Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/403)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“The heart did not deny what it saw.” (11)

Regarding His saying, “The heart did not deny what it saw,” Abu Ja‘far recited the verb in its intensive form, meaning: the heart of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, did not deny what he saw with his eyes that night; rather, it affirmed and verified it. The others recited it in the non-intensive form, meaning: the heart of Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, did not belie what he saw; rather, it affirmed it. One says that a person belied another when he called him a liar. Thus, the meaning is: the heart did not belie what it saw.

They differed concerning what he saw. Some said that he saw Gabriel, and this was the view of Ibn Mas‘ud and Aishah.

Isma‘il ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa informed us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan related to us; Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj related to us; Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah related to us; Hafs—that is, Ibn Ghiyath—related to us, from al-Shaybani, from Zirr, from Abd Allah, who said regarding “The heart did not deny what it saw”: “He saw Gabriel, who had six hundred wings.” (1)

Others said that it was Allah, exalted is He. They then differed regarding the nature of this vision. Some of them said: Allah placed his sight in his heart, and so he saw Him with his heart. This was the view of Ibn Abbas.

Isma‘il ibn Abd al-Qahir informed us; Abd al-Ghafir ibn Muhammad informed us; Muhammad ibn Isa al-Juludi informed us; Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn Sufyan related to us; Muslim ibn Hajjaj related to us; Abu Sa‘id al-Ashajj related to us; Waki‘ related to us; al-A‘mash related to us, from Ziyad ibn al-Husayn, from Abu al-‘Aliyah, from Ibn Abbas, regarding: “The heart did not deny what it saw,” and, “And indeed he saw him on another descent.” He said: “He saw Him with his heart twice.” (2)

A group held that he saw Him with his eyes ⦗143/a⦘, and this was the view of Anas, al-Hasan, and Ikrimah. They said: “Muhammad saw his Lord.” (3) Ikrimah narrated from Ibn Abbas that he said: “Allah chose Abraham for intimate friendship, chose Moses for speech, and chose Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, for vision.” (4)

Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her, would say: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, did not see his Lord,” and she understood the verse as referring to his seeing Gabriel, peace be upon him:

(1) Narrated by Muslim in Kitab al-Iman, chapter: “Mention of Sidrat al-Muntaha,” no. 174, 1:158; and by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Tafsir, Tafsir Surat al-Najm, chapter: “Then He revealed to His servant what He revealed,” 8:610. (2) Narrated by Muslim in Kitab al-Iman, chapter: “The meaning of Allah’s saying, ‘And indeed he saw him on another descent ...,’” no. 176, 1:158. (3) Ibn Kathir mentioned this, 4:251, and said: “There is room for consideration in it; and Allah knows best.” Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:647, to Ibn Mardawayh. (4) Narrated by al-Tabari, 27:48.

﴿مَا كَذَبَ الْفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى (١١) ﴾ ﴿مَا كَذَبَ الْفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى﴾ قَرَأَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ "مَا كَذَّبَ الْفُؤَادُ" بِتَشْدِيدِ الذَّالِ أَيْ: مَا كَذَّبَ قَلْبُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ مَا رَأَى بِعَيْنِهِ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ، بَلْ صَدَّقَهُ وَحَقَّقَهُ، وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ بِالتَّخْفِيفِ أَيْ: مَا كَذَبَ فُؤَادُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ الَّذِي رَأَى بَلْ صَدَقَهُ، يُقَالُ: كَذَبَهُ إِذَا قَالَ لَهُ الْكَذِبَ مَجَازُهُ: مَا كَذَبَ الْفُؤَادُ فِيمَا رَأَى، وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي الَّذِي رَآهُ، فَقَالَ قَوْمٌ: رَأَى جِبْرِيلَ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَعَائِشَةَ. أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصٌ هُوَ ابْنُ غِيَاثٍ عَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ عَنْ زِرٍّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: "مَا كَذَبَ الْفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى" قَالَ: رَأَى جِبْرِيلَ لَهُ سِتُّمِائَةِ جَنَاحٍ (١) . وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: هُوَ اللَّهُ ﷿. ثُمَّ اخْتَلَفُوا فِي مَعْنَى الرُّؤْيَةِ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: جَعَلَ بَصَرَهُ فِي فُؤَادِهِ فَرَآهُ بِفُؤَادِهِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْقَاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْغَافِرِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْجُلُودِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ حَجَّاجٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ عَنْ زِيَادِ بْنِ الْحُصَيْنِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: "مَا كَذَبَ الْفُؤَادُ مَا رَأَى". "وَلَقَدْ رَآهُ نَزْلَةً أُخْرَى" قَالَ: رَآهُ بِفُؤَادِهِ مَرَّتَيْنِ (٢) . وَذَهَبَ جَمَاعَةٌ إِلَى أَنَّهُ رآه بعينه ١٤٣/أوَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَنَسٍ وَالْحَسَنِ وَعِكْرِمَةَ، قَالُوا: رَأَى مُحَمَّدٌ رَبَّهُ (٣) ، وَرَوَى عِكْرِمَةُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ بِالْخُلَّةِ وَاصْطَفَى مُوسَى بِالْكَلَامِ وَاصْطَفَى مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ بِالرُّؤْيَةِ (٤) . وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ ﵂ تَقُولُ: لَمْ يَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَبَّهُ، وَتَحْمِلُ الْآيَةَ عَلَى رُؤْيَتِهِ جِبْرِيلَ ﵇:

(١) أخرجه مسلم في الإيمان، باب ذكر سدرة المنتهى برقم: (١٧٤) : ١ / ١٥٨، والبخاري في التفسير - تفسير سورة النجم، باب (فأوحى إلى عبده ما أوحى) : ٨ / ٦١٠. (٢) أخرجه مسلم في الإيمان، باب معنى قول الله ﷿: (ولقد رآه نزلة أخرى٠٠٠) برقم: (١٧٦) : ١ / ١٥٨. (٣) ذكر ذلك ابن كثير:٤ / ٢٥١ وقال: "فيه نظر والله أعلم" وعزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٦٤٧ لابن مردويه. (٤) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٧ / ٤٨.