Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/269)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Ibn Abbas said: “They were seven, from the jinn of Nasibin, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, made them envoys to their people.” Others said: “They were nine.” (1) ‘Asim narrated from Zirr ibn Hubaysh: “Zawba‘ah was among the nine who listened to the Quran.”

“And when they came to it, they said, ‘Listen attentively.’” They said: “Hush!” (2)

It is narrated in a hadith: “The jinn are of three kinds: one kind has wings with which they fly through the air; one kind consists of snakes and dogs; and one kind dwells and travels.” (3)

When they came to it, some of them said to the others: “Listen attentively and remain silent, so that we may hear his recitation and nothing may come between us and listening.” Thus, they listened attentively to the Quran, nearly falling over one another because of their intense eagerness.

“And when it was concluded”—that is, when he had finished reciting it—“they turned back to their people,” meaning that they returned to them, “warning them”: warning them and calling them at the command of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him.

“They said, ‘O our people, we have heard a Book revealed after Moses, confirming what came before it, guiding to the truth and to a straight path. (30) O our people, respond to Allah’s caller and believe in him; He will forgive you your sins and protect you from a painful punishment. (31)’”

“They said, ‘O our people, we have heard a Book revealed after Moses, confirming what came before it, guiding to the truth and to a straight path.’” ‘Ata’ said: “Their religion was Judaism; this is why they said, ‘We have heard a Book revealed after Moses.’” (4)

“O our people, respond to Allah’s caller,” meaning Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, “and believe in him; He will forgive you your sins.” The preposition min is supplementary; that is, “your sins.” “And protect you from a painful punishment.” Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “Then they responded...”

(1) See al-Tabari, 26:30-31. Al-Haythami mentioned several reports from Ibn Abbas in al-Majma', but they are weak. See al-Majma', 7:106. (2) Al-Haythami states in al-Majma', 7:106: “Al-Bazzar narrated it, and its transmitters are reliable, but with the wording ‘seven’ instead of ‘nine.’” (3) Al-Hakim authenticated it, 2:456, according to the criteria of the two Shaykhs; Ibn Hibban also authenticated it, no. 2007, p. 492 of Mawarid al-Zam'an. It was also narrated by al-Bayhaqi in al-Asma' wa al-Sifat, 2:130, and al-Tahawi in Mushkil al-Athar, 4:95-96. Al-Haythami said in al-Majma', 8:36: “Al-Tabarani narrated it; its transmitters have been deemed trustworthy, though there is disagreement concerning some of them.” Ibn Hajar attributed it in al-Matalib al-Aliyah, 3:218, to Abu Ya'la, and al-Albani authenticated it in Sahih al-Jami' al-Saghir, 3:85. (4) See al-Qurtubi, 16:217; Zad al-Masir, 7:390.

النَّفَرِ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: كَانُوا سَبْعَةً مِنْ جِنِّ نَصِيبِينَ، فَجَعَلَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رُسُلًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ. وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: كَانُوا تِسْعَةً (١) . وَرَوَى عَاصِمٌ عَنْ زِرِّ بْنِ حُبَيْشٍ: كَانَ زَوْبَعَةُ مِنَ التِّسْعَةِ الَّذِينَ اسْتَمَعُوا الْقُرْآنَ. ﴿فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ قَالُوا أَنْصِتُوا﴾ قَالُوا: صَهٍ (٢) . وَرُوِيَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: "أَنَّ الْجِنَّ ثَلَاثَةُ أَصْنَافٍ: صِنْفٌ لَهُمْ أَجْنِحَةٌ يَطِيرُونَ بِهَا فِي الْهَوَاءِ، وَصِنْفٌ حَيَّاتٌ وَكِلَابٌ، وَصِنْفٌ يَحُلُّونَ وَيَظْعَنُونَ" (٣) . فَلَمَّا حَضَرُوهُ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: أَنْصِتُوا وَاسْكُتُوا لِنَسْتَمِعَ إِلَى قِرَاءَتِهِ، فَلَا يَحُولُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الِاسْتِمَاعِ شَيْءٌ، فَأَنْصَتُوا وَاسْتَمَعُوا الْقُرْآنَ حَتَّى كَادَ يَقَعُ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ مِنْ شِدَّةِ حِرْصِهِمْ. ﴿فَلَمَّا قُضِيَ﴾ فَرَغَ مِنْ تِلَاوَتِهِ، ﴿وَلَّوْا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ﴾ انْصَرَفُوا إِلَيْهِمْ، ﴿مُنْذِرِينَ﴾ مُخَوِّفِينَ دَاعِينَ بِأَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. ﴿قَالُوا يَا قَوْمَنَا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا كِتَابًا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَإِلَى طَرِيقٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ (٣٠) يَا قَوْمَنَا أَجِيبُوا دَاعِيَ اللَّهِ وَآمِنُوا بِهِ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ مِنْ ذُنُوبِكُمْ وَيُجِرْكُمْ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ (٣١) ﴾ ﴿قَالُوا يَا قَوْمَنَا إِنَّا سَمِعْنَا كِتَابًا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ يَهْدِي إِلَى الْحَقِّ وَإِلَى طَرِيقٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ﴾ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ: كَانَ دِينُهُمُ الْيَهُودِيَّةُ، لِذَلِكَ قَالُوا: إِنَّا سَمِعَنَا كِتَابًا أَنْزِلُ مِنْ بَعْدِ مُوسَى (٤) . ﴿يَا قَوْمَنَا أَجِيبُوا دَاعِيَ اللَّهِ﴾ يَعْنِي مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ، ﴿وَآمِنُوا بِهِ يَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ مِنْ ذُنُوبِكُمْ﴾ "مِنْ" صِلَةٌ، أَيْ ذُنُوبِكُمْ، ﴿وَيُجِرْكُمْ مِنْ عَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: فَاسْتَجَابَ

(١) انظر: الطبري: ٢٦ / ٣٠-٣١. وذكر الهيثمي في المجمع عدة روايات عن ابن عباس لكنها ضعيفة، انظر المجمع: ٧ / ١٠٦. (٢) قال الهيثمي في المجمع: ٧ / ١٠٦: رواه البزار ورجاله ثقات، لكن بلفظ (سبعة) بدلا من (تسعة) . (٣) صححه الحاكم: ٢ / ٤٥٦ على شرط الشيخين، وابن حبان برقم: (٢٠٠٧) ص (٤٩٢) من موارد الظمآن، وأخرجه البيهقي في الأسماء والصفات: ٢ / ١٣٠، والطحاوي في مشكل الآثار: ٤ / ٩٥-٩٦. قال الهيثمي في المجمع: ٨ / ٣٦: "رواه الطبراني، ورجاله وثقوا وفي بعضهم خلاف". وعزاه ابن حجر في المطالب العالية: ٣ / ٢١٨ لأبي يعلي، وصححه الألباني في "صحيح الجامع الصغير" ٣ / ٨٥. (٤) انظر: القرطبي: ١٦ / ٢١٧، زاد المسير: ٧ / ٣٩٠.