Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/266)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

from it.” Addas did so, then brought it and placed it before the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, put forth his hand, he said, “In the name of Allah,” and then ate. Addas looked at his face and said, “By Allah, this is not something the people of this town say.”

The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, asked him, “What land are you from, Addas, and what is your religion?” He replied, “I am a Christian, and I am a man from the people of Nineveh.” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said to him, “Are you from the town of the righteous man Jonah son of Matta?” Addas said, “How do you know of Jonah son of Matta?” The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, replied, “He was my brother: he was a prophet, and I am a prophet.” Thereupon Addas bent over the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, kissing his head, hands, and feet.

He said: One of the two sons of Rabi‘ah said to the other, “Your servant has been spoiled against you.” When Addas came back to them, they said to him, “Woe to you, Addas! Why are you kissing this man’s head, hands, and feet?” He replied, “My masters, there is no man on earth better than this man. He has told me something that none but a prophet could know.” They said, “Take care, Addas. Do not let him turn you away from your religion, for your religion is better than his.”

Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, departed from Ta’if and returned toward Mecca, having despaired of any good from Thaqif. When he reached Nakhlah, he rose in the depth of the night to pray. A group of jinn from Nusaybin in Yemen passed by him and listened to him. When he finished his prayer, they returned to their people as warners, having believed and responded favorably to what they had heard. Allah then recounted their story to him, saying: “And when We directed toward you a group of jinn...” (1)

‘Abd al-Wahid al-Mulayhi informed us; Ahmad ibn ‘Abdullah al-Nu‘aymi informed us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf informed us; Muhammad ibn Isma‘il narrated to us; Musaddad narrated to us; Abu ‘Awanah narrated to us, from Abu Bishr, from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn ‘Abbas, who said:

The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, set out with a group of his Companions, heading for the market of ‘Ukaz. The devils had been barred from receiving news from heaven, and shooting stars were sent against them. So the devils returned to their people, who asked, “What is the matter with you?” They replied, “We have been barred from receiving news from heaven, and shooting stars have been sent against us.” They said, “Nothing has barred you from receiving news from heaven except that something new has occurred. So travel throughout the east and west of the earth and find out what it is that has come between you and news from heaven.”

Those who had headed toward Tihamah came upon the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, at Nakhlah, while he was on his way to the market of ‘Ukaz and leading his Companions in the dawn prayer. When they heard the Quran, they listened attentively to it and said, “By Allah, this is what has barred you from receiving news from heaven.” Thereupon they returned to their people and said, “O our people, we have heard a wondrous Quran, guiding to right guidance; so we have believed in it, and we will never associate anyone with our Lord.” (al-Jinn 2),

(1) Mentioned by Ibn Hisham in al-Sirah, 1:419-422, and by al-Tabari in al-Tarikh, 2:344-347. Al-Tabarani also transmitted part of it, namely: “O Allah, to You I complain...” Al-Haythami stated in Majma al-Zawa'id, 6:35: “It contains Ibn Ishaq, who is a trustworthy mudallis (one who conceals a transmitter in the chain), while the rest of its narrators are trustworthy.” See also Fiqh al-Sirah by al-Ghazali, with hadith verification by al-Albani, p. 137. Consult as well what the eminent scholar al-Laknawi wrote concerning Ibn Ishaq’s reliability and the acceptance of his reports in his book Imam al-Kalam fima yataallaqu bil-qira'ah khalf al-imam (The Definitive Work on Matters Related to Recitation behind the Imam), pp. 280-291, edited by Uthman Jumu'ah Dumayriyah.

مِنْهُ، فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ عَدَّاسُ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ بِهِ حَتَّى وَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَلَمَّا وَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ قَالَ: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ، ثُمَّ أَكَلَ فَنَظَرَ عَدَّاسٌ إِلَى وَجْهِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ مَا يَقُولُهُ أَهْلُ هَذِهِ الْبَلْدَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: مَنْ أَيِّ الْبِلَادِ أَنْتَ يَا عَدَّاسٌ؟ وَمَا دِينُكَ؟ قَالَ: أَنَا نَصْرَانِيٌّ، وَأَنَا رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ نِينَوَى، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَمِنَ قَرْيَةِ الرَّجُلِ الصَّالِحِ يُونُسَ بْنِ مَتَّى؟ قَالَ لَهُ: وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ مَا يُونُسُ بْنُ مَتَّى؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: ذَاكَ أَخِي كَانَ نَبِيًّا وَأَنَا نَبِيٌّ فَأَكَبَّ عَدَّاسٌ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَبَّلَ رَأْسَهُ وَيَدَيْهِ وَقَدَمَيْهِ. قَالَ: فَيَقُولُ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ: أَمَّا غُلَامُكَ فَقَدْ أَفْسَدَهُ عَلَيْكَ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ عَدَّاسٌ قَالَا لَهُ: وَيْلَكَ يا عداس مالك تُقَبِّلُ رَأْسَ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَيَدَيْهِ وَقَدَمَيْهِ؟ قَالَ: يَا سَيِّدِي مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ، لَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي بِأَمْرٍ مَا يَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا نَبِيٌّ، فَقَالَا وَيْحَكَ يَا عَدَّاسُ لَا يَصْرِفُكَ عَنْ دِينِكَ فَإِنَّ دِينَكَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ دِينِهِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ انْصَرَفَ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ رَاجِعًا إِلَى مَكَّةَ حِينَ يَئِسَ مَنْ خَيْرِ ثَقِيفٍ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِنَخْلَةٍ قَامَ مِنْ جَوْفِ اللَّيْلِ يُصَلِّي فَمَرَّ بِهِ نَفَرٌ مَنْ جِنِّ أَهْلِ نَصِيبِينَ الْيَمَنِ، فَاسْتَمَعُوا لَهُ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صِلَاتِهِ وَلَّوْا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ مُنْذِرِينَ، قَدْ آمَنُوا وَأَجَابُوا لِمَا سَمِعُوا، فَقَصَّ اللَّهُ خَبَرَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: "وَإِذْ صَرَفْنَا إِلَيْكَ نَفَرًا مِنَ الْجِنِّ " (١) . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ النَّعِيمِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: انْطَلَقَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي طَائِفَةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ عَامِدِينَ إِلَى سُوقِ عُكَاظَ، وَقَدْ حِيلَ بَيْنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ، فَأُرْسِلَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الشُّهُبُ، فَرَجَعَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ، فَقَالُوا: مَا لَكُمْ؟ قَالُوا: حِيلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ، وَأُرْسِلَتْ عَلَيْنَا الشُّهُبُ، قَالُوا: مَا حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ إِلَّا شَيْءٌ حَدَثَ، فَاضْرِبُوا مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا، فَانْظُرُوا مَا هَذَا الَّذِي حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ، فَانْصَرَفَ أُولَئِكَ الَّذِينَ تَوَجَّهُوا نَحْوَ تِهَامَةَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهُوَ بِنَخْلَةَ، عَامِدِينَ إِلَى سُوقِ عُكَاظَ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي بِأَصْحَابِهِ صَلَاةَ الْفَجْرِ، فَلَمَّا سَمَّعُوا الْقُرْآنَ اسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ، فَقَالُوا: هَذَا وَاللَّهِ الَّذِي حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ خَبَرِ السَّمَاءِ، فَهُنَالِكَ رَجَعُوا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَقَالُوا: يَا قَوْمَنَا "إِنَّا سَمِعَنَا قُرْآنًا عَجَبًا يَهْدِي إِلَى الرُّشْدِ فَآمَنَّا بِهِ وَلَنْ نُشْرِكَ بِرَبِّنَا أَحَدًا" (الْجِنِّ-٢) ،

(١) ذكره ابن هشام في السيرة: ١ / ٤١٩-٤٢٢، والطبري في التاريخ: ٢ / ٣٤٤-٣٤٧، وأخرج الطبراني قطعة منه وهي: اللهم إليك أشكو..، قال الهيثمي في المجمع: ٦ / ٣٥: "فيه ابن إسحاق وهو مدلس ثقة، وبقية رجاله ثقات". وانظر: فقه السيرة للغزالي بتخريج الألباني ص (١٣٧) ، وراجع ما كتبه العلامة اللكنوي في توثيق ابن إسحاق وقبول روايته في كتابه: "إمام الكلام فيما يتعلق بالقراءة خلف الإمام" ص ٢٨٠-٢٩١ بتحقيق عثمان جمعة ضميرية.