Tafsir al-Baghawi - Al-Baghawi - (7/108)

Tafsir al-BaghawiAl-Baghawi

“He created you from a single soul, then made from it its mate; and He sent down for you eight pairs of livestock. He creates you in your mothers’ wombs, stage after stage, in threefold darkness. Such is Allah, your Lord; to Him belongs all dominion. There is no deity but Him. So how then are you turned away?” (6)

“If Allah had wished to take a son, He could have chosen whatever He willed from among what He creates”—that is, the angels—as He says: “Had We intended to take a diversion, We would have taken it from Our own presence” (Quran 21:17). He then declared Himself far above this, saying: “Glory be to Him!”—a declaration of His transcendence above that and above all that does not befit His holiness. “He is Allah, the One, the All-Compelling.”

“He created the heavens and the earth in truth. He wraps the night around the day and wraps the day around the night.” Qatadah said: He causes each to cover the other, as He says: “He causes the night to cover the day” (Quran 7:54). It is also said that He makes one enter into the other, as He says: “He causes the night to enter into the day, and He causes the day to enter into the night” (Quran 22:61).

Al-Hasan and al-Kalbi said: He diminishes the night and thereby increases the day, and He diminishes the day and thereby increases the night. Thus, whatever is taken from the night enters into the day, and whatever is taken from the day enters into the night. The greatest decrease is nine hours, and the greatest increase is fifteen hours. The original sense of wrapping is winding and gathering together; hence one says, “He wound the turban.” “He has subjected the sun and the moon, each running its course for an appointed term. Surely, He is the Almighty, the All-Forgiving.”

“He created you from a single soul”—⦗105/A⦘ that is, Adam—“then made from it its mate,” that is, Eve. “And He sent down for you from the livestock”: here, sending down means bringing into existence and creating, as in His saying: “We have sent down to you garments to cover your nakedness” (Quran 7:26).

﴿خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِي بُطُونِ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ خَلْقًا مِنْ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ ثَلَاثٍ ذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ فَأَنَّى تُصْرَفُونَ (٦) ﴾ ﴿لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًا لَاصْطَفَى﴾ لَاخْتَارَ، ﴿مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ﴾ يَعْنِي: الْمَلَائِكَةَ، كَمَا قَالَ: "لَوْ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَتَّخِذَ لَهْوًا لَاتَّخَذْنَاهُ مِنْ لَدُنَّا" (الْأَنْبِيَاءِ -١٧) ثُمَّ نَزَّهَ نَفْسَهُ فَقَالَ: ﴿سُبْحَانَهُ﴾ تَنْزِيهًا لَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، وَعَمَّا لَا يَلِيقُ بِطَهَارَتِهِ، ﴿هُوَ اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ﴾ . ﴿خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ يُكَوِّرُ اللَّيْلَ عَلَى النَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَى اللَّيْلِ﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: يُغْشِي هَذَا هَذَا، كَمَا قَالَ: "يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ" (الْأَعْرَافِ-٥٤) وَقِيلَ: يُدْخِلُ أَحَدَهُمَا عَلَى الْآخَرِ كَمَا قَالَ: "يُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ" (الْحَجِّ-٦١) . وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ، وَالْكَلْبِيُّ: يُنْقِصُ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَيَزِيدُ فِي النَّهَارِ، وَيُنْقِصُ مِنَ النَّهَارِ فَيَزِيدُ فِي اللَّيْلِ، فَمَا نَقَصَ مِنَ اللَّيْلِ دَخَلَ فِي النَّهَارِ، وَمَا نَقَصَ مِنَ النَّهَارِ دَخَلَ فِي اللَّيْلِ، وَمُنْتَهَى النُّقْصَانِ تِسْعُ سَاعَاتٍ، وَمُنْتَهَى الزِّيَادَةِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَاعَةً، وَأَصْلُ التَّكْوِيرِ اللَّفُّ وَالْجَمْعُ، وَمِنْهُ: كَوَّرَ الْعِمَامَةَ. ﴿وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى أَلَا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ﴾ . ﴿خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ﴾ ١٠٥/أيَعْنِي: آدَمَ، ﴿ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا﴾ يَعْنِي حَوَّاءَ، ﴿وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ﴾ مَعْنَى الْإِنْزَالِ هَاهُنَا: الْإِحْدَاثُ وَالْإِنْشَاءُ، كَقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: "أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ لِبَاسًا يُوَارِي سَوْآتِكُمْ" (الْأَعْرَافِ-٢٦) .