Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/151)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

Qatada, Muqatil, al-Suddi, and al-Kalbi said: The soul of every disbeliever is exposed to the Fire morning and evening for as long as this world endures.

Abu al-Hasan al-Sarakhsi related to us; Zahir ibn Ahmad related to us; Abu Ishaq al-Hashimi related to us; Abu Mus‘ab related to us from Malik, from Nafi‘, from Abdullah ibn Umar, that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “When one of you dies, his place is shown to him morning and evening. If he is among the people of Paradise, then it is among the people of Paradise; and if he is among the people of the Fire, then it is among the people of the Fire. He is then told, ‘This is your place until Allah resurrects you to it on the Day of Resurrection.’” (1)

Allah then informed of their final abode on the Day of Resurrection, saying: “And on the Day the Hour is established: ‘Admit...’” Ibn Kathir, Ibn Amir, Abu Amr, and Abu Bakr recited it as udkhulu (“Enter”), with a conjunctive hamzah, pronounced with a dammah when begun with, and with a dammah on the kha, deriving from the verb meaning “to enter.” That is, they will be told: “Enter, O people of Pharaoh, into the severest punishment.” The others recited it as adkhilu (“Admit”), with a severing hamzah and a kasrah on the kha, deriving from the verb meaning “to cause to enter.” That is, the angels will be told: “Admit Pharaoh’s people into the severest punishment.” Ibn Abbas said: This means various kinds of punishment other than that by which they had been punished since they were drowned.

“And when they argue in the Fire, the weak will say to those who were arrogant, ‘Indeed, we were your followers; so can you relieve us of a share of the Fire?’ (47) Those who were arrogant will say, ‘Indeed, we are all in it. Indeed, Allah has judged between His servants.’ (48) And those in the Fire will say to the keepers of Hell, ‘Call upon your Lord to lighten for us, for one day, the punishment.’” (49)

(1) Narrated by al-Bukhari in Kitab al-Jana'iz (The Book of Funerals), chapter: “The deceased is shown his place morning and evening,” 3:243; and by Muslim in Kitab al-Jannah wa Sifat Na'imiha wa Ahliha (The Garden and the Description of Its Bliss and Its People), chapter: “The deceased being shown his place in Paradise or Hell, the affirmation of the punishment of the grave, and seeking refuge from it,” no. 2866, 4:2199.

وَقَالَ قَتَادَةُ، وَمُقَاتِلٌ، وَالسُّدِّيُّ، وَالْكَلْبِيُّ: تُعْرَضُ رُوحُ كُلِّ كَافِرٍ عَلَى النَّارِ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا مَا دَامَتِ الدُّنْيَا. أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ السَّرَخْسِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا زَاهِرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْهَاشِمِيُّ أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: "إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا مَاتَ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ مَقْعَدُهُ بِالْغَدَاةِ وَالْعَشِيِّ، إِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَمِنْ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَمِنْ أَهْلِ النَّارِ، فَيُقَالُ لَهُ: هَذَا مَقْعَدُكَ حَتَّى يَبْعَثَكَ اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ" (١) . ثُمَّ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ عَنْ مُسْتَقَرِّهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَقَالَ: ﴿وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ أَدْخِلُوا﴾ قَرَأَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ وَابْنُ عَامِرٍ وَأَبُو عَمْرٍو وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ: "السَّاعَةُ" "ادْخُلُوا" بِحَذْفِ الْأَلِفِ وَالْوَصْلِ، وَبِضَمِّهَا فِي الِابْتِدَاءِ، وَضَمِّ الْخَاءِ مِنَ الدُّخُولِ، أَيْ: يُقَالُ لَهُمْ: ادْخُلُوا يَا "آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ"، وَقَرَأَ الْآخَرُونَ "أَدْخِلُوا" بِقَطْعِ الْأَلْفِ وَكَسْرِ الْخَاءِ مِنَ الْإِدْخَالِ، أَيْ: يُقَالُ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ: أَدْخِلُوا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يُرِيدُ أَلْوَانَ الْعَذَابِ غَيْرَ الَّذِي كَانُوا يُعَذَّبُونَ بِهِ مُنْذُ أُغْرِقُوا. ﴿وَإِذْ يَتَحَاجُّونَ فِي النَّارِ فَيَقُولُ الضُّعَفَاءُ لِلَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا إِنَّا كُنَّا لَكُمْ تَبَعًا فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُغْنُونَ عَنَّا نَصِيبًا مِنَ النَّارِ (٤٧) قَالَ الَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا إِنَّا كُلٌّ فِيهَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ حَكَمَ بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ (٤٨) وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ فِي النَّارِ لِخَزَنَةِ جَهَنَّمَ ادْعُوا رَبَّكُمْ يُخَفِّفْ عَنَّا يَوْمًا مِنَ الْعَذَابِ (٤٩) ﴾

(١) أخرجه البخاري في الجنائز، باب: الميت يعرض عليه مقعده بالغداة والعشي: ٣ / ٢٤٣، ومسلم في الجنة وصفة نعيمها وأهلها، باب عرض مقعد الميت من الجنة أو النار عليه وإثبات عذاب القبر، والتعوذ منه برقم: (٢٨٦٦) : ٤ / ٢١٩٩.