Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/406)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Near it is the Garden of Refuge (15), when there covered the lote tree that which covered it (16). The sight did not swerve, nor did it transgress (17). He certainly saw some of the greatest signs of his Lord (18).”

Concerning His saying, “Near it is the Garden of Refuge”: Ata related from Ibn Abbas: “It is a garden to which Gabriel and the angels resort.” Muqatil and al-Kalbi said: “The souls of the martyrs resort to it.”

Concerning His saying, “When there covered the lote tree that which covered it”: Ibn Masud said: “Golden moths.”

It has been related to us in the hadith of the Ascension, from Anas, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: “Then I was taken to the Lote Tree of the Utmost Boundary, and its leaves were like the ears of elephants, while its fruit was like large jars. When that which Allah commanded covered it covered it, it changed; and no one among Allah’s creation could describe it because of its beauty. Then He revealed to me what He revealed, and prescribed for me fifty prayers in every day and night.” (1)

Muqatil said: “The angels cover it like crows.” Al-Suddi said: “Like birds.” It is related from Abu al-Aliyah, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, or from someone else, that he said: “The light of all created beings covered it, and the angels covered it, out of love for Allah, like crows when they alight upon a tree.” He said: “Then He spoke to him at that point and said to him: ‘Ask.’” (2)

Al-Hasan said: “The light of the Lord of Might covered it, and it was illumined.” It is also related in a hadith: “I saw an angel standing upon each of its leaves, glorifying Allah Most High.” (3)

Concerning His saying, “The sight did not swerve, nor did it transgress”: that is, the Prophet’s sight, peace and blessings be upon him, neither turned to the right nor to the left, nor did it go beyond what he saw. It was also said: It did not go beyond what he had been commanded. This describes his excellent conduct in that station, for he did not turn to either side.

Concerning His saying, “He certainly saw some of the greatest signs of his Lord”: that is, the tremendous signs. It was also said that this refers to what he saw that night on his outward journey and return journey, as indicated by His saying: “That We might show him of Our signs” (al-Isra, 17:1). It was also said that its meaning is: He certainly saw, among the signs of his Lord, the greatest sign.

Ismail ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa al-Juludi informed us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan related to us; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj related to us; Ubayd Allah ibn Muadh al-Anbari related to us; my father related to us; he related to us:

(1) Part of a hadith narrated by Muslim in Kitab al-Iman, chapter: “The Night Journey of the Messenger of Allah...,” no. 162, 1:145-146. (2) Narrated by al-Tabari, 27:56; see also Ibn Kathir’s Tafsir, 4:253. (3) Narrated by al-Tabari, 27:56.

﴿عِنْدَهَا جَنَّةُ الْمَأْوَى (١٥) إِذْ يَغْشَى السِّدْرَةَ مَا يَغْشَى (١٦) مَا زَاغَ الْبَصَرُ وَمَا طَغَى (١٧) لَقَدْ رَأَى مِنْ آيَاتِ رَبِّهِ الْكُبْرَى (١٨) ﴾ ﴿عِنْدَهَا جَنَّةُ الْمَأْوَى﴾ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: جَنَّةٌ يَأْوِي إِلَيْهَا جِبْرِيلُ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ. وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ وَالْكَلْبِيُّ: يَأْوِي إِلَيْهَا أَرْوَاحُ الشُّهَدَاءِ. ﴿إِذْ يَغْشَى السِّدْرَةَ مَا يَغْشَى﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: فِرَاشٌ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ. وَرُوِّينَا فِي حَدِيثِ الْمِعْرَاجِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ بِي إِلَى سِدْرَةِ الْمُنْتَهَى فَإِذَا وَرَقُهَا كَآذَانِ الْفِيَلَةِ، وَإِذَا ثَمَرُهَا كَالْقِلَالِ، فَلَمَّا غَشَّى مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ مَا غَشَّى تَغَيَّرَتْ، فَمَا أَحَدٌّ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَنْعَتَهَا مِنْ حُسْنِهَا، وَأَوْحَى إِلَيَّ مَا أَوْحَى فَفَرَضَ عَلَيَّ خَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ" (١) . وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: تَغْشَاهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَمْثَالَ الْغِرْبَانِ وَقَالَ السُّدِّيُّ: مِنَ الطُّيُورِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةِ ﵁ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ قَالَ: غَشِيَهَا نُورُ الْخَلَائِقِ وَغَشِيَتْهَا الْمَلَائِكَةُ مِنْ حُبِّ اللَّهِ أَمْثَالَ الْغِرْبَانِ حِينَ يَقَعْنَ عَلَى الشَّجَرَةِ. قَالَ: فَكَلَّمَهُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: سَلْ (٢) . وَعَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: غَشِيَهَا نُورُ رَبِّ الْعِزَّةِ فَاسْتَنَارَتْ. وَيُرْوَى فِي الْحَدِيثِ: "رَأَيْتُ عَلَى كُلِّ وَرَقَةٍ مِنْهَا مَلَكًا قَائِمًا يُسَبِّحُ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى" (٣) . ﴿مَا زَاغَ الْبَصَرُ وَمَا طَغَى﴾ أَيْ: مَا مَالَ بَصَرُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَمِينًا وَلَا شِمَالًا وَمَا طَغَى، أَيْ مَا جَاوَزَ مَا رَأَى. وَقِيلَ: مَا جَاوَزَ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ وَهَذَا وَصْفُ أَدَبِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَقَامِ إِذْ لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ جَانِبًا. ﴿لَقَدْ رَأَى مِنْ آيَاتِ رَبِّهِ الْكُبْرَى﴾ يَعْنِي: الْآيَاتِ الْعِظَامِ. وَقِيلَ: أَرَادَ مَا رَأَى تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ فِي مَسِيرِهِ وَعَوْدِهِ، دَلِيلُهُ قَوْلُهُ: "لِنُرِيَهُ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا"، (الْإِسْرَاءِ-١) وَقِيلَ: مَعْنَاهُ لَقَدْ رَأَى مِنْ آيَاتِ رَبِّهِ الْآيَةَ الْكُبْرَى. أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْجُلُودِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ الْعَنْبَرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا

(١) قطعة من حديث أخرجه مسلم في الإيمان، باب الإسراء برسول الله صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ٠٠٠ برقم: (١٦٢) : ١ / ١٤٥-١٤٦. (٢) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ٥٦، وانظر تفسير ابن كثير: ٤ / ٢٥٣. (٣) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ٥٦.