Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/421)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“While you are heedlessly occupied (61). So prostrate to Allah and worship Him (62).”

“While you are heedlessly occupied”: that is, distracted and unaware. Sumūd means being inattentive to something and engrossed in diversion. One says, “Leave off your sumūd,” meaning, your amusement. This was narrated by al-Walibi and al-‘Awfi from Ibn ‘Abbas (1). ‘Ikrimah narrated from him that it means singing in the dialect of the people of Yemen: whenever they heard the Quran, they would sing and play (2). Al-Dahhak said: “They are insolent and ungrateful.” Mujahid said: “They are angry, pursing their lips.” He was asked, “What does pursing the lips mean?” He replied, “Turning away.” (3)

“So prostrate to Allah and worship Him”: that is, worship Him.

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abdullah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il related to us; Musaddad related to us; ‘Abd al-Warith related to us; Ayyub related to us from ‘Ikrimah, from Ibn ‘Abbas, that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prostrated upon reciting Surah al-Najm, and the Muslims, the polytheists, the jinn, and humankind prostrated with him. (4)

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abdullah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il informed us; Nasr ibn ‘Ali related to us; Abu Ahmad informed me; Isra’il related to us from Abu Ishaq, from al-Aswad ibn Yazid, from ‘Abdullah, who said: “The first surah revealed containing a verse of prostration was Surah al-Najm.” He said: “The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, prostrated, as did those behind him, except for one man whom I saw take a handful of dust and prostrate upon it. Later, I saw that he was killed as a disbeliever; he was Umayyah ibn Khalaf.” (5)

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abdullah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il related to us; Adam ibn Abi Iyas informed us; Ibn Abi Dhi’b informed us; Yazid ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Qusayt informed us from ‘Ata’ ibn Yasar, from Zayd ibn Thabit, who said: “I recited ‘By the Star’ to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, but he did not prostrate during it.” (6)

I said: (7) This indicates that the prostration of recitation is not obligatory. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said:

(1) See: Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:667. (2) Reported by al-Tabari, 27:82. Al-Suyuti attributed it in Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:667, to Sa'id ibn Mansur and Abd ibn Humayd. (3) Reported by al-Tabari, 27:82. Al-Suyuti attributed it in Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:667, to Abd ibn Humayd and Ibn al-Mundhir. (4) Reported by al-Bukhari in Kitab Sujud al-Quran (The Book of Quranic Prostrations), chapter: “The Prostration of the Muslims Along with the Polytheists,” 2:553; and in the exegesis of Surat al-Najm, 8:614; and by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 3:301. (5) Reported by al-Bukhari in the section on exegesis, in the exegesis of Surat al-Najm, chapter: “So prostrate to Allah and worship Him,” 8:614; the wording is his. Also reported by Muslim in Kitab al-Masajid (The Book of Mosques), chapter: “The Prostration of Quranic Recitation,” no. 576, 1:405. (6) Reported by al-Bukhari in Kitab Sujud al-Tilawah (The Book of Prostration upon Recitation), chapter: “One Who Recites a Verse of Prostration but Does Not Prostrate,” 2:554; the wording is his. Also reported by Muslim in Kitab al-Masajid, no. 577, 1:406; and by the compiler of Sharh al-Sunnah, 3:310. (7) In manuscript “B”: “The shaykh, the imam, may Allah have mercy on him, said.”

﴿وَأَنْتُمْ سَامِدُونَ (٦١) فَاسْجُدُوا لِلَّهِ وَاعْبُدُوا (٦٢) ﴾ ﴿وَأَنْتُمْ سَامِدُونَ﴾ لَاهُونَ غَافِلُونَ، وَ"السُّمُودُ": الْغَفْلَةُ عَنِ الشَّيْءِ وَاللَّهْوُ، يُقَالُ: دَعْ عَنْكَ سُمُودَكَ أَيْ لَهْوَكَ، هَذَا رِوَايَةُ الْوَالِبِيُّ وَالْعَوْفِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (١) وَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ عَنْهُ: هُوَ الْغِنَاءُ بِلُغَةِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ، وَكَانُوا إِذَا سَمِعُوا الْقُرْآنَ تَغَنَّوْا وَلَعِبُوا (٢) . وَقَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ: أَشِرُونَ بَطِرُونَ. وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: غِضَابٌ مُبَرْطِمُونَ. فَقِيلَ لَهُ: مَا الْبَرْطَمَةُ؟ قَالَ: الْإِعْرَاضُ (٣) . ﴿فَاسْجُدُوا لِلَّهِ وَاعْبُدُوا﴾ أَيْ: وَاعْبُدُوهُ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ: سَجَدَ بِالنَّجْمِ وَسَجَدَ مَعَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ وَالْجِنُّ وَالْإِنْسُ (٤) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا نَصْرُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو أَحْمَدَ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: أَوَّلُ سُورَةٍ أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهَا سَجْدَةٌ: النَّجْمُ، قَالَ: فَسَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسَجَدَ مَنْ خَلْفَهُ إِلَّا رَجُلًا رَأَيْتُهُ أَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ تُرَابٍ فَسَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ، فَرَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ قُتِلَ كَافِرًا، وَهُوَ أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ (٥) . وَأَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، أَخْبَرَنَا آدَمُ بْنُ أَبِي إِيَاسٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قُسَيْطٍ عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ قَالَ: قَرَأْتُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ "وَالنَّجْمِ" فَلَمْ يَسْجُدْ فِيهَا (٦) . قُلْتُ (٧) : فَهَذَا دَلِيلٌ عَلَى أَنْ سُجُودَ التِّلَاوَةِ غَيْرُ وَاجِبٍ. قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ﵁:

(١) انظر: الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٦٦٧. (٢) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ٨٢، وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٦٦٧ لسعيد بن منصور، وعبد بن حميد. (٣) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ٨٢، وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٦٦٧ لعبد بن حميد، وابن المنذر. (٤) أخرجه البخاري في سجود القرآن، باب سجود المسلمين مع المشركين: ٢ / ٥٥٣ وفي تفسير سورة (النجم) ٨ / ٦١٤، والمصنف في شرح السنة:٣ / ٣٠١. (٥) أخرجه البخاري في التفسير - تفسير سورة (والنجم) ،: باب (فاسجدوا لله واعبدوا) : ٨ / ٦١٤ واللفظ له، ومسلم في المساجد، باب سجود التلاوة برقم: (٥٧٦) : ١ / ٤٠٥. (٦) أخرجه البخاري في سجود التلاوة، باب من قرأ السجدة ولم يسجد: ٢ / ٥٥٤ واللفظ له، ومسلم في المساجد برقم: (٥٧٧) : ١ / ٤٠٦، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٣ / ٣١٠. (٧) في "ب" قال الشيخ الإمام ﵀.