Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/142)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“Where is my husband?” He will be told, “They did not perform deeds like yours.” He will say, “I used to work for myself and for them.” It will then be said, “Admit them into Paradise.” (1)

“And protect them from evil deeds; and whoever You protect from evil deeds that Day, You have certainly shown him mercy. That is the supreme triumph. Indeed, those who disbelieve will be called out to: ‘Surely Allah’s hatred of you is greater than your hatred of yourselves, when you were called to faith but continued to disbelieve.’ They will say, ‘Our Lord, You caused us to die twice and gave us life twice; now we confess our sins. Is there then any way out?’” (9–11)

“And protect them from evil deeds”: that is, from punishments. “And whoever You protect from evil deeds”: that is, whomever You protect from evil deeds—meaning, from punishments. It was also said: from the recompense for evil deeds. “That Day, You have certainly shown him mercy. That is the supreme triumph.”

His saying, exalted is He, “Indeed, those who disbelieve will be called out to”: on the Day of Resurrection, while they are in the Fire. They will have come to hate themselves when their evil deeds are laid before them and they behold the punishment. They will then be told: “Surely Allah’s hatred of you is greater than your hatred of yourselves, when you were called to faith but continued to disbelieve.” That is, Allah’s hatred of you in this world, when you were called to faith but disbelieved, was greater than your hatred of yourselves today, when the punishment has befallen you.

“They will say, ‘Our Lord, You caused us to die twice and gave us life twice.’” Ibn Abbas—may Allah be pleased with them both—Qatadah, and al-Dahhak said: They were lifeless in their fathers’ loins, then Allah gave them life in this world. He then caused them to die the death that is inevitable, then gave them life for the resurrection on the Day of Resurrection. Thus, there are two deaths and two lives. (2) This is like His saying, exalted is He: “How can you disbelieve in Allah when you were lifeless and He gave you life? Then He will cause you to die, then give you life” 109/b (al-Baqarah 2:28).

Al-Suddi said: They were caused to die in this world, then brought to life in their graves for questioning; then they were caused to die in their graves, and then brought to life in the Hereafter. (3) “Now we confess our sins. Is there then any way out?” That is, any way to leave the Fire and return to the world, so that we may reform our deeds and act in obedience to You. Its parallel is: “Is there any way of return?” (al-Shura 42:44).

(1) Reported by al-Tabari, 24:45. (2) Al-Suyuti attributed it in al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:278, to Abd ibn Humayd and Ibn al-Mundhir. (3) Reported by al-Tabari, 24:48.

أَيْنَ زَوْجِي؟ فَيُقَالُ: إِنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَعْمَلُوا مِثْلَ عَمَلِكَ، فَيَقُولُ: إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَعْمَلُ لِي وَلَهُمْ، فَيُقَالُ: أَدْخِلُوهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ (١) . ﴿وَقِهِمُ السَّيِّئَاتِ وَمَنْ تَقِ السَّيِّئَاتِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمْتَهُ وَذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ (٩) إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنَادَوْنَ لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مَقْتِكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ (١٠) قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا فَهَلْ إِلَى خُرُوجٍ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ (١١) ﴾ ﴿وَقِهِمُ السَّيِّئَاتِ﴾ الْعُقُوبَاتِ، ﴿وَمَنْ تَقِ السَّيِّئَاتِ﴾ أَيْ: وَمَنْ تَقِهِ السَّيِّئَاتِ يَعْنِي الْعُقُوبَاتِ، وَقِيلَ: جَزَاءَ السَّيِّئَاتِ، ﴿يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمْتَهُ وَذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ﴾ . قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنَادَوْنَ﴾ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَهُمْ فِي النَّارِ وَقَدْ مَقَتُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ حِينَ عُرِضَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ سَيِّئَاتُهُمْ، وَعَايَنُوا الْعَذَابَ، فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: ﴿لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مَقْتِكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ﴾ يَعْنِي لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ إِيَّاكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مَقْتِكُمُ الْيَوْمَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ عِنْدَ حُلُولِ الْعَذَابِ بِكُمْ. ﴿قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ﴾ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ -رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَا-وَقَتَادَةُ وَالضَّحَّاكُ: كَانُوا أَمْوَاتًا فِي أَصْلَابِ آبَائِهِمْ فَأَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا، ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُمُ الْمَوْتَةَ الَّتِي لَا بُدَّ مِنْهَا، ثُمَّ أَحْيَاهُمْ لِلْبَعْثِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، فَهُمَا مَوْتَتَانِ وَحَيَاتَانِ (٢) ، وَهَذَا كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: "كَيْفَ تَكْفُرُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَكُنْتُمْ أَمْوَاتًا فَأَحْيَاكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثم يحييكم" ١٠٩/ب (الْبَقَرَةِ-٢٨) ، وَقَالَ الْسُّدِّيُّ: أُمِيتُوا فِي الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ أُحْيَوْا فِي قُبُورِهِمْ لِلسُّؤَالِ، ثُمَّ أُمِيتُوا فِي قُبُورِهِمْ ثُمَّ أُحْيَوْا فِي الْآخِرَةِ (٣) . ﴿فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا فَهَلْ إِلَى خُرُوجٍ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ﴾ أَيْ: مِنْ خُرُوجٍ مِنَ النَّارِ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَنُصْلِحَ أَعْمَالَنَا وَنَعْمَلَ بِطَاعَتِكَ، نَظِيرُهُ: "هَلْ إِلَى مَرَدٍّ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ" (الشُّورَى-٤٤) .

(١) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٤ / ٤٥. (٢) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٧٨ لعبد بن حميد، وابن المنذر. (٣) أخرجه الطبري: ٢٤ / ٤٨.