Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/134)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“And you will see the angels surrounding the Throne, glorifying their Lord with His praise. Judgment will be passed among them in truth, and it will be said, ‘Praise be to Allah, Lord of all the worlds.’” (75)

“And they will say, ‘Praise be to Allah, who has fulfilled His promise to us and made us inherit the land’”—that is, the land of Paradise. This is His saying: “And We have already written in the Psalms, after the Reminder, that My righteous servants shall inherit the land.” (The Prophets, 105) “We may settle”—that is, we may dwell—“in Paradise wherever we wish.” Allah Most High says: “How excellent is the reward of those who work righteously!” That is, the recompense of those who obey Allah.

“And you will see the angels surrounding the Throne”: that is, encircling it and surrounding it, moving about its edges—that is, its sides—“glorifying their Lord with His praise.” It has been said that this is glorification out of delight, not glorification as an act of worship, since religious obligation [ceases] on that Day. “Judgment will be passed among them in truth”: that is, judgment will be passed justly between the people of Paradise and the Fire. “And it will be said, ‘Praise be to Allah, Lord of all the worlds.’” The people of Paradise will say this in gratitude to Allah when Allah’s promise to them has been fulfilled.

Abd al-Wahid ibn Ahmad al-Mulayhi informed us; Abu Mansur Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Saman informed us; Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Abd al-Jabbar al-Rayani narrated to us; Humayd ibn Zanjawayh narrated to us; Ubayd Allah ibn Musa narrated to us; Isra'il narrated to us, from Abu Ishaq, from Abu al-Ahwas, from Abd Allah, who said: “The likeness of the Quran is that of a man who set out to seek a dwelling-place for his family. He came across the traces of rainfall, and as he walked through them, marvelling at them, he came down upon soft, luxuriant meadows. He said, ‘I marvelled at the first rainfall, but this is even more wondrous and more amazing.’ He was then told, ‘The first rainfall represents the greatness of the Quran, while these soft, luxuriant meadows represent the Ha-Mim surahs in the Quran.’” (2) (3)

Abu Sa'id al-Shurayhi informed us; Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi informed us; Abu Muhammad al-Rumi informed us; Abu al-Abbas al-Sarraj narrated to us; Qutaybah narrated to us; Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to us, from Yazid ibn Abi Habib, that al-Jarrah ibn Abi al-Jarrah related to him from Ibn Abbas, who said: “Everything has a core, and the core of the Quran is the Ha-Mim surahs.” (4) Ibn Mas'ud said: “When I come upon the Ha-Mim surahs, I have come upon soft, luxuriant meadows in which I take delight.” (5) Sa'd ibn Ibrahim said: “The Ha-Mim surahs used to be called ‘the brides.’” (6)

(1) In manuscript B: omitted. (2) Its soil is soft and yielding; thus one says, “a damith man,” meaning one of gentle disposition. (3) Al-Suyuti attributed it in Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:268-269, to Muhammad ibn Nasr and Hamid ibn Zanjawayh. (4) Al-Suyuti attributed it in Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:268, to Abu Ubayd in his Fada'il. (5) Al-Suyuti attributed it in Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:268, to Abu Ubayd, Muhammad ibn Nasr, and Ibn al-Mundhir. See also Al-Bahr al-Muhit, 7:447. (6) Reported by al-Darimi, 2:328. Al-Suyuti further attributed it in Al-Durr al-Manthur, 7:269, to Muhammad ibn Nasr.

﴿وَتَرَى الْمَلَائِكَةَ حَافِّينَ مِنْ حَوْلِ الْعَرْشِ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ وَقِيلَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ (٧٥) ﴾ ﴿وَقَالُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي صَدَقَنَا وَعْدَهُ وَأَوْرَثَنَا الْأَرْضَ﴾ أَيْ: أَرْضَ الْجَنَّةِ. وَهُوَ قَوْلُهُ ﷿: "وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُهَا عِبَادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ" (الْأَنْبِيَاءِ-١٠٥) ﴿نَتَبَوَّأُ﴾ نَنْزِلُ، ﴿مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ حَيْثُ نَشَاءُ﴾ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿فَنِعْمَ أَجْرُ الْعَامِلِينَ﴾ ثَوَابُ الْمُطِيعِينَ. ﴿وَتَرَى الْمَلَائِكَةَ حَافِّينَ مِنْ حَوْلِ الْعَرْشِ﴾ أَيْ: مُحْدِقِينَ مُحِيطِينَ بِالْعَرْشِ، مُطِيفِينَ بِحَوَافِيهِ أَيْ: بِجَوَانِبِهِ، ﴿يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ﴾ قِيلَ: هَذَا تَسْبِيحُ تَلَذُّذٍ لَا تَسْبِيحُ تَعَبُّدٍ، لِأَنَّ التَّكْلِيفَ [يَزُولُ] (١) فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ ﴿وَقُضِيَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ﴾ أَيْ: قُضِيَ بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ بِالْعَدْلِ، ﴿وَقِيلَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ﴾ يَقُولُ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ: شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ، حِينَ تَمَّ وَعْدُ اللَّهِ لَهُمْ. أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الْمَلِيحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مَنْصُورٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ الرَّيَّانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ زَنْجُوَيْهِ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِنَّ مَثَلَ الْقُرْآنِ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ انْطَلَقَ يَرْتَادُ لِأَهْلِهِ مَنْزِلًا فَمَرَّ بِأَثَرِ غَيْثٍ فَبَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَسِيرُ فِيهِ وَيَتَعَجَّبُ مِنْهُ إِذْ هَبَطَ عَلَى رَوْضَاتٍ دَمِثَاتٍ (٢) ، فَقَالَ: عَجِبْتُ مِنَ الْغَيْثِ الْأَوَّلِ فَهَذَا أَعْجَبُ مِنْهُ وَأَعْجَبُ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: إِنَّ مَثَلَ الْغَيْثِ الْأَوَّلِ مَثَلُ عِظَمِ الْقُرْآنِ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّوْضَاتِ الدَّمِثَاتِ مَثَلُ الْـ حم فِي الْقُرْآنِ (٣) . أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الشُّرَيْحِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الثَّعْلَبِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الرُّومِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ السَّرَّاجُ، حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ أَنَّ الْجَرَّاحَ بْنَ أَبِي الْجَرَّاحِ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ لُبَابٌ وَلُبَابُ والقرآن الْحَوَامِيمُ (٤) . وَقَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: إِذَا وَقَعْتُ فِي آلِ حم وَقَعْتُ فِي رَوْضَاتٍ دَمِثَاتٍ أَتَأَنَّقُ فِيهِنَّ (٥) . وَقَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: كُنَّ -آلَ حم-يُسَمَّيْنَ الْعَرَائِسَ (٦) .

(١) في "ب": متروك. (٢) في تربتها لين وسهولة، نقول: رجل دمث: سهل خلقه. (٣) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٦٨-٢٦٩ لمحمد بن نصر، وحميد بن زنجويه. (٤) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٦٨ لأبي عبيد في فضائله. (٥) عزاه السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٦٨ لأبي عبيد، ومحمد بن نصر، وابن المنذر. وانظر: البحر المحيط: ٧ / ٤٤٧. (٦) أخرجه الدارمي: ٢ / ٣٢٨، وزاد السيوطي في الدر المنثور: ٧ / ٢٦٩ نسبته لمحمد بن نصر.