Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/374)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

night, when the last third of the night remains, and says: “I am the King; I am the King. Who is there that calls upon Me, so that I may answer him? Who is there that asks Me, so that I may give him? Who is there that seeks My forgiveness, so that I may forgive him?” (1)

ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Malīḥī informed us; Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Nuʿaymī informed us; Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf informed us; Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl narrated to us; ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh narrated to us; Sufyān narrated to us; Sulaymān ibn Abī Muslim narrated to us from Ṭāwūs, who heard Ibn ʿAbbās say: When the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, rose at night for voluntary prayer, he would say:

“O Allah, to You belongs all praise. You are the Sustainer of the heavens and the earth and all who are in them. To You belongs all praise. You are the Light of the heavens and the earth and all who are in them. To You belongs all praise. You are the Sovereign of the heavens and the earth and all who are in them. (2) To You belongs all praise. You are the Truth; Your promise is true; meeting You is true; Your word is true; Paradise is true; Hellfire is true; the prophets are true; Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, is true; and the Hour is true. O Allah, to You I have submitted, in You I have believed, upon You I have relied, to You I have turned in repentance, through You I have contended, and to You I have referred for judgment. So forgive me what I have sent forth and what I have deferred, what I have concealed and what I have made public. You are the One who brings forward, and You are the One who puts back. There is no god but You, and there is no god besides You.”

Sufyān said: ʿAbd al-Karīm Abū Umayyah added: “There is no power and no strength except through Allah.” (3)

ʿAbd al-Wāḥid al-Malīḥī informed us; Aḥmad ibn ʿAbd Allāh al-Nuʿaymī informed us; Muḥammad ibn Yūsuf informed us; Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl narrated to us; Ṣadaqah narrated to us; al-Walīd informed us from al-Awzāʿī; ʿUmayr ibn Hāniʾ narrated to me; Junādah ibn Abī Umayyah narrated to me; ʿUbādah narrated to me from the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, who said:

“Whoever wakes up during the night and says, ‘There is no god but Allah alone, without partner. To Him belongs all dominion, and to Him belongs all praise, and He is over all things competent. Glory be to Allah; all praise belongs to Allah; there is no god but Allah; Allah is greatest; and there is no power and no strength except through Allah, the Most High, the Magnificent,’ then says, ‘O Allah, forgive me,’ or makes a supplication, he will be answered. If he performs ablution and prays, his prayer will be accepted.” (4)

“And in their wealth there was a due right for the beggar and the deprived.” (19)

His saying, exalted is He: “And in their wealth there was a due right for the beggar and the deprived.” The beggar is one who asks people, while the deprived is one who has no allotted share in the spoils of war and receives nothing from the public treasury. This was the view of Ibn ʿAbbās and Saʿīd ibn

(1) Reported by al-Tirmidhi through Qutaybah, in the chapter on the descent of the Lord to the lowest heaven each night, 2:524. He said: “This hadith is sound. It has been narrated through numerous chains from Abu Hurayrah ... and these are the soundest reports.” It was also reported by al-Bukhari, in the Book of Tahajjud, chapter: Supplication and Prayer at the End of the Night, 3:29; Muslim, in the Book of the Prayer of Travelers, chapter: Encouragement to Supplicate and Remember Allah at the End of the Night, and the Response Therein, no. 758, 1:521; and the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:63-64. (2) The text within the parentheses is omitted in manuscript A. (3) Reported by al-Bukhari, in the Book of Tahajjud, chapter: Tahajjud Prayer at Night, 3:3; Muslim, in the Book of the Prayer of Travelers, chapter: Supplication during the Night Prayer, no. 769, 1:533; and the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:68. (4) Reported by al-Bukhari, in the Book of Tahajjud, chapter: The Merit of One Who Awakens at Night and Prays, 3:39; and the compiler in Sharh al-Sunnah, 4:71-72.

لَيْلَةٍ حِينَ يَبْقَى ثُلُثُ اللَّيْلِ فَيَقُولُ: أَنَا الْمَلِكُ أَنَا الْمَلِكُ، مَنِ الَّذِي يَدْعُونِي فَأَسْتَجِيبَ لَهُ؟ مَنِ الَّذِي يَسْأَلُنِي فَأُعْطِيَهُ؟ مَنِ الَّذِي يَسْتَغْفِرُنِي فَأَغْفِرَ لَهُ؟ " (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانَ بْنُ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ طَاوُسٍ سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا قَامَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ يَتَهَجَّدُ، قَالَ: "اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ الْحَمْدُ أنت قَيِّمُ السموات وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ، [وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ أنت نور السموات وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ، وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ أنت ملك السموات وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ] (٢) وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ أَنْتَ الْحَقُّ، وَوَعْدُكَ الْحَقُّ، وَلِقَاؤُكَ حَقٌّ، وَقَوْلُكَ حَقٌّ، وَالْجَنَّةُ حَقٌّ وَالنَّارُ حَقٌّ، وَالنَّبِيُّونَ حَقٌّ، وَمُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ حَقٌّ، وَالسَّاعَةُ حَقٌّ، اللَّهُمَّ لَكَ أَسْلَمْتُ وَبِكَ آمَنْتُ وَعَلَيْكَ تَوَكَّلْتُ، وَإِلَيْكَ أَنَبْتُ وَبِكَ خَاصَمْتُ وَإِلَيْكَ حَاكَمْتُ، فَاغْفِرْ لِي مَا قَدَّمْتُ وَمَا أَخَّرْتُ وَمَا أَسْرَرْتُ وَمَا أَعْلَنْتُ، أَنْتَ الْمُقَدِّمُ وَأَنْتَ الْمُؤَخِّرُ، لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنْتَ وَلَا إِلَهَ غَيْرُكَ". قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: وَزَادَ عَبْدُ الْكَرِيمِ أَبُو أُمَيَّةَ: "وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ" (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا صَدَقَةُ، أَخْبَرَنَا الْوَلِيدُ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، حَدَّثَنِي عمير بن هانىء، حَدَّثَنِي جُنَادَةُ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عُبَادَةُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ: "مَنْ تَعَارَّ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَقَالَ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، وَسُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَاللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي، أَوْ دَعَا اسْتُجِيبَ لَهُ، فَإِنْ تَوَضَّأَ وَصَلَّى قُبِلَتْ صَلَاتُهُ". (٤) ﴿وَفِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ حَقٌّ لِلسَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ (١٩) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿وَفِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ حَقٌّ لِلسَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ﴾ السَّائِلُ: الَّذِي يَسْأَلُ النَّاسَ، وَالْمَحْرُومُ: الَّذِي لَيْسَ لَهُ فِي الْغَنَائِمِ سَهْمٌ، وَلَا يُجْرَى عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْفَيْءِ شَيْءٌ، هَذَا قَوْلُ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ

(١) أخرجه الترمذي من طريق قتيبة، باب في نزول الرب ﵎ إلى السماء الدنيا كل ليلة: ٢ / ٥٢٤ وقال: "حديث صحيح، وقد روي هذا الحديث من أوجه كثيرة عن أبي هريرة.. وهذه أصح الروايات". وأخرجه البخاري في التهجد، باب الدعاء والصلاة من آخر الليل: ٣ / ٢٩، ومسلم في صلاة المسافرين، باب الترغيب في الدعاء والذكر في آخر الليل والإجابة فيه برقم: (٧٥٨) : ١ / ٥٢١، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٦٣-٦٤. (٢) ما بين القوسين ساقط من "أ". (٣) أخرجه البخاري في التهجد، باب التهجد بالليل: ٣ / ٣، ومسلم في صلاة المسافرين باب الدعاء في صلاة الليل: برقم (٧٦٩) : ١ / ٥٣٣، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٦٨. (٤) أخرجه البخاري في التهجد، باب فضل من تعار من الليل فصلى: ٣ / ٣٩، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ٤ / ٧١-٧٢.