Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/189)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Indeed, those who dispute concerning the Hour are far astray.” That is, they quarrel; it was also said that they are beset by doubt and uncertainty.

“Allah is Most Kind to His servants; He provides for whomever He wills, and He is the All-Strong, the Almighty. (19) Whoever seeks the harvest of the Hereafter, We shall increase his harvest; and whoever seeks the harvest of this world, We shall give him some of it, but he will have no share in the Hereafter. (20)”

Concerning His saying, exalted is He, “Allah is Most Kind to His servants”: Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “He is caring toward them.” Ikrimah said: “He is benevolent toward them.” Al-Suddi said: “He is gentle.” Muqatil said: “He is kind to both the righteous and the wicked, in that He has not destroyed them through hunger on account of their sins.” This is indicated by His saying: “He provides for whomever He wills” (al-Baqarah, 212). Everyone whom Allah provides for—whether believer, disbeliever, or any living creature—is among those whom Allah wills to provide for.

Jafar al-Sadiq said: “Allah’s gentleness in providing sustenance is manifested in two ways: first, He has made your provision from wholesome things; and second, He has not delivered it to you all at once.” (1) “And He is the All-Strong, the Almighty.”

“Whoever seeks the harvest of the Hereafter”: harvest, in the linguistic sense, means acquisition. That is, whoever seeks the Hereafter through his deeds, “We shall increase his harvest,” by multiplying it tenfold and by whatever further increase Allah wills. “And whoever seeks the harvest of this world”: whoever seeks this world through his deeds, “We shall give him some of it.” Qatadah said: “That is, We shall give him according to what Allah has apportioned for him,” just as He said: “We hasten for him therein whatever We will, for whomever We will” (al-Isra, 18). “But he will have no share in the Hereafter,” because he did not act for the Hereafter.

Imam Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Qadi informed us; Abu Tahir al-Ziyadi informed us; Abu Hamid Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Yahya ibn Bilal informed us; Abu al-Azhar Ahmad ibn Mani al-Abdi related to us; Muhammad ibn Yusuf al-Firyabi related to us; Sufyan related from al-Mughirah, from Abu al-Aliyah, from Ubayy ibn Kab, who said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “This community has been given glad tidings of glory, high rank, victory, and establishment in the land. Whoever among them performs the deeds of the Hereafter for the sake of this world will have no share in the Hereafter.” (2)

(1) See al-Qurtubi, 16:16. (2) Narrated by Imam Ahmad, 5:134. Al-Haythami said in Majma al-Zawaid, 10:220: “It was narrated by Ahmad and his son through several chains, and Ahmad’s narrators are those of the Sahih.” Also narrated by Ibn Hibban in Mawarid al-Zaman, no. 2501, p. 618; al-Hakim, 4:311, who authenticated it, with al-Dhahabi concurring; and the author of Sharh al-Sunnah, 14:335.

﴿أَلَا إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يُمَارُونَ﴾ يُخَاصِمُونَ، وَقِيلَ: تَدْخُلُهُمُ الْمِرْيَةُ وَالشَّكُّ، ﴿فِي السَّاعَةِ لَفِي ضَلَالٍ بَعِيدٍ﴾ ﴿اللَّهُ لَطِيفٌ بِعِبَادِهِ يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَهُوَ الْقَوِيُّ الْعَزِيزُ (١٩) مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الْآخِرَةِ نَزِدْ لَهُ فِي حَرْثِهِ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ نَصِيبٍ (٢٠) ﴾ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿اللَّهُ لَطِيفٌ بِعِبَادِهِ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ﵄: حَفِيٌّ بِهِمْ. قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ: بَارٌّ بِهِمْ. قَالَ الْسُّدِّيُّ: رَفِيقٌ. قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: لَطِيفٌ بِالْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ حَيْثُ لَمْ يُهْلِكْهُمْ جُوعًا بِمَعَاصِيهِمْ، يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ: قَوْلُهُ "يَرْزُقُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ" (الْبَقَرَةِ-٢١٢) ، وَكُلُّ مَنْ رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْ مُؤْمِنٍ وَكَافِرٍ وَذِي رُوحٍ فَهُوَ مِمَّنْ يَشَاءُ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَرْزُقَهُ. قَالَ جَعْفَرٌ الصَّادِقُ: اللُّطْفُ فِي الرِّزْقِ مِنْ وَجْهَيْنِ: أَحَدِهِمَا: أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ رِزْقَكَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ، وَالثَّانِي: أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَدْفَعْهُ إِلَيْكَ بِمَرَّةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ. (١) ﴿وَهُوَ الْقَوِيُّ الْعَزِيزُ﴾ . ﴿مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الْآخِرَةِ﴾ الْحَرْثُ فِي اللُّغَةِ: الْكَسْبُ، يَعْنِي: مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ بِعَمَلِهِ الْآخِرَةَ، ﴿نَزِدْ لَهُ فِي حَرْثِهِ﴾ بِالتَّضْعِيفِ بِالْوَاحِدِ عَشَرَةً إِلَى مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الزِّيَادَةِ، ﴿وَمَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ حَرْثَ الدُّنْيَا﴾ يُرِيدُ بِعَمَلِهِ الدُّنْيَا، ﴿نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: أَيْ: نُؤْتِهِ بِقَدْرِ مَا قَسَمَ اللَّهُ لَهُ، كَمَا قَالَ: "عَجَّلْنَا لَهُ فِيهَا مَا نَشَاءُ لِمَنْ نُرِيدُ" (الْإِسْرَاءِ-١٨) . ﴿وَمَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ نَصِيبٍ﴾ لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْمَلْ لِلْآخِرَةِ. أَخْبَرَنَا الْإِمَامُ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْقَاضِي، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو طَاهِرٍ الزِّيَادِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو حَامِدٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يَحْيَى بْنِ بِلَالٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْأَزْهَرِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ الْعَبْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "بُشِّرَتْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةُ بِالسَّنَا وَالرِّفْعَةِ وَالنَّصْرِ وَالتَّمْكِينِ فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَمَنْ عَمِلَ مِنْهُمْ عَمَلَ الْآخِرَةِ لِلدُّنْيَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ نَصِيبٌ" (٢) .

(١) انظر: القرطبي: ١٦ / ١٦. (٢) أخرجه الإمام أحمد: ٥ / ١٣٤، قال الهيثمي في مجمع الزوائد: ١٠ / ٢٢٠ "رواه أحمد وابنه من طرق، ورجال أحمد رجال الصحيح". وابن حبان في موارد الظمآن برقم: (٢٥٠١) ص ٦١٨، والحاكم: ٤ / ٣١١ وصححه ووافقه الذهبي، والمصنف في شرح السنة: ١٤ / ٣٣٥.