Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/196)

Ali ibn Abi Talib said: “Shall I not tell you of the finest verse in the Book of Allah, which the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, conveyed to us? ‘Whatever misfortune befalls you is because of what your own hands have earned, yet He pardons much.’ He said: ‘I shall explain it to you, Ali: Whatever illness, punishment, or affliction befalls you in this world is because of what your hands have earned. Allah is too Generous to punish them a second time in the Hereafter; and whatever Allah has pardoned for you in this world, Allah is too Forbearing to take it up again after having pardoned it.’” (1)

Ikrimah said: “No calamity—or anything greater than it—befalls a servant except on account of a sin which Allah would not forgive except through it, or a rank to which Allah would not raise him except through it.”

“You cannot escape Him on earth, and apart from Allah you have neither protector nor helper.” (31)

(1) Narrated by Imam Ahmad, 1:85, and al-Hakim, 4:388. Al-Suyuti further attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:354, to Ibn Rahawayh, Ibn Mani', Abd ibn Humayd, al-Hakim al-Tirmidhi, Abu Ya'la, Ibn al-Mundhir, Ibn Abi Hatim, and Ibn Mardawayh. Al-Haythami stated (7:104): “Its chain includes Azhar ibn Rashid, who is weak.”

قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ: أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ بِأَفْضَلِ آيَةٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ ﷿ حَدَّثَنَا بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ "وَمَا أَصَابَكُمْ مِنْ مُصِيبَةٍ فَبِمَا كسبت أيديكم ويعفوا عَنْ كَثِيرٍ"، قَالَ: وَسَأُفَسِّرُهَا لَكَ يَا عَلِيُّ: "مَا أَصَابَكُمْ مِنْ مَرَضٍ أَوْ عُقُوبَةٍ أَوْ بَلَاءٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَبِمَا كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيكُمْ، وَاللَّهُ ﷿ أَكْرَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يُثَنِّيَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْعُقُوبَةَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَمَا عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا فَاللَّهُ أَحْلَمُ مِنْ أَنْ يَعُودَ بَعْدَ عَفْوِهِ". (١) قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: مَا مِنْ نَكْبَةٍ أَصَابَتْ عَبْدًا فَمَا فَوْقَهَا إِلَّا بِذَنْبٍ لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيَغْفِرَ لَهُ إِلَّا بِهَا، أَوْ دَرَجَةٍ لَمْ يَكُنِ اللَّهُ لِيُبَلِّغَهَا إِلَّا بِهَا. ﴿وَمَا أَنْتُمْ بِمُعْجِزِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَلِيٍّ وَلَا نَصِيرٍ (٣١) ﴾

(١) أخرجه الإمام أحمد: ١ / ٨٥، والحاكم: ٤ / ٣٨٨، وزاد السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٣٥٤ عزوه لابن راهويه وابن منيع وعبد بن حميد والحكيم الترمذي وأبي يعلى وابن المنذر وابن أبي حاتم وابن مردويه. وقال الهيثمي (٧ / ١٠٤) : "فيه أزهر بن راشد وهو ضعيف".