُلْتُ: وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ جَنَّتَانِ" فَقُلْتُ الثَّانِيَةَ: وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "وَلِمَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ جَنَّتَانِ". فَقُلْتُ الثَّالِثَةَ: وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: "وَإِنْ زَنَى وَإِنْ سَرَقَ عَلَى رَغْمِ أَنْفِ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ" (١) . ﴿ذَوَاتَا أَفْنَانٍ (٤٨) فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٤٩) فِيهِمَا عَيْنَانِ تَجْرِيَانِ (٥٠) فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ (٥١) فِيهِمَا مِنْ كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ زَوْجَانِ (٥٢) ﴾ ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ﴾ ثُمَّ وَصَفَ الْجَنَّتَيْنِ فَقَالَ: ﴿ذَوَاتَا أَفْنَانٍ﴾ ، أَغْصَانٍ، وَاحِدُهَا فَنَنٌ، وَهُوَ الْغُصْنُ الْمُسْتَقِيمُ طُولًا. وَهَذَا قَوْلُ مُجَاهِدٍ وَعِكْرِمَةَ وَالْكَلْبِيِّ. وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: ظِلُّ الْأَغْصَانِ عَلَى الْحِيطَانِ. قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: ذَوَاتَا ظِلَالٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: أَلْوَانٌ. قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ وَالضَّحَّاكُ: أَلْوَانُ الْفَاكِهَةِ، وَاحِدُهَا فَنٌّ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ أَفْنَنَ فُلَانٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ إِذَا أَخَذَ فِي فُنُونٍ مِنْهُ وَضُرُوبٍ. وَجَمَعَ عَطَاءٌ بَيْنَ الْقَوْلَيْنِ فَقَالَ: فِي كُلِّ غُصْنٍ فُنُونٌ مِنَ الْفَاكِهَةِ. وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ: ذَوَاتَا فَضْلٍ وَسَعَةٍ عَلَى مَا سِوَاهُمَا ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ﴾ . ﴿فِيهِمَا عَيْنَانِ تَجْرِيَانِ﴾ ، قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: بِالْكَرَامَةِ وَالزِّيَادَةِ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ. قَالَ الْحَسَنُ: تَجْرِيَانِ بِالْمَاءِ الزُّلَالِ، إِحْدَاهُمَا التَّسْنِيمُ وَالْأُخْرَى السَّلْسَبِيلُ. وَقَالَ عَطِيَّةُ: إِحْدَاهُمَا مِنْ مَاءٍ غَيْرِ آسِنٍ وَالْأُخْرَى مَنْ خَمْرٍ لَذَّةٍ لِلشَّارِبِينَ ﴿فَبِأَيِّ آلَاءِ رَبِّكُمَا تُكَذِّبَانِ﴾ . ﴿فِيهِمَا مِنْ كُلِّ فَاكِهَةٍ زَوْجَانِ﴾ صِنْفَانِ وَنَوْعَانِ قِيلَ: مَعْنَاهُ: إِنَّ فِيهِمَا مِنْ كُلِّ مَا يُتَفَكَّهُ

(١) أخرجه النسائي في كتابه " التفسير": ٢ / ٣٧٤-٣٧٥، والإمام أحمد: ٢ / ٣٥٧، وابن أبي عاصم في السنة:٢ / ٤٧٢، والطبري: ٢٧ / ١٤٦، وابن خزيمة في التوحيد ص ٢٢٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٣٨٦. وعزاه ابن حجر في المطالب العالية:٣ / ٣٨٢ لابن منيع. قال الهيثمي في مجمع الزوائد: (٧ / ١١٨) : "رواه أحمد والطبراني، ولفظه: عن عروة بن الأسود أنه خرج.." وساق الحديث - ثم قال: "ورجال أحمد رجال الصحيح". وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٧٠٧ لابن منيع والحكيم الترمذي في نوادر الأصول والبراز وأبي يعلى وابن أبي حاتم وابن المنذر والطبراني وابن مردويه. وصححه الألباني في ظلال الجنة: ٢ / ٤٧٢-٤٧٣.